Informatics Publishing Limited

Amit Alexander ¹, D. K. Tripathi ², Ajazuddin ², Mukesh Singh ², Monesh Sahu ², Swarna ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, IN
2 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, IN

Abstract

The realization that Helicobacter pylori is one of the most important etiological factors for peptic ulcer has had an enormous impact on approach to the management of ulcer disease leading to gastritis, gastric cancer and duodenal ulcer which has been a major problem in India as well as western and southern country. Helicobacter pylori is one of the microorganism which can easily survive in highly acidic medium in gastrointestinal tract even though they can survive in acid of car battery; so, there are various treatment schedules just like single, double and triple drug therapy including antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, antacids, antiamoebic and H₂ blockers. These drugs are used in the combination therapy for a specific period of time and high eradication rate 86-90% of Helicobacter pylori is observed in case of triple drug therapy, for the best result triple drug therapy (proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics & H₂ blockers) along with antacids must be employed in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection leading to gastric ulcer and gastric carcinoma because triple drug therapy reduces total duration of therapy.

Keywords

H. pylori, Gastritis, Duodenal Ulcer, Gastric Carcinoma.

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Harsha Solanki ¹, Vinay Sagar Verma ¹, Mukesh Sharma ¹, Ajay Singh ², Garima Sharma ¹, Manisha Majumdar ¹, Sujata Gupta ¹, Sandhya ¹, Vandana Sahu ¹, Kalyani Dewangan ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Amit Alexander ¹, Ajazuddin ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kurud Road Kohka, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, IN
2 GD Rungta College of Science and Technology, Kurud Road Kohka, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, IN

Abstract

Herbal cosmetics are formulated, using different cosmetic ingredients to form the base in which one or more herbal ingredients are used to cure various skin ailments. The name itself suggests that herbal cosmetics are natural and free from all the harmful synthetic chemicals which otherwise may prove to be toxic to the skin. Compared to other beauty products, natural cosmetics are safe to use. Cosmeceuticals are cosmetic-pharmaceutical hybrid products intended to improve the health and beauty of the skin by providing a specific result, ranging from acne-control and anti-wrinkle effects, to sun protection. Calamine lotion is widely used as an antiseptic and protective for its cooling and soothing effect in various skin disorders. Instead of traditional synthetic products different plant parts and plant extracts are used in this study to procure calamine lotion having natural humectants, e.g. aloe-vera gel and honey. Herbal cosmetics are the preparations used to enhance the human appearance. The purpose of this study is to compare the semi synthetic activity of glycerin with other humectants in terms of their emollient properties to ensure whether calamine lotion can be formulated using natural humectants or not.

Keywords

Humectants, Emollient, Antiseptic, Calamine Lotion.

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Sharma Mukesh ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, V. Minu ¹, Soni Sonam ¹, Jyotsna ¹, Rashmi ¹, Hansa ², Deepaveni ¹, Hempushpa ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta Collage of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Kurud, Bhilai-490026 (C.G.), IN
2 Rungta Collage of Pharmaceutical Science Bhilaiand Research, Kurud, Bhilai-490026 (C.G.), IN

Abstract

Hair is a fashion statement, its style&adornment can express person mood , outlook&attitude and when it is loss we lose our confidence .The average person has five million hairs (100,000 - 150,000 are on the scalp) hair is composed of keratin hair are produced by a small structure underneath the skin called the hair follicles. The aim of the current study was to explore the available brand in the market that is used in the treatment of hair loss. Data were collected by mailed questionnaires in 2012 March-April from a Local sample of Bhilai-Durg city, State-Chhattisgarh having group of medical stores (33), general stores (41) and fancy stores (26). It has been found that out of 22 brands sesa oil, keshking oil, Parachute oils, are the most available brands in market. It has been also found that shampoos like Head&Shoulder Shampoo, Sesa Shampoo, Clinic plus Shampoo, and Sunsilk Shampoo are most available in market for the treatment of hair loss. Also found that Aloevera, Amla, Bahera, Bhringraj Brahmi, Harra, Mehndi, Neem, OliveOil, Shikakai, yastiMadhu are the most useful herbal drugs in the hair oil preparation.

