Informatics Publishing Limited

Uma ¹

Affiliations
1 Dayal Singh College, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Bharati Mukherjee, caught between two different worlds, seeks synthesis, conciliation, compromise and sense of living together, absorbing different influences. Mindsets and traditions in a human reality.

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Ajit ¹, A. K. Handa ², S. K. Dhyani ³, G. M. Bhat ⁴, A. R. Malik ⁴, V. Dutt ⁴, T. H. Masoodi ⁴, Uma ¹, Amit Jain ²

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi 284 003, IN
3 NRM-Division, ICAR, KAB-II, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
4 Camp-Wadura, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar 190 025, IN

Abstract

The dynamic carbon accounting model CO2FIX was used for evaluating carbon stocks and estimate greenhouse gas mitigation through tree-based systems, outside the forest area, in Kupwara district of Kashmir valley India. Primary survey results revealed that on an average, there were about 135 trees per hectare, existing on farmers' field. Malus (33.75%), populus (29.91%), salix (14.32%), juglans (6.68%) and robinia (4.7%) were dominant tree species. Paddy and maize are the dominant kharif crops, whereas rabi season is dominated by oilseeds and fodder crops. The carbon sequestration potential, all the three pools simultaneously (viz. tree, crop and soil), of existing agroforestry systems (AFS) has been predicted as 0.88 Mg C ha^-1 yr^-1. AFS at district level are estimated to sequester 146,996 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent annually, which may offset completely the greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture/irrigation sector on account of electricity consumption throughout the state of Jammu and Kashmir.

Keywords

Agroforestry Systems, Carbon Sequestration Potential, GHG Mitigation, Soil Carbon, Tree Biomass.

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Priti ¹, Uma ²

Affiliations
1 D.C.S.A., M.D.U. ,Rohtak, IN
2 D.C.S.A., M.D.U., Rohtak, IN

Abstract

One of the most common methods of communication involves the use of e-mail for personal messages or for business purposes. One of the major concerns of using the e-mails is the problem of e-mail spam. The worst part of the spam e-mails is that, these are invading the users without their consent and bombarding of these spam mails fills up the whole e-mail space of the user along with that, the issue of the wasting the network capacity and time consumption in checking and deleting the spam mails makes it even more concerning issue. With the increasing demand of removing the e-mail spams the area has become magnetic to the researchers. This paper intends to present the performance comparison analysis of various pre-existing classification technique. This paper discusses about spam mails in section (I), In section (II) various feature selection methods are discussed , In section (III) classification techniques concept in spam filtering has been elaborated, In section (IV) existing algorithms for classification are discussed and are compared. In section (V) concludes the paper giving brief summary of the work.

Keywords

Classification, E-mail Threats, Spam Filtering, Efficiency , Feature Selection.

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