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Kumar, Manoj
- Neurogenic Switching Mechanism: Probable Link between Periodontal Disease and Systemic Diseases:A Review
Authors
1 Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IN
2 Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 11 (2019), Pagination: 990-994Abstract
Prevalence of systemic diseases by virtue of dental infections, has been widely recognized and accepted by the dental professionals today. In recent times spread of inflammation via neurogenic switching mechanism has found an interest among researchers and reviewers. Neurogenic switching results from the coaction of mast cells and nerves leading to the spread of inflammation from one site of the body to a distant site. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a principle bacterium triggering periodontal disease releases an endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide, which has been found to induce neurogenic switching mechanism, leading to an exacerbation of symptoms of various systemic diseases. Lowering in the microbial count of dental plaque, has shown to recuperate manifestation of various neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory and pregnancy induced conditions. The purpose of this review is to explore the probable link between various systemic diseases and periodontal disease through neurogenic switching mechanism.Keywords
Neurogenic inflammation, Immunogenic inflammation, Neuropeptides, Substance P, Neurogenic Switching Mechanism, Periodontitis.
- Role of Azithromycin in Periodontal Diseases
Authors
1 Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 11 (2019), Pagination: 1040-1043Abstract
Azithromycin,a macrolide drug has been used for the cure of variety of microbial infections since a significant amount of time. It has been found to possess a far more enhanced performance in discouraging the development of the bacteria than its predecessor drugs like Erythromycin and Clarithromycin. It hasbetter structuraland pharmacokinetic properties which makes it a better version of a azalide drug in terms of itshalf-life,acidstability, durability, intracellular penetrations and anti inflammatoryfunctioning. Having the accessible route of administration it has got a good amount of patient approval. In many cases the recurrence of the infection is common where the antibiotics are not able to reduce the symptoms associated with the disease for a longer period of time. Unlike those medications, Azithromycin focuses solely on the cure and acts as an apt option which puts a brake on the biofilm to mature.In the periodontal context, Azithromycin has especially shown that it prevails at the areas invlolving the pathology. Research has proven that Azithromycin,being the nonessential therapeutic agent for the periodontal wear and tear,has been effortlessly used as a supplement to the non-surgical method for the cure,as it has been challenging to get rid of the debris present in the inaccessible areas. It is also being involved as a mode of therapy in addition to the surgeries involved, it has been able to validate itself in reversing the periodontal conditions for the better. Being administered both in the local and systemic manner,it has been found to be fairly effective in reducing the bleeding on probing,inflammation and tenderness in the gingiva,periodontal pocket depth and the plaque build up.Keywords
Azithromycin, Periodontics, Diseases, Non-essential Therapeutic Age.- Decoding the Link between Chronic Kidney Disease and Periodontitis
Authors
1 Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 11 (2019), Pagination: 1080-1083Abstract
An increased rate of morbidity and mortality due to chronic kidney disease is a commonly witnessed issue these days. Hypertension, diabetes and other heart-related issues are some of the many factors that induce and at times, can worsen the cases of chronic kidney disease. Periodontal diseases, usually getting originated by gram negative bacteria and associated with systemic inflammatory response, cause degeneration and loss of attachment of the supporting tooth structure, which gradually makes up low grade to severe inflammation of the periodontium.
Not only during the various phases of the disease,but also during various treatment modalities like hemodialysis, renaltransplant, the supplement of various elements and intake of certain drugs also worsen the status of periodontal diseases. Stress and other psychosomatic disorders associated with chronic kidney disease also play a vital role in neglecting one’s regular oral hygiene measures. Uremia, one of the most highlighting features associated with later stages of chronic kidney disease causes a great disruption in the fluid and electrolyte balance. Not merely the bacterial biofilm cause senormous loss to the periodontium; but also, the host inflammatory response adds on to the deprivation and contributes highly to the severe attachment loss of the supporting structures of the tooth. This review aims at understanding the mechanisms which interconnect these two chronic diseases and the role of dentists in managing a patient with chronic kidney disease.
Keywords
Chronic Kidney Disease, Periodontitis, Psychosomatic Disorders, Interlink, Disease Management.- The Role of “Melatonin” in Dentistry
Authors
1 Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IN
2 Department of Periodontics & Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IN