Keywords

Hair Loss Treatment, Bhringraj, Shampoo, Hair Oil, Brahmi, Shikakai.

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Neha Meshram ¹, Mithlesh Ojha ¹, Ajay Singh ², Amit Alexander ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Mukesh Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka, Kurud, Bhilai C.G., IN
2 G D Rungta College of Science and Technology, Kohka, Kurud, Bhilai C.G., IN

Abstract

Kusum or Sagade (Schleichera oleosa) is well known tree of medicinal importance in India. All parts of Kusum are used in Indian Traditional Healing. The Traditional Healers use Kusum in simple as well as complex herbal formulations. Kusum based Herbal Formulations are popular among the Healers of present generation but it is really surprising that very few Kusum based Formulations are available in Global Drug Market as promising products. Schleichera trijuga Wild), is a tropical plant prevalent in Orissa and other parts of India (foliage: deciduous, and semi evergreen). That is locally called as "Kusum" (Hindi) and "Kusuma" (Oriya). It belongs to Family "Sapindaceae". Fruiting season is usually in the monsoon. Fruits are simple, fleshy and of 'Berry' category which is either one seeded or two seeded Kusum oil' is a novel substance that has been used by tribal people for their disease like, cold, itch, ulcer for both human and cattle. It was confirmed after the discussion with native inhabitants in the area where the "Kusum' fruits were collected. Studies have also described the medicinal use of the 'Kusum Oil' which is traditionally used for the cure of itch, acne, burns, other skin troubles, rheumatism (external massage), hair dressing and promoting hair growth. Powdered seeds of Schleichera trijuga are used for ulcers and wounds of cattle to remove maggots and bark is used for skin imflammations and ulcers. The chemical composition of Schleichera trijuga seeds has been investigated by column chromatographic, ultraviolet and infrared spectrophotometrie methods. Schleichera oleosa, belonging to the Sapindaceae family, has been reported to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer activity, and can be used for the production of biodiesel. The plant contains low tannin levels therefore it can be used as fodder for livestock. This species contains important phytochemicals such as terpenoids, betulin, betulinic acid etc. The literature reveals that this medicinal plant can be used as an alternative to synthetic compounds for use in preventing and treating several diseases. Considering the medicinal and environmental uses of this plant, this review is an effort to summarize nearly all the information reported on its various activities.

Keywords

Rheumatism, Column Chromatography, Livestock.

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Neha Meshram Ojha ¹, Mithlesh Ojha ¹, Ajay Singh ², Amit Alexander ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Mukesh Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of pharmaceutical sciences and research Kohka-Kurud, Bhilai, C.G, IN
2 GD Rungta College of Science and Technology Kohka-Kurud, Bhilai, C.G, IN

Abstract

Peptic ulcer disease is an imbalance between offensive and defensive gastric factors. This is a major cause of mortality in developing countries. This has attracted several scientists foe their research contributions to this area. Peptic ulcer disease is a serious gastrointestinal disorder that requires a well targeted therapeutic strategy. A number of drugs including proton pump inhibitors and H2 receptor antagonists are available for the treatment of peptic ulcer, but clinical evaluation of these drugs has shown incidence of relapses, side effects and drug interactions. This has been the rational for the development of new antiulcer drugs and the novel formulations that extend to herbal drugs. Good scientific confirmation of traditional knowledge of drugs for treatment of various disorders has made herbal approach a scientific budding area of interest now days. This review article includes physiological aspects of peptic ulcer disease and list of herbal drugs which are used in the treatment of peptic ulcer. Here we have highlighted some of the important plants reported for their anti-ulcer and ulcer healing properties. Ayurvedic knowledge supported by modern science is necessary to isolate, characterise, and standardise the active constituents from herbal sources for antiulcer activity.

Keywords

Peptic Ulcer, Traditional Knowledge, Gastrointestinal Disorder, Novel Formulations, Drug Interactions.

