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In 30 hemorrhagic cases sites of involvement in decreasing order were external and internal capsule 17 (28.3%), basal ganglia and lentiform nucleus 16 (26.6%), lobar 14 (23.3%), thalamus 4 (6.6%), Brainstem 1 (1.6%), vermis 1 (1.6%), cerebellum 1 (1.6%).

In 30 hemorrhagic cases, 27 (67.5%) lesions were seen in MCA territory. 4 (10%) in ACA territory, 3 (7.5%) in PCA territory, 6 (15%) in posterior fossa.

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Background: Breech is the most common malpresentation.There is hardly any Obstetrician who have not missed breech presentation occasionally during his/her professional carrier. Objective: An assessment of factors affecting the mode of delivery in breech presentation. Materials and Method: An analysis of one hundred cases of single tone pregnancies with breech presentation was done at a tertiary care hospital. Statistical analysis; findings were expressed in terms of simple proportion. Findings: Of the total one hundred breech delivery conducted, 46 percent were assisted breech deliveries, 5 percent were spontaneous breech deliveries, breech extraction was done in only 2 percent cases and 47 percent were Caesarean section. The fate of primae was, 61.70 % undergone C-section in comparison to their counterparts 34.01 % delivered vaginally. This points to the trend of primae with breech towards C-section. Similarily 66 percent multigravidae delivered vaginally showed that the maternal pelvis has stood the taste of a previous delivery. Conclusion: The authors reached to the conclusion that a shift towards modernization resulted in increase in C-section birth. This is not necessarily good thing. The woom in unnecessary surgeries is jeopardizing women health. Unwanted C-section is costlier than the natural birth and raises the risk of complications for the mother. Hence efforts must be made to bring awareness in the community because natural birth is the ideal one. Any C-section is to be performed in the interest of the mother and child-and that too after a careful evaluation. A regular antenatal check up ,close clinical monitoring during labour and timely intervention is always helpful.

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This combination established a use full differential diagnosis of erythrocyte disorders. The data provides a base line against which future studies of infants and children can be compared, though each Laboratory has to verify its own norms, it should be cautioned that different electronic counters yield different. Red Cell Distribution width (RDW) values, so there have to be when reporting reference values. The Red Cell Distribution width (RDW) may find its best use as a guide in the differential diagnosis of anemia rather than as a definitive test per se. In 1957 a study group of World Health Organization (W.H.O.) has expressed the view that in order to get a comprehensive picture of disease or health problem more and more studies have to be carried out, Garg Narendra K.(1). This prompted the authors to undertake this study.

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Methodology: One hundred cases of both sexes were selected from the Out Patient Department of Ophthalmology, of a medical college, belonging to various stages of cataract. Patients with history of Glaucoma surgery having Pterygium, Chalazion, Lids swelling didn't included in the study.

Statistical Analysis: were expressed in terms of simple proportion, Chi-square test.

Results and Conclusion: On analysis of the collected data, it has been noted that there is no significant relation could be found between preoperative astigmatism and age and sex of patients.

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Objective: To evaluate the role of Fine needle Aspiration Cytology and Imprint Cytodiagnosis in the diagnosis of Lymphadenopathy.

Materials and Methods: Eighteen patients having lumps as a clinical diagnosis, attended Surgical outdoor of a hospital attached to a medical college were included in the study. Lumps were subjected to fine needle aspiration cytology, excision then imprint smears, specimen thus obtained subjected to histological examination.

Statistical analysis: were expressed in terms of simple proportion

Findings: 94.44% and 5.55% accuracy and false negativity rate respectively was noted in both F.N.A.C. and Imprint cytodiagnosis, similarly false positivity rate was zero.

Conclusion: Fine needle aspiration cytology and imprint, both are simple, safe, reliable, easily learnt techniques and they save a lot of time, money, hospital beds stay and above all anxiety to the patient.

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Out of 50 patients, 5 (10%) patients were in age group of 31 t5o 40 years; 11(22%) in 41 to 50 years, 14 (28%) in 51 to 60 and 12 (24%) cases in the age group of 61 to 70 years. Out of 50 cases 30 (60%) and 20 (40%) respectively belong to rural and urban back ground respectively. On further analysis, 35 cases presented with disturbed consciousness, 15 cases had weakness, 14 had speech loss, fever was noted in 7 cases and convulsion was present in 4 cases. Vomiting was also present in 4 cases, headache was complaint of 5 cases and one case had vision loss. More than one symptoms were present in all patients.

