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Jesoth Lalu Naik ¹, Anwar Basha Dudekula ¹, K. S. N. Reddy ¹, K. K. Reddy ¹, A. Papa Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Anthropology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, IN

Abstract

The incidence of diabetes is continuously increasing worldwide. Pre-diabetes represents an intermediate state, which often to overt diabetes within a few years. The aim of the study is to assess the pre-diabetes in the adults of Tirupati urban, Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 9 months. A total 245 subjects were taken for the study between the age group of20-40 years. Fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test was done and samples were estimated for different risk factors. The data was collected and analyzed in percentage. 38(15.4%) subjects were in pre-diabetes stage (Impaired fasting blood glucose 30 (12.2%), Impaired glucose tolerance 8(3.26%) and with both features 6(2.4%). Apart from the familial history, elevated triglycerides levels, BMI and decreased levels of HDL was found to be leading risk factors prevailing in the subjects studied (N=245). 15.4% of the subjects were found to be prediabetic. All the pre-diabetics are identified as male subjects. It was found that in more than 50% of the subjects apart from family history hypertriglyceridemia, BMI and low levels of HDL cholesterol were elevated.

Keywords

Pre-Diabetes, Oral Glucose Test, Impaired Fasting Blood Glucose, Triglycerides.

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Anwar Basha Dudekula ¹, Jesoth Lalu Naik ¹, K. S. N. Reddy ¹, A. Papa Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Anthropology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, IN

Abstract

Reliable information on the prevalence of hypertension is crucial in the development of health policies for the prevention, early diagnosis, and control of this condition. This study describes the prevalence of hypertension among the Tirupati adult population of Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India, and identifies correlates associated with it. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Tirupati Municipal Corporation. The study included 271 adults who reside in this area and who were 20 years old or older. The subjects were evaluated through one-hour interviews at their homes. After each subject was interviewed, three consecutive blood pressure measurements were conducted. The data were analyzed by proportions, F-ratios, chi-square tests, odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals. Sixty-five of the 271 subjects (24%) were found to have hypertension. Among the 65 subjects with hypertension, 54 (83.1%) were aware of their hypertension and were undergoing treatment for the condition. However, among the 54 subjects being treated, only 31 subjects (57.4%) had satisfactory control of their hypertension. Ahigher prevalence of hypertension was found among subjects who had a BMI greater than 25, were 40 years old or older, had a family history of hypertension, had a history of previous cerebrovascular or cardiovascular events, had diabetes, smoked, drank alcoholic beverages, and consumed excess salt. A comparatively higher prevalence was found among males, subjects whose diets were non-vegetarian, people with high saturated fat intake, and subjects who did not engage in physical exercise. Despite treatment, most of the hypertensives had not achieved satisfactory control of blood pressure. Health education programs are needed to teach the public how to control the various risk factors associated with hypertension.

Keywords

Hypertension, Risk Factors, Blood Pressure.

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P. Y. B. Reddy ¹, A. Papa Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Anthropology, S.V. University, Tirupati - 517 502, A. P., IN

Abstract

Nutrition is one of the powerful environmental factors to Influence the optimal health of an individual and it is indirectly Influenced by family income, occupation, family size and other environmental constituents.

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