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Rajiv ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science, C.S. Azad Universi, IN

Abstract

On-farm trials were conducted at 3 locations of 3 villages in Firozabad district during Rabi season of 2006-07 and 2007-08 under farmer's own management to evaluate the best combination of chemical fertilizers with organic sources for sustainable productivity and economic viability of potato crop. The 100% NPK through chemical fertilizers and 50 and 75 % NPK through chemical fertilizers with vermicompost @ 5 t/ha, Nadep compost @ 20 t/ha and farm yard manure @ 20 t/ha were applied and tested. Application of 75% NPK through chemical fertilizers along with 5 t/ha vermicompost gave highest tuber yield of 336 q/ha with 41.17 per cent higher yield as compared to farmer's practice followed by 75% NPK through chemical fertilizers along with 20 t/ha nadep compost and FYM. Among different integrated nutrient management treatments of organic sources along with 75 % NPK through chemical fertilizers, vermicompost was found best compared to nadep compost and FYM in respect of higher tuber yield but net return and B:C ratio were high with Nadep compost followed by FYM. However, the maximum net return of Rs. 60,990/- and highest B:C ratio of 1:2.6 were recorded from application of 75% NPK through chemical fertilizers + 20 t/ha nadep compost. The minimum net return of Rs. 34,227/- and lowest B:C ratio of 1:1.7 were noted in farmer's practice. These results indicate that application of 75 % NPK through chemical fertilizers along with vermicompost @5 t/ha or nadep compost @ 20 t/ha or FYM @ 20 t/ha saved 25 % NPK and maintained the soil health for sustainable production.

Keywords

Farm Yard Manure, Inm, Nadep Compost, Potato, Vermicompost

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Rajiv ¹, H. G. Prakash ¹, D. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science, C.S.A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, U.P., IN

Abstract

Half-field demonstrations were conducted on pulses, oilseeds and wheat with improved technologies against farmer's practices at farmer's fields during 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010-11in Hamirpur district of Bundelkhand zone in Uttar Pradesh. Improved techniques included mainly the improved crop variety, proper sowing method and maintenance of optimum plant stand, rhizobium seed inoculation in pulses, optimum fertilizer application and proper weed control. In all the demonstrations conducted were 351 in pigeonpea, 687 in chickpea, 435 in field pea, 255 in lentil, 1055 in sesame, 722 in mustard and 1609 in wheat. The results showed that improved techniques increased seed yield over farmer's practices by the margins of 6.93 q/ha or 107.9 % in pigeonpea, 10.77 q/ha or 113.8 % in chickpea, 8.79 q/ha or 71.5 % in field pea, 6.22 q/ha or 75.2 % in lentil, 1.57 q/ha or 135.3 % in sesame, 7.35 q/ha or 89.0 % in mustard, 15.81 q/ha or 60.1 % in wheat T. aestivum and 17.63 q/ha or 81.0 % in wheat T. durum. Net profit due to improved techniques increased maximum of Rs.20665/ha in chickpea followed by Rs.16734/ ha in pigeonpea. Lowest of Rs.3462/ha net profit was increased in sesame. These results indicate that there are great possibilities of increasing productivity and profitability of above crops with adoption of improved techniques in Hamirpur district of Uttar Pradesh.

Keywords

Demonstration, Pulses, Oilseeds, Wheat, Improved Techniques, Yield, Net Profit

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Rajiv ¹

Affiliations
1 Vegetable Research Station, C.S.A. University of Agriculture and Technology, KANPUR (U.P.), IN

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2010-11 to 2012-13 at Vegetable Research Station Kalyanpur, Kanpur (U.P.) in which intercroppings of potato + frenchbean in 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2 row ratios were tested against sole crops of potato and frenchbean. Based on 3 year results, intercropping adversely affected the yield of potato from 30.2 to 68.2 per cent and that of frenchbean from 58.7 to 82.3 per cent. Total productivity in terms of potato equivalent yield was highest of 38.48 t/ha in sole potato which also earned significantly highest of Rs. 151149/ha net return. Among intercroppings, 2:1 row ratio of potato + frenchbean registered higher productivity of 30.76 t/ha potato equivalent yield and Rs. 126619/ha net return. All intercroppings recorded LER value less than one which showed that in present study, intercropping neither proved productive nor profitable compared to sole potato. Further studies are needed in this respect.