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Mithlesh Ojha ¹, Neha Meshram ¹, Ajay Singh ², Amit Alexander ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Mukesh Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud, Bhilai, C.G., IN
2 GD Rungta College of Science and Technology Kohka-Kurud, Bhilai, C.G., IN

Abstract

Medicinal plants are part and parcel of human society to combat diseases, from the dawn of civilization. Information about the benefits of herbal drugs is known in our ancient literature of Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani and Chinese medicine. According to the WHO, 2003 about 80 % of the population of developing countries being unable to afford pharmaceutical drugs relies on traditional medicines, mainly plant based, to sustain their primary health care needs. The consequences of this long neglect of developing acceptable and reliable male contraceptives in poor developing countries has been lack of or less participation of males in family planning. Recently, it has come apparent that neglecting men in matters of family planning is a losing strategy with adverse consequences for both men and women Ayurvedic literature and folk medicine have been screened and searched thoroughly for antifertility effects in males all over the world. The World Health Organization has set up a task force on plant research for fertility regulation with an objective to find new orally active non steroidal contraceptive. Therefore, this article reviewed some of the medicinal plants having antifertility or contraceptive activity. This review will highlight some of the herbs which could potentially be developed into a reversible male contraceptive as well as discuss difficulties of developing such a contraceptive.

Keywords

Medicinal Plants, Health Care, Antifertility Effects, Non Steroidal Contraceptive, Male Antiinfertility.

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Juned Khan ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, S. J. Daharwal ², Deependra Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai (CG) 490024, IN
2 Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G.) 492010, IN

Abstract

Many people suffer from dandruff problem. The dandruff occurs generally on the hair covered skin, specially the scalp skin. It is known to be controlled by antifungal agents. The present study was carried out to asses the effect of three minutes contact period on the efficacy of antidandruff shampoos. 1% Ketoconazole, 1% Piroctone olamine and 1% Zinc pyrithione were individually formulated in a shampoo base and were used for the study. Three groups of ten patients each with severe dandruff were taken such that each group was treated with only one of the antidandruff agent. Scoring of the dandruff was done on a 0 to 10 scale for each of the three regions of scalp at first and fourteenth day respectively. All the three antidandruff shampoo treated groups improved significantly with a contact period of three minutes rather than no contact period.

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Soyeb Khan ¹, Mukesh Sharma ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹, Junaid Khan ¹, Khushboo Dubey ¹, Shruti Mohanty ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, IN

Abstract

Plant-based repellents have been used for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection measure against host-seeking insect. Recently, commercial repellent products containing plant-based ingredients have gained increasing popularity among consumers, as these are commonly perceived as "safe" in comparison to long-established synthetic repellents. There is a need for further standardized studies in order to better evaluate repellent compounds and develop new products that offer high repellency as well as good consumer safety. How often have we tried to enjoy the great outdoors or a restful night sleep only to be bothered by what seems like an army of insects attacking us? What is it that attracts insects to humans? Are some individuals more attractive to insects than other individuals? Since insects are vectors for many debilitating human diseases, understanding insect attraction to humans is very important. Study has shown that insects associate with humans at multiple stages in their life cycle. The mechanism of this attraction, i.e. CO2, sweat, ABO blood type, chemicals, body temperature, body humidity. For example, scabies mite, Sarcoptes scabies, which can cause intense skin irritation, has been found to be attracted by host odor, body temperature. CO2 plays a significant role in attraction for numerous insects especially mosquitoes. Other examples of insect attraction to humans include: kissing bugs and sandflies. Study has also shown that the common natural plant like Fennel, Neem, Basil, Coriander are having excellent insect repellent activity with medicinal significance.

Keywords

Insect Repellent Plant, Mosquitoes, Kissing Bugs, Sand Flies.

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Khushboo Dubey ¹, Mukesh Sharma ¹, Shruti Mohanty ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹, Junaid Khan ¹, Khumesh Verma ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, IN

Abstract

Weeds are unwanted and undesirable plants which interfere with the utilization of land and water resources and thus adversely affect human welfare. They can also be referred to as plants out of place. In crop lands and forests, weeds compete with beneficial and desired vegetation, reducing the yield and quality of produce. But it is also true that while all unwanted plant are weeds, all weeds are not unwanted plants.. Weeds are not unwanted plants for practitioners of Ayurvedic and other traditional systems of healing. For them, weeds are potenital sources of valuable life-saving drugs. In additional, allelopathic and industrial uses of common weeds have been reported. With the help of information available in ancient and modern literature, farmers can utilize these so-called unwanted plants (i.e. weeds) to generate additional income. The present paper is a review article on the weeds of Chhatisgarh and India. Here medicinal significance of 20 weeds of Chhattisgarh and 10 weeds found in other parts of Chhattisgarh has been discussed. These weeds like Boerhavia diffusa, Achyranthus aspera having the medicinal significance can be used for the treatment of many diseases, and also can act as source of income for farmers.

