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Komal,
- 4G Technology
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International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Vol 6, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 67-73Abstract
The ever increasing growth of user demand, the limitations of the third generation of wireless mobile communication systems and the emergence of new mobile broadband technologies on the market have brought researchers and industries to a thorough reflection on the fourth generation. A pragmatic definition of 4G derived from a new user-centric methodology that considers the user as the "cornerstone" of the design. In this way, the fundamental user scenarios that implicitly reveal the key features of 4G, which are then expressed explicitly in a new framework-the "user-centric" system that describes the various level of interdependency among them. This approach consequently contributes to the identification of the real technical step-up of 4G with respect to 3G. It is supposed to provide its customers with better speed and all IP based multimedia services. 4G is all about an integrated, global network that will be able to provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data and streamed multimedia can be given to users on an "Anytime, Anywhere" basis.
- Livelihood, Sustainability and the Poor in India-Challenges in Creating Income Earning Opportunities for a Sustainable Future
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Authors
Swapan Garain
1,
Komal
1
Affiliations
1 Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, IN
1 Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, IN
Source
Review of Professional Management- A Journal of New Delhi Institute of Management, Vol 10, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 14-21Abstract
According to World Bank Development Indicator Report of 2004, about 300 million people in India live below poverty line. This section of Indian population is socially, economically and politically disadvantaged. In order to empower them, Governmental and Non-governmental voluntary agencies, business houses and philanthropic individuals have been focusing on employment generation and creating means of livelihood for them. Attempts have been made to generate income and employment for them in sectors such as Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises(MSME), urban informal sector, and non-profit institutes. But one needs to observe whether or not in the process of employment generation in issues such as viability of such tiny entrepreneurial models, social compliance, environmental concern and long term sustainability of economic activities get compromised and lost. Absence of any appropriate and regulatory mechanisms for said sectors may have been further aggravating those issues.
The paper will impinge upon the critical need for addressing the long term sustainability of business activities being promoted under the camouflage of social mission of development organisations. The paper argues against those businesses that operate on the common pretext of being engaged in social sector, addressing needs of the poor and dispossessed, working on vulnerability and social exclusion but not able to pay much attention to environmental and sustainability issues. This paper suggests that since nonprofit organizations are far from being economical and environmentally viable, it is necessary to look into aspects of the sustainability and environmental perspective of business activities of these NGOs.
Now the challenge is to combine issues of livelihood and employment with the objective of sustainability and environmental protection. The paper provides some cases of NGO's which are working meaning fully for the environment and sustainability.
Full Text
- Monitoring and Control System for Precision Farming using WSN
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Authors
Affiliations
1 MIT College of Engineering, Pune, IN
2 MITCOE, Pune, IN
1 MIT College of Engineering, Pune, IN
2 MITCOE, Pune, IN
Source
Networking and Communication Engineering, Vol 4, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 16-21Abstract
With the recent advancements in technology, it is expected that the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) will be used in most of the commonly used applications which include consumer electronics, PC peripherals, home automation, home security, personal healthcare, toys and games, intelligent agriculture. In this paper, we explore the applicability of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in a real life context such as for modern agricultural approach to monitor and control soil moisture, soil fertility level and pest growth. Based on a detailed exploration of information needs, we design a series of precise use cases, provide system design, implementation and present a simulation including an interface to wireless sensors for amateurs. We suggest automation of environment monitoring and control, and of tasks that would demand too much time and resources if manually done. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consisting of nodes with limited power are deployed to gather useful information from the field. In WSNs it is critical to collect the information in an energy efficient manner. Using Ant Colony Algorithm we try to make the aggregation energy efficient.Keywords
Sensor Nodes, Ant Colony Algorithm, Drip Irrigation, Fertilizer Tank, Sprinkler.- Business Sharing its Progress with Villagers Towards Developing Model Villages
Abstract Views :148 |
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Authors
Swapan Garain
1,
Komal
2
Affiliations
1 Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, IN
2 GAIL (India) Limited, New Delhi, IN
1 Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, IN
2 GAIL (India) Limited, New Delhi, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol 1, No 1 (2015), Pagination: 9-31Abstract
In a developing country like India, village centric development is very critical for improving Human Development Index of the country. In this direction, corporate contribution assumes significance for rehabilitation and resettlement of project affected people and overall intervention under its corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative. Since India is a country of villages, CSR has to be more sensitive towards the economic, social and cultural needs of rural society of the country.