Keywords

Potato, Frenchbean, Intercropping, Productivity, Economics.

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Rajiv ¹, Manohar Lal ¹, Meenakshi Sridhar ²

Affiliations
1 School of Computer and Information Science, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi-110068, IN
2 Department of Computer Science, Rajdhani Collage, New Delhi-110015, IN

Abstract

Education affects human life deeply. In the educational process, technology is playing ever increasing role - both in quality and in its reach or accessibility covering diverse sections of the society. Recent research has revealed how rich web applications in education can significantly enhance quality of teaching and learning. The currently most used web version is Web 2.0. Web 2.0 is an approach towards the use of Internet based technologies, which provides access to a range of layouts (platforms) and languages that belong to a social framework based on communities and networks. Web 2.0 can provide various benefits to learners ranging from different disciplines for Arts, Communication, Education, Mathematics, Engineering, and Sciences particularly to get digital form of latest information&knowledge in an efficient and effective manner. Web 2.0 can play a key role in the delivery of education by providing platform for effective student participation, educational networking, fast query response and collaborative learning. This paper addresses the challenge of engaging teachers&learners in opening up the learning environment through the use of Web 2.0 tools. This paper also suggests&analyzes potential uses of Web 2.0 tools in improving effective delivery of learning&in enhancing learning experiences.

Keywords

Web 2.0, Online Learning, e-Learning, Education Technology, Network Education Supporting System.

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Sarita Rana ¹, Rajiv ², S. Kalsi ¹, Mani Ram Burra ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, University College, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, IN
2 Department of Zoology, M. L. N. College, Yamuna Nagar, IN
3 Department of Zoology GMN(PG) College Ambala Cantt.-133001 (Haryana), IN

Abstract

Attempts were made to map species distribution to consider identification of appropriate surrogates (i.e. habitat features, food, climatic zones and various biotic factors). The use of sophisticated technologies, particularly Remote Sensing and GIS, has opened up a new paradigm in mapping spatial pattern of species distribution and wildlife habitat (Worah et al.,1989, Buckland and Elston, 1993, Mladenoff et al, 1995, Nagendra and Gadgil, 1999, Cough and Rushton, 2000).

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Rajiv ¹

Affiliations
1 Vegetable Research Station (C.S.A.U.A.T.) Kalyanpur, Kanpur (U.P.), IN

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) at Vegetable Research Station Kalyanpur, Kanpur (U.P.) during 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13 in sandy loam soil. Six different treatments of organic fertilization were tested against the control treatment of recommended inorganic NPK fertilizers. Organic treatments consisted crop residue incorporation, its management, biofertilizers (Azotobacter and phosphobacteria), vermicompost @ 5 t ha^-1 or FYM @ 20 t ha^-1 and recommended N based FYM application alone. Based on pooled data over years, treatment of recommended NPK fertilizers (180 kg N + 80 kg P₂O₅ + 100 kg K₂O ha^-1) produced highest potato tuber yield of 35.04 t ha^-1 and earned maximum of Rs. 125177 ha^-1 net return. It was followed by N based FYM application with 32.66 t ha^-1 yield and Rs.109814 ha^-1 net return. The treatment of crop residue management + biofertilizers + vermocompost @ 5 t ha^-1 also produced considerable potato yield of 30.26 t ha^-1 with Rs. 100543 ha^-1 net return. Therefore, these two organics practices may serve as alternative of NPK inorganic fertilizers without much reduction in yield and net return and fear of pollution hazards.

Keywords

Potato, Organics, Biofertilizers, Inorganic Fertilizers, Production, Economics.

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