Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

H. Aravindhswamy ¹, R. Sankar Narayanan ¹, T. Manigandan ¹, Nalini Aswath ¹, V. T. Hemalatha ²

Affiliations
1 Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Pharmacovigilance is useful toreassure the safety of drugs and protecting the consumers from their injuries effects. A number of single drugs as well as fixed dose combinations have been banned from manufacturing, marketing and distribution in India. An important issue about the availability of banned drugs over the counter in India is that sufficient adverse drug reactions data about these drugs have not been reported. The most common categories of drugs withdrawn in the last decade were non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (28%), antidiabetics (14.28%), antiobesity (14.28%), antihistamines (14.28%), gastroprokinetic drugs (7.14%), breast cancer and infertility drugs (7.14%), irritable bowel syndrome and constipation drugs (7.14%) and antibiotics (7.14%). Drug withdrawals from market were made mainly due to safety issues involving cardiovascular events (57.14%), liver damage (14.28%), and carcinogenic reasons . Majority of drugs have been banned since 3-5 years in other countries but are still available for sale in India. The present study says about how to manage adverse drug reactions and to prevent it in advance and provides implications for developing a system that can ensure the safety and efficacy of drugs in India.There should be a multidisciplinary approach towards drug safety that should be implemented throughout the entire duration spanning from drug discovery to usage by consumers.

Keywords

Pharmacovigilance, Adverse Drug Reaction, Drug Safety, Multidisciplinary Approach.

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Manigandan Thiruppathy ¹, D. Pavani ², S. Kishore Kumar ³, Julius Amaldas ⁴, R. Sankar Narayanan ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Semmanchery, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Orthodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Department of Biochemistry, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
5 Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Background: Oral cancer is eighth most common cancer worldwide. They may arise from potentially malignant disorders¹. The etiology of Oral cancer is multifactorial, the most common among those are the effects of tobacco usage⁷. The tobacco is used in various forms in our country Tobacco chewing and smoking are associated with oral mucosal lesions such as Leukoplakia, Oral submucous Fibrosis which are potentially malignant lesions⁹. This study was aimed at identifying the prevalence of these oral mucosal lesions and to motivate the tobacco users about the various deleterious effects associated with tobacco and to help them to quit their habits.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among the tobacco users in Chennai.

Materials and Method: The study sample was randomly selected and comprised 1483 patients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and hospital, Chennai between January 2017 and December 2018. The ages ranged from 18 to 65years and are tobacco users were eligible to participate in the study. The data collected was tabulated in Microsoft Excel and further analysed using SPSS Version 21.0(IBM), software for statistical analysis.

Results: A total of 1483 patients were examined to diagnose the lesions associated with the use of tobacco. The most frequently seen lesion was Smokers Melanosis [921(62.1%)]followed by Frictional Keratosis [696(46.9%)],Periodontal Inflammation [551(37.2%)], Leukoedema [304(20.5%)] and Stomatitis Nicotina Palatini [160(10.8%)].

Conclusion: The overall prevalence of potentially malignant disorders have slight variations when compared to other studies. This may be due to difference in habits, duration and frequency of use.

Keywords

Tobacco Smokers, Tobacco Chewers, Oral Lesions.

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Harshada Ragunathan ¹, R. Sankar Narayanan ², Nalini Aswath ², T. Sarumathi ³, A. Amudhan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Thaimoogambikai Dental College and Hospital, IN
2 Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Swelling of neck always have a wide range of differential diagnosis. Salivary glands are group of organs that secretes saliva which helps in normal functioning of the oral cavity. Many conditions affect the salivary gland because of its size and location. Sialadenitis is the inflammatory condition of the salivary gland which is commonly encountered yet infrequently discussed topic. Sialoliths are calcified organic matter that forms with in the secretory system of the major and minor salivary glands. Sialolithiasis is one of the major causes for sialadenitis which has been shown in many studies. Here we have discussed about a swelling which was present in the right submandibular region with a duration of 3 weeks for which OPG, Lateral Ceph and Ultrasound has been taken for finalising the diagnosis.

Keywords

Sialolithi, OPG, Parotid, Submandibular.

