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Kumar Manish ¹, Ranjana ², J. R. Keshari ³, Rai Yogesh Kumar ⁴, Sinha Kumari Indu ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sheikhpura, Patna, Bihar, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, Patna Medical College, Patna, Bihar, IN
3 Department of Biochemistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sheikhpura, Patna, Bihar, IN
4 Department of Biochemistry, Saraswati Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, UP, IN

Abstract

This study was designed to compare the clinical cure produced by two most commonly used drugs i.v. Amphotericin B and oral Miltefosine in cases of visceral leishmaniasis. It was an observational and cross-sectional study. This study was conducted on two groups A and B, each had fifty patients and given I.V. Amphotericin B and oral Miltefosine respectively. 100% of cases became afebrile by 12th day in group A while by 14th day in group B. Reduction in mean size of spleen was significant (p<0.01) at 15th day in group A patients while by 22nd day (p<0.05) in group B. 100% of cases had non palpable spleen after 22nd day till the end of 6th month in group A but remained palpable till 6th month in 4 cases in group B. Reduction in mean size of liver was significant (p<0.05) on 15th day in group A while 22nd day (p<0.05) in group B patients. Liver was not palpable after 22nd day of treatment in group A while in group B it was not palpable after 2nd month. These results suggest that the clinical cure achieved in terms of response on fever and rate of spleen and liver regression in group A patients were more faster than group B patients.

Keywords

I.V. Amphotericin B, Oral Miltefosine, Response on Fever, Regression of Spleen and Liver Size

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Kumar Manish ¹, Ranjana ², J. R. Keshari ³, Sinha Kumari Indu ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sheikhpura, Patna, Bihar, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, Patna Medical College, Patna, Bihar, IN
3 Department of Biochemistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sheikhpura, Patna, Bihar, IN

Abstract

This study was designed to compare the hepatic and renal markers in treatment with two most commonly used drugs I.V. Amphotericin B and oral Miltefosine in diagnosed cases of KALA-AZAR. This was an 'OBSERVATIONAL' and 'CROSS-SECTIONAL' study. This study was conducted on two groups each had fifty patients. I.V. Amphotericin B and oral Miltefosine were given to group A and B respectively. Rise of serum bilirubin was not significant (p>0.05) in either group. Mean SGPT and SGOT level were more in group B than that of group A. But the rise in mean SGPT and SGOT level was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Rise in BUN was significant (p<0.01) by the 15th day in Group A patients but it did not cross the normal limit. There was not significant (p 0.05) rise in the mean serum creatinine level during treatment in patients of both groups.

Fall in serum Potassium level was significant (p<0.05) at 22nd and 30th day of treatment in group A patients while the fall was not significant (p>0.05) in group B patients. These results suggest that during treatment hepatic and renal markers were not altered significantly which warrant the withdrawal of the drug in both groups. It is highly recommended that serial monitoring of hepatic and renal markers are useful parameters in anti kala-azar therapy.

Keywords

I.V. Amphotericin B, Oral Miltefosine, Serum bilirubin, SGPT, SGOT, BUN, Serum creatinine, serum Potassium

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Anamika ¹, Ranjana ², A. P. Mishra ²

Affiliations
1 P.G. Department of Zoology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar, Bihar University, MUZAFFARPUR (BIHAR), IN
2 P.G. Department of Zoology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar, Bihar University, MUZAFFARPUR (BIHAR), IN

Abstract

The present study is aimed to assess the histopathological impact of lethal (0.3 ppm) and sub lethal (0.06 ppm) concentrations of profenofos in the ovary of an air breathing fresh water teleost Channa gachua. Reduced size of mature oocytes, vacuolation in cytoplasm, damaged ovarian follicles, increase in inter-follicular space, breaking of ovarian wall, occurrence of necrosis, damaged structure of ovarian follicles, formation of fragmented ova and atretic oocytes and extrusion of karyoplasms was observed in mature oocytes.

Keywords

Profenofos, Histopathology, Channa gachua, Ovary.

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Ranjana ¹, Sonia Rani ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The present study explores the relationship between parenting styles and need. Sample comprised of 400 students (226 females +174 males) between the age group of 17 to 22 years (mean age-19.5 years) studying at various colleges of Haiyana. Tools used for data collection were the (1) Parental authority questionnaire, (2) Tripathi Personal Preference Schedule,chosen after acomprehensive review of related literature. Subjects were contacted in groups and data was collected. The responses were scored and statistically analyzed. Pearson's correlation was calculated. Results indicated that Permissiveness dimension of Mother's parenting style correlated positively with Change need whereas Permissiveness dimension of Father's parenting style correlated positively with Succorance need and negatively with Dominance need. Authoritarian dimension of Mother's parenting style indicated positive correlation with Abasement need and Nurturance need and negative correlation with Heterosexuality whereas Authoritarian dimension of Father's parenting style correlated positively with Affiliation need and Nurturance need and negatively with Aggression need. Authoritative dimension of Mother's parenting style has shown a positive correlation with Interception need. Abasement need and Change need, and negative correlation with Exhibition need, Heterosexuality need and Aggression need. On the other hand Authoritative dimension ofFather's parenting style correlated positively with Interception need. Abasement need and Nurturance need and correlated negatively with Heterosexuality need.

