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M. Kaur ¹, A. S. Dhatt ¹, A. S. Sidhu ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, IN
2 ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru – 560 089, IN

Abstract

The present investigation reports effects of disinfectants on culture contamination, seed germination and seedling growth in eggplant. Mercuric chloride hampers seed germination when seeds are treated with 0.1% solution above 2 min duration and lesser durations are not helpful in controlling in vitro contamination. The highest seed germination (89.97%) was recorded with 50% commercial bleach for 20 min in the genotype BL-3, followed by BR-16 (88.53%), BR-14 (86.19%), BL-5 (86.16%) and BSR-23 (85.57%). However, least number of seeds germinated in BR-18 (10.94%), BSR-25 (13.27%) and BL-7 (18.62%) when disinfected with 75% commercial bleach for 25min. Overall results revealed that 50% commercial bleach concentration (73.76%) was better than 75% (36.85%), and 20 min duration (60.82%) was better than 25 min (49.80%) for seed disinfection. Among the varieties, BL-3 was at the top (68.85%) and BR-18 at the lowest (34.16%) edge for per cent seed germination. Seedling growth (cm) with use of commercial bleach was quite satisfactory compared to disinfection with HgCl₂, where, 50% commercial bleach favored a good stand of plant lets even after 10 days, showing a healthy ischolar_main (3cm), hypocotyl (5cm) and cotyledons (1.5cm).

Keywords

Seed Germination, Seedling Growth, Culture Contamination, Bleach, Mercuric Chloride, Sodium Hypochlorite.

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Rajiv Saini ¹, A. S. Sidhu ², Daljeet Singh ¹, Ajay Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Crops, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, IN
2 Indian Institute of Horticulture Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore-560089, Karnataka, IN
3 Farm Advisory Service Scheme, Amritsar-143001, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Evaluation of 35 genotypes of tomato for yield, quality and fruit characters under net-house revealed that PCV was higher than GCV for most traits. High heritability, with moderate to high GCV and genetic gain, was recorded for number of fruits per plant, yield per plant, fruit weight, number of fruit-clusters per plant, polar diameter and number of flower-clusters per plant indicating, that, these characters could be improved by simple selection. Total yield per plant had positive and highly significant correlation with number of fruit-clusters per plant, number of flowerclusters per plant and fruit weight. Number of locules per fruit showed positive and significant correlation with fruit weight and equatorial diameter but, significant negative correlation with polar diameter. Maximum direct contribution to total yield per plant was made by number of fruits per plant, followed by number of locules per fruit.

Keywords

Tomato, Heritability, PCV, GCV, Growth, Yield, Quality Traits.

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Kuldeep Singh ¹, A. S. Sidhu ², Ajay Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Crops, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, IN
2 Indian Institute of Horticulture Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore-560089, IN
3 Farm Advisory Service Scheme, Amritsar-143001, IN

Abstract

An experiment was conducted with 14 parents and 40 F1s to study heterosis in brinjal. Crosses showing significant heterosis over the better parent were: HE12 X Aruna for first fruit set; BR-112 X Aruna for fruit length and diameter; Pant Samrat X Punjab Neelam for number of fruits per plant; H-7 X Aruna for fruit weight; H-9 X S-16 for total yield per plant; Negative heterosis were recorded in KT-4 X Aruna for borer and Pant in Rituraj X Punjab Neelam for nematode infestation.

Keywords

Brinjal, Heterosis, Yield, Better Parent.

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Bharat Bhushan ¹, A. S. Sidhu ¹, A. S. Dhatt ¹, Ajay Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Crops, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, IN

Abstract

The experimental material in brinjal (eggplant) comprised 19 parents (15 lines + 4 testers), 60 F₁ crosses and two standard checks (BH-1 and BH-2). This was grown in Randomized Block Design, with three replications. Lines vs. testers showed significance for all characters except plant height, plant spread, number of primary branches, dry matter, total sugars and total phenol. Analysis for parents vs. hybrids showed significance for all the characters except average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, plant spread and number of primary branches. Analysis of Variance for combining ability revealed mean squares due to lines and testers were significant for all the characters except plant height, plant spread, number of primary branches, total sugars, total phenol and content of anthocyanins. The ratio of variance due to specific combining ability and general combining ability (σ²SCA: σ²GCA) was greater than unity, indicating non-additive genetic control for all traits except plant spread and total phenols. Among the females, Punjab Barsati, PBR-91-1, RCMBL-1-1, BSR-11; and among the males, BB-93-C and U-8-61-3 were best general combiners for yield and yield components. Punjab Barsati was the best combiner for days to 50% flowering, days to first fruit harvest, number of fruits per plant and number of primary branches. The cross JBR-3-16 × PB-64 manifested best SCA effects for days to 50% flowering; PBR-91-1JBSR-98-2 for average fruit weight; BSR-11 × PB-64 for fruit length; BSR-11× U-8-61-3 for fruit girth, and the cross HABL-1 × JBSR-98-2 for yield per plant and per hectare.

Keywords

Brinjal, General Combining Ability, Specific Combining Ability, Additive Gene Action, Crosses.

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