Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

Usha Subbiah ¹, Harini Venkata Subbiah ², Athira Ajith ², Sonaa Elango ³

Affiliations
1 Associate Professor and Head, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Research Assistant, Human Genetics Laboratory, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Professor, Department of Life Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Suwon, Wau-ri, Bongdam-eup, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, KR

Abstract

Saliva, the "mirror of the body," is an ideal non-invasive source of complex genetic information. The complexity of the salivary peptidome is mainly due to the high number of genetic polymorphisms. This review shows an association between the genetic polymorphisms of salivary secretory proteins and the endangerment of several diseases. Different secretory protein single nucleotide polymorphisms whose genetic positions are related to oral and other diseases are listed from SNPedia deposits and tracked using a variety of techniques. Besides being circulating salivary biomarkers, single nucleotide polymorphisms of salivary secretory proteins acts as a possible genetic susceptibility factor and aids in the early detection and prevention of various oral and systemic diseases including cancer and rare syndromes in a quick and noninvasive manner. This would pave the way for the development of array-based technologies using saliva sample for genetic analysis.

Keywords

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, Saliva, Secretary Proteins, Oral Diseases.

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Usha Subbiah ¹, Harini Venkata Subbiah ², Athira Ajith ², Sonaa Elango ³

Affiliations
1 Associate Professor and Head, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Research Assistant, Human Genetics Laboratory, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Professor, Department of Life Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Suwon, Wau-ri, Bongdam-eup, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, KR

Abstract

Saliva, the "mirror of the body," is an ideal non-invasive source of complex genetic information. The complexity of the salivary peptidome is mainly due to the high number of genetic polymorphisms. This review shows an association between the genetic polymorphisms of salivary secretory proteins and the endangerment of several diseases. Different secretory protein single nucleotide polymorphisms whose genetic positions are related to oral and other diseases are listed from SNPedia deposits and tracked using a variety of techniques. Besides being circulating salivary biomarkers, single nucleotide polymorphisms of salivary secretory proteins acts as a possible genetic susceptibility factor and aids in the early detection and prevention of various oral and systemic diseases including cancer and rare syndromes in a quick and noninvasive manner. This would pave the way for the development of array-based technologies using saliva sample for genetic analysis.

Keywords

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, Saliva, Secretary Proteins, Oral Diseases.

Full Text

     

Usha Subbiah ¹, Harini Venkata Subbiah ², Athira Ajith ², Sonaa Elango ³

Affiliations
1 Associate Professor and Head, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Research Assistant, Human Genetics Laboratory, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Professor, Department of Life Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Suwon, Wau-ri, Bongdam-eup, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, KR

Abstract

Saliva, the "mirror of the body," is an ideal non-invasive source of complex genetic information. The complexity of the salivary peptidome is mainly due to the high number of genetic polymorphisms. This review shows an association between the genetic polymorphisms of salivary secretory proteins and the endangerment of several diseases. Different secretory protein single nucleotide polymorphisms whose genetic positions are related to oral and other diseases are listed from SNPedia deposits and tracked using a variety of techniques. Besides being circulating salivary biomarkers, single nucleotide polymorphisms of salivary secretory proteins acts as a possible genetic susceptibility factor and aids in the early detection and prevention of various oral and systemic diseases including cancer and rare syndromes in a quick and noninvasive manner. This would pave the way for the development of array-based technologies using saliva sample for genetic analysis.

Keywords

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, Saliva, Secretary Proteins, Oral Diseases.

Full Text

     

Angeline Julius ¹, Usha Subbiah ², Sonaa Elango ³

Affiliations
1 Research Associate, Human Genetics Laboratory, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Associate Professor and Head, Human Genetics Laboratory, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Professor, Department of Life Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Suwon, Wauri, Bongdam-eup, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, KR

Abstract

Oral streptococci being the early colonizers of oral biofilm have a high impact on the health status of an individual. The resistance of streptococci to erythromycin and tetracycline possess a global threat in oral health by harboring the erm and tet resistant genes which are proved to be correlated with each other. Considering the high prevalence of erm and tet resistance in oral streptococci, identification of universal primers for these genes are necessary to characterize these genes. Our work has put forth a heuristic approach in designing universal primers to detect genetically diverse erm and tet resistant genes in streptococci. The erm and tet primers were validated to be universal among the streptococci group. The universal primers designed for erm and tet gene retrieved 100% and 72.7% of sequence similarity of streptococcus deposited in NCBI gene repository. Identification of universal primers for the successful amplification of erm and tet genes of streptococci for the first time will minimize the usage of multiple primers to isolate resistant streptococci for rapid detection of antibiotic-resistant genes.

Keywords

Antibiotic Resistance, Erythromycin, Streptococcus, Tetracycline, Universal Primers.

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