Informatics Publishing Limited

Govind Pal , M. L. Bhagat , A. Bhattacharya

Abstract

The present paper is based on the analysis of survey data of 500 lac growers of Ranchi and West Singhbhum districts in the year 2003-04 and 2004-05. Primary data has been collected from the lac growers. The analysis of survey data shows that contribution of lac in total income and farm income was 18.5% and 26.4% respectively for untrained, while 24.0% and 32.0% respectively for trained lac growers. Cost of cultivation and net return per host on Palas (Butea monosperma) worked out to Rs. 51.30 and Rs. 97.70 respectively for untrained and Rs. 70.70 and Rs.163.40 respectively for trained lac growers. Cost of cultivation and net return per host on Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana) worked out to Rs. 93.50 and Rs. 195.40 respectively for untrained and Rs. 159.20 and Rs.418.30 respectively for trained lac growers. Cost of cultivation and net return per host on Kusum (Schleichera oleosa) worked out to be Rs. 688.10 and Rs. 1,628.40 respectively for untrained and Rs. 1,104.20 and Rs. 3,312.90 respectively for trained lac growers. Due to very low investment in fixed cost, break even production was very low in comparison to existing production for both untrained and trained lac growers. Low break even prices show that risk in lac cultivation is very low and it will be a profitable enterprise even in low lac prices. Risk bearing ability was more in case of trained lac growers in comparison to untrained lac growers.

Keywords

Lac Cultivation, Risk-coping Strategy, Agriculture, Jharkhand

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S. Ghoshal Chaudhuri , Y.D. Mishra , A. Bhattacharya , M. L. Bhagat , A. H. Naqvi

Abstract

No abstract

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Y. D. Mishra , A. Bhattacharya , A. H. Naqvi

Abstract

No abstract

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P. K. Saha , A. Bhattacharya , S. N. Ganguly

Abstract

Shorea robusta Gaertn. f. (Sal) seeds remain viable only for 10-days from the date of harvest under natural conditions. The non-viability is due to loss of moisture from the seed coat followed by cotyledon and embryo. Hairs present in the viable seed coat are lost in the non-viable ones. It is possible to store the seeds in, viable condition for two months after harvest at a temperature between l0-12°C. The seeds have been classified into four categoris on the basis of morphological characters. Absorption of water during germination is an important marker in identifying the seed viahility. Gibberellic acids (GA₁, GA₃, GA₅,. GA₁₃,) and indole acetic acid (IAA) in both free and conjugated forms which are present in viable seeds disappear in non-viable ones. The carbohydrates, proteins and acid phosphates which are also present in the viable seeds decline in the non-viable ones along with the denaturation of proteins In the non-viable seeds phenolics as well as fatty acids are formed which act as inhibitors of germination. The loss of moisture from the seed coat causes the loss of membrane integrity and this can be overcome by storing the seeds at cool temperature (10-12°C). Kinetin (0.01 mg/1 treatment is also effective.

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A. Bhattacharya , U. N. Prasad

Abstract

No abstract

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Govind Pal ¹, A. Bhattacharya ¹

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums (ICAR) Namkum, Ranchi -834010, Jharkhand, IN

Abstract

The study was carried out with a view to examine India's export and import status of natural resins and gums, major destinations of export and major countries exporting to India. The study is based on secondary data collected for 10 years spanning from 1998-99 to 2007-08. The data were analyzed by using exponential function and instability index. The average annual exported quantity of all natural resins and gums during last 10 years was 1,49,652.96 tons valued 89,901.10 lakh while average annual imported quantity was 39,009.51 tons valued 15,682.70 lakh. The compound annual growth rate of natural resins and gums export during the reported period was positive for both quantity (7.85 per cent per annum) and value (6.96 per cent). The growth rate was also positive in natural resins and gums import and it was 20.77 and 30.05 per cent in quantity and value, respectively. The major export destination of Indian natural resins and gums were USA, China and Germany while major countries exporting to India were Afghanistan, Indonesia and China.

Keywords

Natural Resins, Gums, Export, Import, Growth

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V. M. Katoch ¹, P. P. Majumder ², A. Bhattacharya ³

Affiliations
1 NASI-ICMR Chair on Public Health Research at RUHS, Jaipur, IN
2 National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani 741 251, IN
3 School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, IN

Abstract

A large number of diseases have been grouped together as 'rare diseases', because we do not know much about them. There is no consensus on the definition of a rare disease. This is because, obtaining reliable statistical estimates of the frequency of occurrence of a rare event, such as prevalence of a rare disease, requires an inordinately large sample size, collection of which costs prohibitively large amount of money. Recognizing this limitation and the somewhat arbitrary nature of definition of a rare disease, we can use the definition adopted by the World Health Organization: A rare disease is a disease whose prevalence in a given country or a region is lower than 1 in 10,000 persons.

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A. Bhattacharya ¹, S. Tripathy ¹

Affiliations
1 KIIT School of Management, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IN

Abstract

The Challenges faced by today's growing Economy and Population are Employability and Education. And the convergence of these two parallel paths can only begin through positive incremental human capital development thoughts converted into output. And for this the Central Government of India, State Governments and the people in private sector, academics, and citizens at large are jointly responsible. In this Volatile and Competitive Era, it is the clarion call for us to understand the dynamics of sustainability through productive Employment- which incidentally is also ischolar_mained back to Education as its node. So we need to discuss the bottlenecks in the path of 21st century demography based appropriate education from childhood to adulthood, into employability. And to avoid disguised unemployment we need to identify the relevant skill-sets for the right opportunities in employability as well. This paper is an analysis about the differences in mind-sets of the "to do&to act" types given our current socioeconomic conditions in this modern era of Information Highway.

Keywords

Economy, Population, Education, Employability, Sustainability.

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Durdana Lateef ¹, A. Bhattacharya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, IN

Abstract

In this paper common fixed point theorem for the pair of mapping satisfying different contractive condition in Hilbert space has been proved.

Keywords

Fixed Point, Hilbert Space, Contraction Mapping, Banach Space.

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Vipin K. Sharma ¹, A. Bhattacharya ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sci., Gurukul Kangadi Vishwavidyalaya, Hardwar (U.A.), IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh (Assam), IN

Abstract

Psyllium husk forms the viscous gel by absorbing water. In the present study glipizide was used as a model drug. Swelling behavior study of psyllium was analyzed in 0.1N HCl, phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and distilled water. Similar medium were used for reconstituted xerogel. Different formulations to analyze the release behavior of glipizide were prepared by using capsule shell ‘1’ and psyllium husk as matrixing agent. The dissolution study of different formulation was performed in six stage dissolution apparatus in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and 0.1NHCl for 10 hours. The drug-polymer network thus obtained was characterized for drug polymer interaction by FTIR study. It has been observed that in distilled water could maintain its gel consistency for prolonged time than 0.1N HCl and phosphate buffer (p<0.05). It was investigated that 70% of the dispersed drug was released within 10 hours in phosphate buffer. The amount released in 0.1N HCl was significantly different than phosphate buffer (p<0.05). Sustaining effect of formulation was obtained very high when large amount of psyllium husk was used. FTIR study revealed that the dispersed drug was unaffected after matrix formation.

Keywords

Isabgol Husk, Hydrophilic Matrix, Xerogel, Glipizide.

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