The predominant presenting sign of motor weakness was seen in the 15 cases disturbed consciousness in 35 patients, 7^th cranial nerve involvement seen in 19 cases. Blood pressure was elevated in 31 cases. Out of 50 cases 22 had systemic hypertension as a associated disease, 5 cases had cardiac lesions, another 5 patients had past history of CVA, 2 patients had diabetes mellitus, 1 case was associated with pulmonary tuberculosis and one case had cerebral malaria. Out of 50 cases, 47 cases presented as hemiplegia, 2 had quadriplegia and only one had monoplegia.

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Back ground: Urinary diversion is made necessary for variety of conditions when it is no longer desirable to use the bladder as receptacle of urine.

Objectives: To know the facts about Transuretero - ureterostomy?

Material and Method: The study was carried out in Dept. of Surgery, Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Medical College, Raipur on five dogs of both sexes. All the dogs were healthy and carried weight ranging from 10 Kg. to 16 Kg.

Results and Inferences: Transsuretero-Ureterostomy, the procedure though technically a bit hazardous takes on an average 1 hour 45 mts. for its completion. 60 percent of the dogs of this group died during the period of observation. On autopsy anastomotic leak and urinary infection were the cause of death.

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Research Question: The menace of ignoring girls, peculiar in north and north-west regions, has now extended to entire country.

Material Methods: One hundred eleven children (Tribal 46 and Non Tribal 65) of both sexes belongs to zero to six years of age of a slum in Jagdalpur (BASTAR) tribal heart land of India were included in the study. Their weight for age was considered as an independent criterion for judging the status of girl child in comparisons to their male counter parts. Statistical Analysis: was expressed in terms of simple proportion and Chi - square test. Findings on comparison of age for weight in both tribal and non tribal community, an insignificant difference were noted for all age group of children.

Interpretation: This all indicate that community had been uncaring towards girl child.

Recommendations: (i) A new curriculum with objective of "mindset about gender perspectives must be changed" will have to be evolved for the school going children. (ii) Fees-free girl education (have knowledge be prosperous) i.e. voluntary payment of fee from primary to the highest degree level including technical education and be mandatory up to 14 years of age, without discrimination on account of caste, Religion, economic and social status etc. With special provision to the families comes under poverty line, for compensation as incentive for wages, the girl suppose to earn during her study period, must be made an integral and permanent part of all policies either proposed or going to be proposed for the progress and empowerment of the girls, (no amount is high enough to achieve the noble task of the progress and empowerment of the girls). (iii) As per trusteeship principle of the father of the nation "Mahatma Gandhi" the affluent class of the society, voluntary come forward to bear these expenses for this noble task.

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Research question: Cutaneous uretero-ileostomy is useful as an urinary diversion?

Material and Method: Experiment was carried out on five adult healthy dogs weighing ten to sixteen Kgs. of weight in the department of Surgery, Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur.

Statistical Analysis: Proportion etc. were applied as and when required.

Observations: Cutaneous ureterostomy the operative procedure on an average lasted for 3 hours 6 minutes, 80 percent dogs developed cutaneous ulcers all around the ileostomy stoma. 40 percent dogs died in the period of observation. On autopsy one dog died of intestinal anastomotic leak while one dog died of urteroileal leak. In rest of the 3 dogs the diversion was found to be working efficiently.

Conclusion: Cutaneous uretero-ileostomy is the most suitable and physiologically exceptable method of diversion, However cutaneous ulcers around stoma and intestinal anastomotic leak has considerably masked the merits of this method. It carries the least incidence of urinary leakage, stomal stenosis and ascending urinary tract infection.

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Objective: To know the incidence of disease as per various variables?

Material and Methods: One hundred cases suffering from Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media were included in the study .Various variables eg. Age, Sex, residential background, Socio-economic status, educational qualification if any etc. were recorded and analyzed.

Statistical analysis: were expressed in terms of simple proportion.

Results: 90 percent patients were under the age of 30 years. 61 percent males and 39 percent females. Similarly majority belongs to rural area. 60 percent were of low socio economic class.

Conclusion: An awareness campaign about the various causes of the disease have to be conducted among the community particularly in the rural area.

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