Keywords

Parenting Styles, Needs, Students.

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Ranjana ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, IN

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of organizational climate as an enhancer of general well being. A random sample of 200 lecturers serving in different colleges of Kurukshetra and Karnal districts were administered with Organizational Climate Inventory (OCI) developed by Chattopadhyay and Agrawal (1976) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) developed by Goldberg (1967). Eleven factors of OCI and six factors of GHQ were confronted by product moment method of correlation. The 17 x 17 intercorrelation matrix for 200 subjects was processed by principal component method of factor analysis. Four factors were extracted and interpreted after varimax rotation. Results of the study revealed that motivational level of organizational climate was positively related with somatic complaints of general health. However, factors support system, identity problems, warmth and organizational structure of OCI showed negative relationship with factors depression, anxiety and sleep of general health Participants who perceived their organizational climate as having lesser support system, warmth, poor organizational structure and who experienced problems of identification tended to have more health problems.

Keywords

Organizational Climate, Health.

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Ranjana ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Emotions are great motivating forces throughout the span of human life; affecting aspirations, actions and thoughts of an individual and one requires a higher emotional maturity to lead a happy and effective life. It is very important to study the emotional aspects of adolescents as they lead their normal lives. The current study was planned to analyze the relationship between emotional maturity and general health factors. The sample consists of 144 adolescents studying in class XI and XII, taken from private schools in Haryana. 'Emotional maturity scale' (Yashvir Singh & Mahesh Bhargava 1984).was administered on the selected sample to assess emotional maturity and General health questionnaire (GHQ 60-Goldberg-1967), was used for measuring various health related dimensions of these adolescents. The data were analyzed by using Pearson's Product Moment correlation and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that (i) Emotional instability, emotional regression, Social Maladjustment, personality disintegration and lack of independence, all the five dimensions of Emotional Maturity have significant positive correlations with sleep, social functioning. Anxiety and depression (ii) Stepwise regression analysis revealed two predictors of health i.e. Personality Disintegration and Emotional Instability.

Keywords

Emotional Maturity, General Health, Adolescents and Wellbeing.

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Ranjana ¹, Nandini Moudgil ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Aggression is defined as an intentional injury or harm to another person and is a widely researched area. More so, because attempts at curbing aggression had been futile so far and thereby, necessitating the need to study aggression at the earliest possible stages of development as prevention is always better than cure. Identification of correlates of aggressive behaviour at an earlier age would be beneficial for preventing aggressive tendencies and maybe helpful in devising a preventive and developmental counselling program so that the impact of negative traits maybe reduced, if not eliminated. Self esteem and parenting styles have been implicated in research aimed at identifying factors associated with aggression. Self esteem is our overall self-evaluation and Child rearing styles are combination of parenting behaviours that occur over a wide range of situations, creating an enduring child rearing climate. The present study was conducted to analyze the relationship between aggression, self esteem and parenting styles. The participants comprised of 100 students belonging to the age range of 18-20 yrs, selected randomly from educational institutions in Haryana. Aggression questionnaire developed by Arnold Buss and Warren (2000) was used to assess aggression level of the sample selected. Self esteem inventory developed by Stanley Cooper smith (1989)was used to find out the level of self esteem of the subjects and Parental authority questionnaire developed by John Bun was used to assess the parenting styles from the point of view of the subjects. The data were analyzed using the Pearson's Product Moment correlation and stepwise regression analysts. The results revealed significant positive correlation between aggression and authoritarian mother (p<0.05), and a significant negative correlation with flexible father (p<0.01).Self esteem was found to have a significant negative correlation with Authoritarian father (p<0.01), and authoritarian mother (p<0.01), but a significant positive correlation with flexible father and mother, both (p<0.01). Step wise regression analysts revealed that different parenting styles were strong predictors of aggression.

Keywords

Authoritarian and Authoritative Parenting Style, Permissive Parenting Style, Self Esteem, Aggression.

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Ranjana ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The study was aimed to find out the relationship between personality and family environment on the basis of gender. The sample consisted of 200 students (100 boys and 100 girls), studying in different colleges of Kurukshetra district of Haryana. The age of the participants ranged between 17 and 21 years. The NEO- Personality Inventory and, Family Environment Scale were administered to collect data. The data were analyzed by using Pearson's Product Moment correlation and t test. The results of t test indicated significant difference in scores of neuroticism, agreeableness, active recreation orientation and organization for males and females. Females' correlation analysis indicated that neuroticism has strong negative correlations with cohesion, independence, active recreational orientation and organization and positive correlation with conflict. Extrovert personality has significant positive correlations with all the dimensions of family environment excluding expressiveness and moral religious orientation. Conscientiousness demonstrated strong positive correlations with achievement orientation, intellectual-cultural, active-recreational orientation and conflict. However, no association was found between openness and agreeableness, dimensions of personality with family environment. On the other hand male correlation analysis revealed that openness has strong positive correlation with independence, achievement orientation, intellectual and active recreational orientation. Agreeableness demonstrated positive correlation with cohesion and two strong negative correlations with conflict and control. Conscientious personality has strong positive correlation with moral religious orientation and organization. Neuroticism and extraversion were not found correlating with family environment.

