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- Assessment of Psychosocial Problems and Coping Strategies among Postmenopausal Women in a Selected Rural and Urban Area at Ludhiana
Authors
1 Guru Nanak College of Nursing, Gopalpur, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN
Source
International Journal of Nursing Education and Research, Vol 4, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 313-326Abstract
Background of the study:
Cessation of menstruation termed as menopause is the most striking feature during the period of transition from the reproductive to the non-reproductive stage of life. Due to hormonal changes women may experience a wide range of physical, psychological and social problems. Issues associated with their fertility and decreased reproductive functioning makes them feel less desirable in the society. Psychological symptoms cause more damage to daily life and are also most often neglected. Stress due to transition includes adjusting to the changing self, adapting to alterations in sexuality caused by hormonal shifts. Coping strategies help the women to overcome these problems and lead a normal life.
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the psychosocial problems and coping strategies of postmenopausal women in selected communities of Ludhiana.
Objectives of the study:
The objectives of the study are;
1. To determine the level of psychosocial problems among postmenopausal women
2 To find out the coping strategies among postmenopausal women.
3. To find the association of psychosocial problems and coping strategies with the demographic variables.
Method: A descriptive survey approach was used for the study. The sample consisted of 50 postmenopausal women, selected by purposive random sampling method. Data was collected by structured interview schedule on psychosocial problems and coping strategies among postmenopausal women prepared by the investigator. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The findings showed that 37(74%) of postmenopausal women were having moderate psychosocial problems, 13(26%) of them were having mild psychosocial problems and none of them were having severe psychosocial problems. Majority (74%) of the postmenopausal women adopted adequate coping strategies and the least (26%) of them adopted inadequate coping strategies.
The study showed that there is a significant association of the level of psychosocial problems with the selected demographic variables like educational status, monthly income, religion, most supportive person in the family and the duration of menopause. The calculated χ2 value of educational status (χ2 = 7.68), monthly income (χ2 =24.88), religion (χ2 = 8.14), the most supportive person in the family (χ2 = 13.93) and duration of menopause in years (χ2 = 12.75) were more than the table values at 0.05 level of significance. Hence null hypothesis is rejected and research hypothesis is accepted. The findings also shows that there is no significant association of the level of psychosocial problems with the selected demographic variables like age, marital status, occupation, type of family, member of any social groups, parity and age of achievement of menopause. The calculated Chi-square value for age (χ2 =3.06), marital status (χ2 =2.71), occupation (χ2 =1.33), type of family (χ2 =0.24), member of any social groups (χ2 = 0), parity (χ2 = 4.04) and age of achievement of menopause (χ2 = 1.05) were less than the table value, hence the null hypothesis is accepted.
The study showed that there was a significant association of the level of coping strategies with the selected demographic variables like age, marital status, educational status, occupation, monthly income, age of achievement of menopause and duration of menopause (in years). The calculated χ2 value of age (χ2 =11.52), marital status (χ2 = 10.52), educational status (χ2 = 8.86), occupation (χ2 = 4.63), monthly income (χ2 = 15.92), age of achievement of menopause (χ2 = 7.98) and duration of menopause in years (χ2 = 10.45) were more than the tables value at 0.05 level of significance. Hence null hypothesis is rejected and research hypothesis is accepted. The findings also shows that there is no significant association of the level of coping strategies with the selected demographic variables like religion, type of family, member of any social groups and parity. The calculated Chi-square value for religion (χ2 =3.85), type of family (χ2 = 1.27), member of any social groups (χ2 = 0) and parity (χ2 = 0.78) were less than the table value, hence the null hypothesis is accepted.
Interpretation and conclusion: The finding of the study have certain important implications for the nursing profession such as in nursing practice, nursing education, nursing research and nursing administration. This study was conducted with the objective to assess the psychosocial problems and coping strategies among postmenopausal women at Ludhiana.
Keywords
Assess, Psychosocial Problems, Coping Strategies, Postmenopausal Women.
- Use of CAD in Automobile & Textile Industeries with Various Innovative Applications
Authors
1 Department of Textile Engineering, GzsPtu Campus, Bathinda-151001, Punjab), IN
2 Department of Computer Science Engineering, GzsPtu Campus, Bathinda-151001, Punjab, IN
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, GzsPtu Campus, Bathinda-151001, Punjab, IN
Source
Research Cell: An International Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol 13 (2014), Pagination: 24-30Abstract
CAD is industry specific design system using computer as a tool. CAD is used to design anything from an automobile to Textile Industries. Originally CAD was used in designing high precision machinery. Automobile and fashion designing companies face significant challenges to remain competitive in today's industry, including supplying innovative collections at the right price, controlling margins, designing personalized garments, enhancing brand image, building customer loyalty and expanding business horizons. So We need to have a better understanding of how some of this technology may benefit the textiles industry, how these developing systems can be most successfully implemented, and how we can use these systems to the greatest advantage to serve our customers, today and in the future.Keywords
Introduction, Factors Affecting CAD System, Advantages of CAD in Automobile & in Textile, CAD Softwares, Latest Technologies in Automobiles, Latest Technologies in Textile Industries.Full Text
- A Survey of Various Fault Tolerance Checkpointing Algorithms in Distributed System
Authors
1 Department of Computer Science, Amity University, Haryana, IN
Source
International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, Vol 7, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 2682-2689Abstract
A distributed system is a collection of independent entities that cooperate to solve a problem that cannot be individually solved. Checkpoint is defined as a fault tolerant technique. It is a save state of a process during the failure-free execution, enabling it to restart from this checkpointed state upon a failure to reduce the amount of lost work instead of repeating the computation from beginning. The process of restoring form previous checkpointed state is known as rollback recovery. A checkpoint can be saved on either the stable storage or the volatile storage depending on the failure scenarios to be tolerated. Checkpointing is major challenge in mobile ad hoc network. The mobile ad hoc network architecture is one consisting of a set of self configure mobile hosts(MH) capable of communicating with each other without the assistance of base stations, some of processes running on mobile host. The main issues of this environment are insufficient power and limited storage capacity. This paper surveys the algorithms which have been reported in the literature for checkpointing in distributed systems as well as Mobile Distributed systems.Keywords
Checkpointing, Distributed Systems, Fault Tolerance, Mobile Computing System, Rollback Recovery.Full Text
- Impact of Training on Processing of Milk and Milk Products on Rural Schedule Caste Women
Authors
1 Department of Extension Education and Communication Management I.C. College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, IN
Source
International Journal of Education and Management Studies, Vol 8, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 424-427Abstract
The present study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state. From selected blocks, seven villages, namely Sulakhni and Balawas from Hisar-I block, Ludas and Patan from Hisar-II block, Dhanakurd, Ramayan, and Beer Hansi from Hansi-I block were selected by random technique. The focus of the study was to analyse the impact assessment of training on processing of milk and milk products on rural schedule caste women. Sufficient knowledge was recorded for all components of milk and milk products and knowledge level of trainees was found high, majority of the respondents had higher knowledge about sweet lassi as evident by their mean score (4.25) followed by cream(4.00), paneer (3.20), flavored milk(3.16), Chhana (2.83) and burfi (1.29). Skill acquisition of respondents was of medium level of the training. Attitude of respondents was found favourable.Keywords
Knowledge, Milk and Milk Products, Skill, Attitude, Rural Women.References
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