Keywords

Weeds, Medicinal Significance.

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Simran Kukreja ¹, Sonal Priya ¹, Shraddha Bhondekar ¹, Nupur Verma ¹, Sonal Jain ¹, Aivant Golchha ¹, Ganesh Sinha ¹, Shubham Kumar ¹, Chandan Mandal ¹, Asha Patel ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, IN

Abstract

The objective of this review article is to discuss the potential of sodium alginate as a biopolymer in the formulation development and its allied applications. There is a growing trend in pharmaceutical in food industry to avoid the harsh condition in the preparation for administration to the body or for the storage purpose as it induce the side effects, instability or loss of therapeutic effect of the medicament. The immobilization method is a versatile functional biomaterial for viscosity enhancement, stabilizer, matrixing agent, encapsulation polymer, bio adhesive and film former in transdermal and transmucosal drug delivery. Among various tested methods of this process that make use of different enzyme-carrier interactions, immobilization by adsorption on solid carriers has appeared most common. According to these findings, in this review we present a comparative analysis of the literature reports on the recent trends in the immobilization of the enzymes by adsorption. In this review article, the various aspects of pharmaceutical microemulsin where compile together and the target audience are specifically the M. Pharm and B. Pharm student so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

Immobilization, Adsorption, Cross Linking, Microencapsulation.

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Rita Devi ¹, Vicky Soni ¹, Savej Malik ¹, Alok Singh ¹, Kundan Banjare ¹, Vikram Singh ¹, Tanuja Janghel ¹, Pooja Pal ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, IN

Abstract

Recent technological and scientific research has been devoted to the development of rate controlled drug delivery systems to overcome physiological adversities such as short gastric residence times and unpredictable gastric emptying times. The floating or hydro-dynamically controlled drug delivery systems are useful in such application. The objective of our review is to compile the recent advancements and developments regarding the novel dosage form i.e. the floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) that can be retained in the stomach for a prolonged period of time and gives therapeutic action in a predetermined manner. In these review article,the various aspects of pharmaceutical floating drug delivery system(FDDS) were compiled together and the target ordinance are specifically the M. Pharm and B Pharm students so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

Gastric Retention, Oral Controlled Release System, Gastric Resistance, Emptying Time, FDDS.

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Rashmi Verma ¹, Yamini Dewangan ¹, Lokeshwari Sahu ¹, Barkha Dongre ¹, Khushboo Mishra ¹, Trilok Patel ¹, Sakhram Nishad ¹, Ashish Damle ¹, Ghanshyam Sahu ¹, K. DeviRao ¹, Mithlesh Patle ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, IN

Abstract

The current article has been focused on the Mucoadhesive drug delivery system may be designed to enable prolonged retention at the site of application, providing a controlled rate of drug release for improved therapeutic outcome. Mucoadhesion is commonly defined as the adhesion between two materials, at least one of which is a mucosal surface. Application of dosage forms to mucosal surfaces may be of benefit to drug molecules not amenable to the oral route, such as those that undergo acid degradation or extensive first-pass metabolism. The Mucoadhesive ability of a dosage form is dependent upon a variety of factors, including the nature of the mucosal tissue and the physicochemical properties of the polymeric formulation. This review article aims to provide an overview of the various aspects of mucoadhesion, Mucoadhesive materials, factors affecting mucoadhesion, evaluating methods, and finally various Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems (buccal, nasal, ocular, gastro, vaginal, and rectal) based on literatures were reported so far. In this review article, the various aspects of pharmaceutical microemulsion were compiled together and the target audiences are specifically the M. Pharm and B. Pharm students so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

Bioadhesive, Transmucosal, Absorption.