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V. T. Hemalatha ¹, Melody Khwairakpam ², R. Sankar Narayanan ², A. Amudhan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER Chennai–100, IN
2 Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, IN
3 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, IN

Abstract

Keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) are called for their disputed peculiar characteristics, varied origin, unique propensity to recur, disputed treatment methods and can occur anywhere in the jaw, but mainly seen in the posterior part of the mandible. On radiographically, it present, as well-defined radiolucent lesions with smooth and generally corticated margins. They are benign intraosseous tumors of odontogenic origin that occur most mainly in the jaw. The average reported recurrence rate ranges from 30 to 62 present.

Keywords

Keratocyst, Odontogenic, Molar, Ramus.

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Chandrakanth Balakrishnan ¹, R. Sankar Narayanan ², A. Amudhan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Venkateshwara Dental College and Hospital, TN Dr. MGR Medical University, IN
2 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, IN

Abstract

Vascular anomaly is the term used to implicate various vascular pathology, including proliferating vascular tumors and vascular malformations.

Vascular malformation of the parotid gland is a rare condition where very few cases have been reported in the literature. The clinical and radiological features of vascular malformations often mimic those of other pathologic entities, causing diagnostic confusion. Furthermore, the imaging appearance of low flow and high flow vascular malformations can vary, making the diagnosis challenging. Here we report a case of a 40 years old, female who presented with the complaint of swelling in the left parotid region for one year. Imaging revealed a vascular malformation involving the left parotid gland. Superficial Parotidectomy was planned

Keywords

Vascular Malformation (VMS), Hemangioma, Parotid Gland.

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V. Aarthi Nisha ¹, S. Sujatha ², R. Sankar Narayanan ³

Affiliations
1 PhD Research Scholar & Assistant Professor, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bihar & Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tamilnadu Govt Dental College & Hospital, Chennai
2 Professor & Head of the Department, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, M.S. Ramaiah Dental College & Hospital, Bangalore, IN
3 Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Psoriasis is a genetically determined, inflammatory disease of the skin. It can occur at any age but, usually develops during young adult life and may persist throughout a person’s lifetime with periods of exacerbations and remissions. It was earlier thought that oral psoriasis does not exist, however it is now believed that oral lesions of psoriasis do exist although the incidence is very low. Herein we report two cases of psoriasis with oral manifestations and one case of TMJ psoriatic arthritis.

Keywords

Oral Psoriasis, Geographic Tongue, Lichen Planus, Granular Gingival Lesions.

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V. Aarthi Nisha ¹, Rakesh Nagaraju ², J. Parthiban ³, R. Sankar Narayanan ⁴, M. Elumalai ⁵

Affiliations
1 Phd Research Scholar & Assistant Professor, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Biher & Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tamilnadu Govt Dental College & Hospital, Chennai
2 Associate Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, M. S. Ramaiah Dental College & Hospital, Bangalore, IN
3 Reader, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, IN
4 Senior Lecturer,Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Chennai, IN
5 Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Govt Arts and Science College, Nandhanam, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Successful management of impacted maxillary canines requires precise localization of these teeth which is usually achieved using a combination of clinical and radiographic examination. Various techniques have been employed in radiology to locate the impacted canines each of it with its own advantages and limitations. This article will emphasize on modified vertex occlusal view which is an extra oral view that images the maxillary arch in the superoinferior projection that was employed in our patient to accurately locate the position of the impacted tooth.

Keywords

Impacted Maxillary Canines, Localization, True/Vertex Occlusal View, Modified Vertex Occlusal View.

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Harshada Ragunanthan ¹, R. Sankar Narayanan ², Nalini Aswath ³

Affiliations
1 Senior Lecturer, Thai Mookambikai Dental College & Hospital, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, IN
2 Reader, Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, IN
3 Prof & Head, Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology Sree Balaji Dental College And Hospital, BIHER, IN

Abstract

Tuberculosis has recently resurged as a worldwide public health concern in spite of their recent advances in its diagnosis and management. It is estimated that approximately 8 million people develop TB each year & 3 million people die of complications associated with disease. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an acid-fast bacillus that is transmitted primarily through the respiratory tract and undergoes lymphohematogenous dissemination. Tuberculosis can involve any organ system in the body. While pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common presentation, extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is also an important clinical problem. The term EPTB has been used to describe isolated occurrence of tuberculosis at body sites other than the lung. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis has increased in number. It has been said that the percentage of smear-positive re-treatment cases is high in India due to many causes. In this article we have presented three cases of tuberculosis.

Keywords

TB, Lymphadenitis, Extrapulmonary TB.

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