Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

Diana Septaria Abidin ¹, Irwanto ²

Affiliations
1 Airlangga University, Surabaya, ID
2 Department of Child Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, ID

Abstract

Important period in child development is at the age of 1-5 years old. Parenting is one of the factors that cause development of child aged 1-5 years old. The objective of this study is to find the correlation between types of parenting parents with the development of children aged 1-5 years old. This research method is cross-sectional design. Data were collected during June-September 2015. Respondents in this study were parents and children 1-5 years old who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We used systematic random sampling technique until total sample of 345 parents and children achieved. Independent variables studies was types of parenting and dependent variable was development of children aged 1-5 years old. Data types of parenting was collected by questionnaire and development of children aged 1-5 years old was measured by Pre-Development Screening Questionnaire (KPSP). Analysis was using Chi Square. The authoritarian parenting 11.6%, 14.5% democratic parenting, 12.7% passive parenting and mixed parenting 62%. 73% of the KPSP with a “correct” development, “doubt” (13.6%), and “possible disorder” (13.3%). There is a significant correlation between types of parenting and development children aged 1-5 years old (p = 0.000) with contingency coefficient value 0,661. Risk factors for the disorder development are 69.7% for the variable parenting variables, maternal education, maternal occupation and nutritional status of children. Types of parenting had correlation with development children aged 1-5 years old.

Keywords

Parenting, Development, Children.

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Diana Septaria Abidin ¹, Roedi Irawan ², Windhu Purnomo ³

Affiliations
1 Magister Program of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, ID
2 Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, ID
3 Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Heath, Airlangga University, Surabaya, ID

Abstract

Teenager are the future generation, with the cognitive abilities of a good expected level of education will be good. The impact of nutritional status abnormal, low hemoglobin levels, and disorders psychosocial emotional behavior associated with cognitive abilities in teenager, especially in female teenager. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect between nutritional status, hemoglobin levels, and psychosocial emotional behavior with cognitive function in female teenager. This research used observational analytic method with cross sectional approach. Data were collected during February‑March 2019. Respondents in this study were students or female teenager in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sampling technique in this research is probability sampling type simple random sampling with a total sample of 72 female teenager respondents. The independent variables studied are nutritional status, hemoglobin levels, and psychosocial emotional behavior and dependent variable was cognitive function in female teenager. Data nutrition status collected by BMI measurements according to age, hemoglobin levels by hemocue tool, psychosocial emotional behavior was measured by PSC‑35 and cognitive function was measured by MMSE‑test. Analysis was using logistic regression. The results of research obtained that there is effect between the nutritional status of skinny, low hemoglobin levels (anemia) and suspect there are disorders psychosocial emotional behavior with a value of p < 0.05. Risk factors nutritional status of skinny, low hemoglobin levels (anemia) and suspect disorders psychosocial emotional behavior on cognitive function below normal, amounted to 81,4% and 18.6% was caused by other factors. Nutritional status, hemoglobin levels, and behavior psychosocial emotions affect the cognitive function of female teenager.

Keywords

Nutritional status, hemoglobin levels, psychosocial emotional behavior, cognitive function, female teenager.

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