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Anubhav Mishra ¹, Girish Sahu ¹, Amit Kumar ¹, Deepak Patel ¹, Ghanshyam Rathore ¹, Dileshwar Sahu ¹, Ravindra ¹, Manmohan Diwan ¹, Dhaniram Kanwar ¹, Laxminarayan Patel ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, IN

Abstract

Controlled drug delivery is useful because it allows obtaining better drug product, effectiveness, reliability and safety. Hydrogel are one of the upcoming classes of polymer-based controlled release drug delivery systems. Besides exhibiting swelling-controlled drug release, hydrogel also show stimuli-responsive changes in their structural network and hence, the drug release. Because of large variations in physiological pH at various body sites in normal as well as pathological conditions, pH-responsive polymeric networks have been extensively studied. This review highlights the use of hydrogel (a class of polymeric systems) in controlled drug delivery, and their application in pH-responsive, drug release. Hydrogel show minimal tendency to adsorb proteins from body fluids because of their low interfacial tension. Further, the ability of molecules of different sizes to diffuse into (drug loading) and out of (drug release) hydrogel allows the possible use of dry or swollen polymeric networks as drug delivery systems for oral, nasal, buccal, rectal, vaginal, ocular and parenteral routes of administration. Hydrogel also terms 'intelligent gels' or 'smart hydrogel'. The smartness of any material is the key to its ability to receive, transmit or process a stimulus, and respond by producing a useful effect. This review highlights the use of hydrogel (a class of polymeric systems) in controlled drug delivery, and their application in stimuli responsive, especially pH-responsive, drug release. In this review article, the various aspects of pharmaceutical microemulsin where compile together and the target audience are specifically the M.pharm and B.pharm student so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

Hydrogel, Stimuli-Responsive, Smart Hydrogel.

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Shriya Gupta ¹, Sonali Dhokne ¹, Rameshwar Verma ¹, Manish Mitra ¹, Umesh Sahu ¹, Pitamber Bhardwaj ¹, Mohainish Bhoyar ¹, Manoj Biswas ¹, Lukesh Sahu ¹, Sheetal Jha ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, IN

Abstract

Biphasic liquid dosage have an associated limitation of poor physical stability and therefore it is said to be thermodynamically unstable. Moreover, this area is also of great interest among the researchers towards the improvement of the stability. Thus, development of microemulsion systems is of great interest among the researchers. A microemulsion is a system of water, oil and amphiphilic compounds (surfactant and co-surfactant) which is a transparent, single opticalisotropic and thermodynamical stable liquid. Microemulsions are readily distinguished from normal emulsions by their transparency, low viscosity and more fundamentally their thermodynamic stability. In this review article, the various aspects of pharmaceutical microemulsion were compiled together and the target audiences are specifically the M. Pharm and B. Pharm students so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

Microemulsion, Transparency, Amphiphilic.

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Archana Kushwaha ¹, Jayanti Jaiswal ¹, Priya Singh ¹, Neha Rathore ¹, Jai Prakash Dhruw ¹, Ishu Sahu ¹, Chhaya Singh ¹, Krinsha Kumar Sahu ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, IN

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are dosage forms involves drug transport to viable epidermal and or dermal tissues of the skin for local therapeutic effect while a main function of drug is transported into the systemic blood circulation. The purpose of this research was to develop a matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system containing drug diclofenac with different ratios of hydrophilic (hydroxyl propyl cellulose) and hydrophobic (ethyl cellulose) polymeric systems polymeric systems by the solvent evaporation technique and by using Glycerol as plasticizer. Different concentrations of oleic acid and isopropyl myristate were used to enhance the transdermal permeation of Diclofenac. To improve characters of transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) was emerged, which will improve the therapeutic efficacy and safety of drugs by specific sites within the body, thereby reducing both the size and number of doses. The present article reviews the selection of drug candidates and polymers suitable to be formulated as transdermal system, advantages, disadvantages of formulation design and the methods of evaluation. In this review article the various aspects of pharmaceutical transdermal drug delivery system where compiled together and the target audience are specifically the M Pharm and B Pharm students so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publications.

Keywords

Transdermal Drug Delivery System Diclofenac, Transdermal Film, Permeation Enhancer.