In this paper, it is proposed to gear all interventions for promoting model villages. Model village presents a credible vehicle for bringing about sustainability of a village community unit. A model village must have three significant components of infrastructure development, livelihood promotion and provision of services. Infrastructure development must cater to creating basic physical as well as social infrastructure like approach road, school building, community centre and social capital. Promotion of livelihood includes skill training, self-employment, employment opportunities and village enterprise development, while provision for services for the villagers includes health care, education, sanitation, recreational and other community services. Model village plan envisages a self-contained village community at the apex of all the pillars of sustainability, namely, livelihood, infrastructure and services. The future of Indian economy and the prospect of industry are going to depend largely on building sustainable and self-maintained smallest self-governing units called model villages.
Keywords
Model Village, CSR, Social Development, Village, Corporate Social Responsibility, Participatory, India, NGO, CBO.- Exploring Effectiveness of Communication Based Strategies in Countering the Rigid Schematic Effects of Gender Stereotypes
Abstract Views :150 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, K.N.C., University of Delhi, Delhi, IN
1 Department of Psychology, K.N.C., University of Delhi, Delhi, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, Vol 7, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 343-347Abstract
In the present study, an attempt was made to test the impact of schematic augmentation using techniques of verbalization and labeling on primary recognition for schemas inconsistent information. Overall the results indicated a significant effect of different communication techniques focusing on cognitive elaboration on the resultant augmentation of schematic structure.Keywords
Schemas, Labeling, Verbalization, Gender Consistent, Gender Inconsistent.- Role of Trade in Growth and Poverty Reduction:A Review of Literature with Special Reference to India
Abstract Views :183 |
PDF Views:140
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, IN
1 Department of Commerce, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, IN
Source
FOCUS : Journal of International Business, Vol 4, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 101-123Abstract
The growing volumes of international trade and lowering of tariff barriers have triggered continuing debate and analysis on the impact of international trade on poverty. The United Nations has identified eradication of poverty-especially of extreme poverty-as its number one Millennium Development Goal (MDG). This paper tries to assess the relevance of trade in reducing poverty in India and promoting pro-poor growth through a survey of the existing literature and concludes that a strong performance on the international market can help reduce domestic poverty in developing countries. Through a review of the literature on this topic, the author finds that there is strong empirical evidence in favour of the growth enhancing effects of exports and trade in general. Furthermore, a number of detailed microeconomic studies using firm-level and household data show that exporting can lead to productivity, growth and directly reduce poverty through wage and employment effects.Keywords
Trade, Trade Policy, Poverty, Economic Growth, Exports.Full Text
References
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- Poverty Reduction In India:The Role of Foreign Direct Investment
Abstract Views :558 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Delhi School of Economics, Delhi University, New Delhi, IN
1 Department of Commerce, Delhi School of Economics, Delhi University, New Delhi, IN
Source
FOCUS : Journal of International Business, Vol 6, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 48-71Abstract
Developing economies like India, China, and various African nations have increasingly been looking at foreign direct investment (FDI) flows as a source of economic growth, raising per capita income, reducing unemployment, and thus finally alleviating poverty. However, the positive impact of such openness remains a matter of debate. Hence, this paper aims to ascertain whether FDI flows play a role in reducing depth as well as intensity of poverty using time series data spanning from 1981-2012 for India. The regression analysis reveals that increased FDI inflows are associated with a lower poverty count, in both the measures that are Headcount Poverty as well as Poverty Gap. In the second model of (OLS), agricultural incomes seem to elevate households out of poverty but fail to bridge the divide between the incomes of the people below poverty line and the average incomes. Thus, the study suggests that bringing more FDI flows is no perfect recipe for alleviating poverty, but it can have a positive impact on poverty reduction, provided that desired mechanisms are in place in the host country to have these positive effects.Keywords
Economic Growth, Exports, FDI, Poverty, Inequality.References
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