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N. C. Nandi ¹, A. K. Das ¹, S. K. Raut ², A. Choudhury ³

Affiliations
1 Social Environmental and Biological Association, Kolkata, IN
2 Department of Zoology, Calcutta University, 35, B. C. Road, Kolkata–700 019, IN
3 S. D. Marine Biological Research Institute, Sagar Island, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

While consulting our old files and records we came across several black and white photomicrographs of some ciliates (Figs. 1-13) along with a brief unpublished write up on their taxonomy. This write up shows and reminds us that these ciliates were recovered from the gut contents of the echiurid worm (Phylum Echiura), Analassorhynchus branchiorhynchus (Annandale and Kemp) which was collected from the mudflats of Sagar Islands, South 24 Parganas district, West Bengal in 1970.

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S. K. Sasmal ¹, A. Choudhury ¹, G. Dash ²

Affiliations
1 S. D. Marine Biological Research Institute, Bamankhali, Sagar Island, 24-Pgs (S), West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Pathology and Microbilogy, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata-700094, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Investigation on some limnological factors like salinity and pH as well as species diversity of ichthyoplankton at three different sampling stations, viz., Light house (Station-1), Kachuberia (Station-2) and Haldia (Station-3) in the Hooghly estuarine complex of West Bengal was carried out. Samples of ichthyoplankton and water were collected every month during 2008. Station-1 recorded higher values of salinity, pH and species diversity compared to those of Station-2 and Station-3. The salinity and pH played an important role for survival of ichthyoplankton in the estuarine environment. Species diversity of ichthyoplankton also varied among the sampling stations. In all the stations maximum number of ichthyoplankton was available during pre-monsson (March to June) and minimum during monsoon (July to October). The species diversity gradually declined from the mouth towards the upper stretches of the estuary with the decrease in the salinity and pH of water.

Keywords

Estuary, Salinity, pH, Ichthyoplankton, Diversity.

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S. K. Sasmal ¹, A. Choudhury ¹, G. Dash ²

Affiliations
1 S. D. Marine Biological Research Institute, Bamankhali, Sagar Island, 24 Parganas (S), West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Fishery Pathology and Microbilogy, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata-700094, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

The fish juveniles surveys were conducted in Hooghly estuary near Sagar Island in Indian Sundarban in 2008 to study their composition, diversity, distribution and seasonal occurrence. A total of 65 species belonging to 27 genera under 20 families were identified from two stations of Hooghly estuary at Sagar Island, viz., Baguakhali and Chemaguri. Of the 20 families, Engraulidae represented highest diversity of 12 species, followed by Mugilidae (8 species), Chipeidae (7 species) and Gobiidae (6 species). The diversity of species was minimum during post-monsoon and maximum in pre-monsoon periods. The most doninant families were Engraulidae, Mugilidae, Culpeidae, Gobidae and Cynoglossidae. The composition and diversity fish juveniles in the Baguakhali was higher than that of Chemaguri in all seasons.

Keywords

Fish Juveniles, Composition, Distribution, Hooghly Estuary, Sundarbans.

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A. Choudhury ¹, S. K. Dash ², A. Roy ³, S. Bahadur ³, S. Saha ³, S. Das ³

Affiliations
1 GRY institute of Pharmacy, Vidhya Vihar, Borawan, M.P, IN
2 Girijanada Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Azara Hathakhowapara, NH-37, Guwahati 781017, Assam, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutics, GRY institute of Pharmacy, Vidhya Vihar, Borawan, M.P, IN

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to develop a floating control drug delivery system of ranitidine hydrochloride and investigate the effect of formulation variables on drug release profile and floating property. Ranitidine hydrochloride (RHCl) was used as a model drug because of its short biological half life and site of release at stomach. Tablets were formulated using different concentration hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K4M, carbopol 934.where Sodium bicarbonate and Citric acid used as a gas generating agent. The floating behavior and in-vitro dissolution studies are carried out in a USP type II apparatus in 0.1 (N) HCL. It was observed that all the prepared formulation shows good floating capabilities up to 15 to 18 hours and slow steady release profile up to 12 hours. The dissolution profiles were subjected various kinetic release equations and found that drug release from different polymeric matrix follows diffusion controlled process. It has been also observed that combination of HPMC K4M and carbopol 934 shows better results as compared to their single use.

Keywords

Floating Controlled Delivery System, Ranitidine Hydrochloride, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose K4 M, Carbopol-934.

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S. Vaghasia ¹, V. Kanthiya ², Sujoy Das ², R. K. Sethi ³, A. Choudhury ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, GRY Institute of Pharmacy Borawan, Khargone- 451228(MP), IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, GRY Institute of Pharmacy Borawan, Khargone- 451228 (MP), IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutics, GRY Institute of Pharmacy Borawan, Khargone-451228 (MP), IN
4 Department of Pharmaceutics, GRY Institute of Pharmacy Borawan, Khargone- 451228 (MP), IN

Abstract

In this study, tablets were formulated by wet granulation technique taking Paracetamol as model drug. Three mucoadhesive polymers namely hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose K4M, methyl cellulose and poly vinyl pyrolidone were used for preparation of coating solution (1%,2% and 3%) as well as for development of sustained release tablets. All the evaluation were carried out before and after coating like thickness and diameter, weight variation, friability, disintegration, swelling index, Mucoadhesive strength, drug content and in-vitro release study. All the physical evaluation parameters were increases after coating when compare with normal tablet. Normal tablets were showed 95% release within 30 min where coated tablets showed 98% release over a period of 6hr. in water and release was diffusion controlled confirmed by Higuchi’s plot. Thus, the present study concluded that, we can development of sustained release formulation can be possible by coating using the mucoadhesive polymers.

Keywords

Punch, Coating, Diffusion, Sustained

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