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Leena, M S
- Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) vs Cervical Cytology as Cervical Cancer Screening Tools in South India
Authors
1 Dept. of Pathology, CAIMS, Bommakal, Karimnagar
2 Dept. of Community Medicine, CAIMS, Bommakal, Karimnagar
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 4, No 3 (2013), Pagination: 207-212Abstract
Context: With a quarter of all cervical cancers occurring in India, the risk for women to contract this condition is high. The burden remains high because cervical screening programs of adequate scale are lacking.
Aims: To compare the performance of visual inspection with acetic acid and cervical cytology in south India.
Setting and Design: A cross-sectional study was performed in three villages in one of the south Indian district by recruiting 668 healthy women to undergo VIA and conventional Pap smear examination.
Method and Material: Women who had a positive result from any of these tests were subjected to colposcopy and biopsies (if necessary), and women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) were properly treated.
Statistical Analysis: Data was analyzed using statistical software from www.OpenEpi.com
Results: Overall test positivity was 21.4% for VIA and 2.24% for Pap smear (LSIL threshold), 1.04% for Pap smear (HSIL threshold). VIA was positive in 70% of the women with CIN 1, 75% of those with CIN 2, 66.66% of women with CIN 3 and in two of two (100%) of women with cancer. Approximately 10% of women with no detectable disease had an abnormal VIA.
Conclusions: A combined use of VIA with the Pap test allowed specific detection of cervical abnormalities.
Keywords
Cervical Cancer, Screening, VIA, Pap Smear
References
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- Adherence to AntiRetroViral (ARV) Therapy in North Telangana of Andhra Pradesh, South India
Authors
1 Dept. of Community Medicine, JIIU's Indian Institute of Medical Science and Research, Warudi village, Taluka Badnapur, Maharashtra, IN
2 Dept. of Pathology, JIIU's Indian Institute of Medical Science and Research, Warudi village, Taluka Badnapur, Dist. Jalna, Maharashtra, IN
3 Dept. of Community Medicine, CAIMS, Bommakal, Karimnagar, Andhra Pradesh, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 4, No 4 (2013), Pagination: 102-107Abstract
Context: With the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), dramatic decrease in mortality among HIV infected people has been reported. Unfortunately, non-adherence remains a formidable barrier in the management of HIV, at least 95% adherence to medication is required for sustained response.
Aims: To determine the adherence to antiretroviral drugs among patients on ART.
Method and Material: A hospital based cross-sectional study was performed at ART Center, Dist. Hospital from July to December 2010 by selecting all HIV patients on ART for more than six months duration.
Results: Total 467 patients were reported to ART were selected for study. The mean age was 37.59 (SD=12.24) years, and 79% of participants aged between 21 and 40 years. 55.24% (n = 258) of participants were male and 44.76% (n = 209) female. Less than one percent (0.43%) of patients missed their medications in the last week, 1.72% in the last month, 2.78% in the last six months, and 3.21% since commencing treatment, in a setting of a mean time on ART of 19.85 months.
Conclusions: The level of adherence to ART was found to be very high. It indicates that ART center is working efficiently.
Keywords
Adherence, ART, HIV, South IndiaReferences
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- Presentation and Outcome of Dengue Epidemic in South India
Authors
1 Dept. of Community Medicine, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Bommakal, Karimnagar, IN
2 Dept. of Pathology, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Bommakal, Karimnagar, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 4, No 4 (2013), Pagination: 133-137Abstract
Background: There was a huge epidemic of Dengue Fever (DF) during 2009 in South India.. Thousands of cases of dengue reported to various hospitals during this epidemic. This study was undertaken to evaluate various types of presentations of DF in the region.
Objective: To study the clinical presentation and outcome of DF in South India.
Method: A retrospective record based study was performed on 500 records of DF cases in a tertiary care hospital in a rural setting. The case records were selected by simple random sampling from Oct. to Dec. 2009.
Results: Out of 500 cases majority were males 315(63%) and in the age group of 16 - 30 years. Most common form of infection was DF in 333(66.6%), DF with thrombocytopenia 153(30.6%), Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in nine (1.8%) and Dengue Shock Syndrome in eight (1.6%) cases. The serological test was done among 399(64.8%) patients and 324 (81.20%) were sero-positive. Most common bleeding manifestations were malena, haematuria and gingival bleeding. Total 463(92.6%) got cured, two males (0.4%) had fatal out come and others were referred to other centers.
Conclusion: The Dengue epidemic was of mild form with common presentations and very few deaths.
Keywords
Dengue Fever, Retrospective Study, OutcomeReferences
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