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Suryakantha, A H
- A Study on Risk Factors of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus - a Case Control Study
Authors
1 Department of Community Medicine, J J M Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Community Medicine, S S I M S & R C, Davangere, Karnataka, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 4, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 236-240Abstract
Background: According to WHO estimates, India will be the global capital of Diabetes by 2030, accounting for about 79.4 million diabetics. Type 2 DM is one of the most common health problems in India. It is caused by the interaction of multiple risk factors, which may be constitutional, behavioral or environmental factors. Identification of these risk factors is important in order to prevent or postpone the development of the disease.
Objectives: To identify the risk factors of type 2 DM and to study the association of risk factors and the strength of the association with the occurrence of type 2 DM. Methods: Cross-sectional, hospital based case-control study conducted at Chigateri General Hospital and Bapuji Hospital, both teaching hospitals of J.J.M. Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka. Study was carried out from November 2010 to October 2011.
Results: This study comprises of 406 cases and 406 controls. Positive family history (OR-1.6), alcohol intake (OR-1.5), decreased physical activity (OR-2.8), lack of exercise (OR-1.7) and obesity (OR-2.5) were identified as independent risk factors for type 2 DM. By multivariate analysis all the above factors were found to be significant with p values 0.02, 0.07, 0.00, 0.00 and 0.00 respectively.
Conclusion: Type 2 DM can be prevented or postponed by early detection of risk factors and modifications in life style and behavioral patterns.
Keywords
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Risk Factors, Case-control Study
References
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- A Study on Mental Health Status among Pregnant Women and the Social Factors Influencing
Authors
1 Department of Community Medicine, J J M Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Community Medicine, S S I M S & R C, Davangere, Karnataka, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 4, No 4 (2013), Pagination: 79-83Abstract
Context: Pregnancy is often considered as the golden period in woman's life. There are physical as well as mental stress faced by them during that period, while apparent physical problems are often addressed but the challenges related to mental health often go undiagnosed.
As a matter of fact, in India nearly 10-41% of women suffer from depression during gestation which causes significant morbidity for mother as well as the child.
Objectives:
1) To assess the mental health status among pregnant women.
2) To study the influence of social factors on their mental health.
Settings and Design: Study Design: Cross-sectional, Descriptive study.
Duration of study: 6 months (Jan 2011 to June 2011)
Participants: 300 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of Chigateri General and Bapuji Hospital, Davangere.
Method and Material: Goldberg's 6 item general health questionnaires were used as a screening tool for the presence of mental illness. Hamilton's rating scales were used for the confirmation of anxiety and depression. A standard pre tested questionnaire was used to assess the social factors.
Statistical analysis used: Univariate analysis, Multiple logistic regression
Results: 300 pregnant women participated in the study. 150(50%) women were in the age group of 22 to 26 years. 204 (68%) women were mentally ill. Out of these 204 women 120(59%) were suffering from depression, 40(20%) were having anxiety and 44(21%) were having anxiety with depression. Bad obstetric history, type of family, associated illness, domestic violence and addiction of alcohol in husband were the common social factors responsible for the mental illness.
Conclusions: There is a need for more comprehensive antenatal program focusing on mental wellbeing.
Keywords
Mental Health Status, Hamilton Scale, Depression, Anxiety, Domestic ViolenceReferences
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