Keywords

Personality, Family Environment, Gender Differences.

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Ranjana ¹, Nandini Moudgil ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IN

Abstract

In order to explain the influences of emotional intelligence on the development of personality traits, and, intelligence on the basis of gender, the study was conducted on 200 students (100 boys&amp;100 girls), studying m different colleges of Kurukshetra district of Haiyana. The age of the participants ranged between 17 and 21 years. The participants were investigated using Raven Standard Progressive Matrices (1983), The NEO- Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1991) Emotional Intelligence scale (Mangal & Mangal, 2004). The data were analyzed by using Pearson's Product Moment correlation and t test. The results of t test indicated significant difference m scores of intelligence, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, Intra-Personal Awareness, Inter-Personal Awareness and Inter-Personal Management, for males and females. Females' correlation analysis indicated that neuroticism has strong negative correlations with Intra-Personal Awareness .Extrovert personality has significant positive correlations with Intra-Personal Management. Openness demonstrated significant positive correlations with Intra-Personal Management and Inter-Personal Management. Agreeableness also correlated positively with Inter-Personal Awareness and Inter-Personal Management. However no association was found between Conscientiousness and Emotional intelligence. On the other hand male correlation analysis revealed strong negative correlation of mtelhgence with Intra-Personal and Inter-Personal Management. Extraversion demonstrated strong positive correlations with Intra-Personal Awareness, Inter-Personal Awareness and Intra- Personal Management. Opemiess correlated positively and significantly with Inter-Personal Awareness and Inter- Personal Management. Agreeableness demonstrated negative correlation with Intra-Personal Management. Neuroticism and Conscientious were not found correlating with emotional intelligence. These results have important implications m regard to our current understanding of the relationships between Emotional Intelligence, intelligence and personality.

Keywords

Emotional Intelligence, Intelligence, Personality.

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Ranjana ¹, Nandini Moudgil ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The internet is extensively used by adolescents today and excessive use has been found to have adverse consequences. Young (1996) has defined problematic Internet-using behavior as 'Internet addiction'. Internet addiction is characterized by 'difficulty in real life due to internet over-use', 'excessive time spent on the internet or replacement of genuine real relationships with superficial virtual ones' or 'weakness in self-control about internet use and if withdrawn, falling in psychological confusion. Internet addiction has been reported to be associated with depression and anxiety. Anxiety is a mental health constructs and brain response that warns of danger and prepares for upcoming challenges. On the one hand, it can act as motivational construct to take actions and on the other hand, it can act as an escapism mechanism. Depression involves persistent sad mood and hopelessness or loss of interest or pleasure in life .The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship of internet addiction with anxiety and depression and to study the gender differences, among adolescents. The participants comprised of 85 students belonging to the age range of 14 to 16 yrs, from various educational institutions in Haryana. Internet addiction test (Young, 1998) was used to assess internet addiction level of the sample selected. BDI-II (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996) was used to assess level of depression among adolescents. To assess anxiety. State trait anxiety inventory (Speilberger, Gorsuch, &  Lushene, 1983) was used. Pearson product moment correlation and t-test were used to analyze the data. It was found that depression and anxiety correlate well with internet addiction. T-test revealed significant differences between girls and boys on internet addiction and depression.

Keywords

Depression, Anxiety, Internet Addiction.

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Ranjana ¹, Sanjeev Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Personality is a set of psychological qualities or dispositions that may affect individual behaviour (Zimbardo, Weber, & Johnson, 2000). Subjective well-being is a psychological component of quality of life. The current study was planned to analyze the relationship between well-being and personality. The sample consists of 423 undergraduates, studying in different colleges of Karnal and Yamunanagar districts of Haryana, and Roorkee and Haridwar, districts of Uttarakhand. Well-being inventory (Sell & Nagpal, 1992) and The Neo- personality inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1991) were used to measure the Big Five personality traits and psychological well-being. The data were analyzed by using Pearson's Product Moment correlation and stepwise Regression. Results showed that (i) neuroticism - a factor of personality was inversely related to all the three dimensions of psychological well-being and (ii) extroversion dimension of personality evidenced strong positive associations with three dimensions of well-being well-being (iii) Conscientiousness dimension of personality also correlated significantly with two dimensions of well-being i.e. well-being positive affect and overall well-being. Stepwise regression analysis revealed two predictors of well-being i.e. Extraversion and Neuroticism. These results have important implications with regard to our current understanding of the relationships between well-being and personality.

Keywords

Subjective Well-Being, Personality, Neuroticism.

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