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Ashok Chandrakar ¹, Bishesar Sahu ¹, Homendra Sahu ¹, Jagdish Dewangan ¹, Navin Kumar ¹, Rajat Singh ¹, Rohit Gupta ¹, Devesh Kumar ¹, Bhishm Sahu ¹, Kuldeep Dewangan ¹, Rishi Kaushal ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, IN

Abstract

Ease of administration and painless approach made oral route the most preferred. Poor oral bioavailability is pronounced with the majority of recent active ingredients because of dissolution rate limited absorption. Failure to attain intended therapeutic effect of the poor water soluble drugs by this route led to development of novel drug delivery systems which will fulfill therapeutic needs with minimum dose. Although many formulation approaches like solid dispersions, complexation, pH modifications and lipid based delivery systems finding increased appliance with the apparent increase in absorption of drug. Among lipid based formulations, self-micro emulsifying formulations (droplet size < 100 nm) are evident to improve the oral bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs primarily due to their efficiency in facilitating solubilization and in presenting the hydrophobic drug in solubilized form whereby dissolution process can be circumvented. Various components that are used to formulate these dosage forms like surfactants and lipids contribute to the overall improvement in oral bioavailability via promoting the lymphatic transport; thereby hepatic first pass metabolism can be surmounted. The present article gives exhaustive information on the formulation design and characterization of SMEDDS by which the bioavailability can be improved. In this review article, the various aspects of pharmaceutical SMEDDS where compiled together and target audience are specifically the B.Pharm and M.Pharm students so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

SMEDDS, Solubilization, Emulsion, Stability, Surfactant.

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Ajay Singh ¹, Ragini Tiwari ¹, Prakriti Singh ¹, Vinay Sagar Verma ², Mukesh Sharma ², Amit Alexander ², Ajazuddin ²

Affiliations
1 GD Rungta College of Science and Technology, Kurud, Bhilai (Chhattisgarh), IN
2 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kurud, Bhilai (Chhattisgarh), IN

Abstract

An aeromycological study to identify and quantify allergenic fungi and their fluctuations was conducted at Bhilai city. The diversity of the aeromycoflora at different height in this study, based on the recovery of fungal propagules by the air-exposing-PDA plating method was conducted in rainy season. The study showed that the most prevalent (major components) fungal spores in the air on different heights (0-10feet,10-20and 20-40feets) in kohka-Bhilai city were Aspergillus spp. Alternaria spp. Curvularia spp. Rhizopus spp. Penecillin spp. fusarium spp. The abundant genera on different heights were Curvularia, Aspergillus, Alternaria. Curvularia spp. Aspergillus spp. were the most abundant fungal spore type collected throughout the period of study on different height in kohka-bhilai city.

Keywords

Aeromycoflora, Allergenic Fungi, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Curvularia.

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Madhulika Pradhan ¹, Amit Alexander ¹, Ajazuddin ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka, Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh-490024, IN

Abstract

Calcipotriol is a very efficient drug used in the treatment of psoriasis. In present work a novel, hasty, effortless and cost-effective Reversed -Phase High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (RP-HPTLC) technique has been developed and subsequently validated for quantitative assessment of calcipotriol in bulk and in ointment. Optimized chromatographic condition was employed to accomplish separation on a Phenomenex Luna C18 column (250mm X 4.6 mm in diameter) with typical particle size of 5μ column employing Shimadzu HPLC system. Mobile phase constituting of methanol: water (80:20, v/v) was pumped during the chromatographic separation at 1 mL/min flow rate and detection was made by ultraviolet‑visible detector at 264 nm. The method was validated for linearity, precision, robustness, accuracy, limit of detection and limit of quantification as per guidelines of International conference on Harmonization (ICH). The method resulted into sharp and well resolved peak for Calcipotriol at 8.2 min retention time. Method was also found to be linear (regression coefficient: 0.999), accurate (average recovery: 100%), precise and robust. Thus the developed analytical method is acceptable for identification and quantitative estimation of calcipotriol in bulk formulation and ointment formulation.

Keywords

Calcipotriol, Liquid Chromatography, Validation, Retention Time.

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