Informatics Publishing Limited

Y. L. Krishnamurthy , H. M. Prakasha , A. Nanda

Abstract

An extensive survey of the angiospermic floristic diversity was carried out in Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka. A total of 30 transect each measuring 250 m × 4 m (0.1 ha) were laid randomly at different geographic locations of the sanctuary and plants were enumerated. The enumeration, carried out in the transects resulted in a total of 406 species, 294 genera belonging to 98 families. Of these enumerated plant species, 169 were tree forms, 37 shrubs, 82 herbs, 70 climbers and remaining were miscellaneous category. Xylia xylocarpa form the denser species among the trees in the sanctuary with a total of 614 trees/ 30 transects (D= 20.47 trees/transect) while Ichnocarpus frutescens (76 individuals, D=2.53) and Stachytarpeta indica (79 individuals, D= 2.63) were dominant among climbers and herbs respectively. The study also recorded a very good Shannon -Wiener and Simpson diversity index of 3.4 and 16.84 for trees, 3.57, 26.14 for climbers and 3.9, 40.2 for herbs. Twelve species among these were designated under endangered threat category while 56 were remarked as endemic to Western Ghats and 106 species as rare. Over 234 plant species were commonly distributed in the sanctuary.

Keywords

Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Ghats, Karmataka, Flora, Diversity, Status,
Endangered Species

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D. Singh ¹, A. Mandal ¹, A. Usmani ², A. Nanda ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur - 440 010, IN
2 Sub-Surface Project Division, 2nd Floor, EIB Engineers India Limited, New Delhi 110 066, IN

Abstract

The degree of uncertainty involved in an underground storage project is relatively higher compared to other underground projects. In order to allow for a safe and economical construction of underground rock caverns, continuous updating of the geological and geotechnical model along with adjustment in construction approach is required. Investigations planned during different stages of excavation of the project assist in the identification of various geological features and ground characteristics to ensure robust design of underground structures. Investigation in each stage of the project is planned in line with the time and money available at that stage, along with level of detailing required for different design stages. In order to develop an efficient investigation scheme, it is necessary to assimilate the existing information from one stage before planning for the next stage of investigations. This article highlights the significance of various investigations carried out for one of the strategic storage site in the southern part of India.

Keywords

Geotechnical and Geological Investigations, Cavern, Tunnelling, Underground Excavations, Rock.

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