Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Iftekhar Ahmed ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Political Science, N. R. E. C College, Ch. Charan Singh University, Khurja, Bulandshahar, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

In the present paper the authors attempt to find out the political participation of Muslim Women vis-à-vis Muslim Men in the state of Uttar Pradesh and juxtaposed with the quantum of rights given to each, and the resultant position in the present scenario. A field study was conducted with a sample of 1200 Muslims drawn from across the state of U.P. The role of gender was analysed with various dimensions of political behaviour. The authors found a persistent pattern of male / female difference in political activity. Owing partially to unequal socio-economic resources available to them, their indifference to politics and their psychologically non-involvement. The psychological involvement of women in politics is minimal. The concerned for politics among women is not converted into political activity. In spite of all the rights and injunctions, when it comes to politics and political participation among Muslims, the women folks are made to play second fiddle.

Keywords

No Keywords

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Iftekhar Ahmed ¹, Asma Parveen ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Political Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Bulandshahar, U.P., IN
2 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., IN

Abstract

Political trust and Political Efficacy are considered to be the key indicators of measuring the health of the democratic system. The positive growth of these parameters of general political attitude is an indication of popular trust and belief in the system and the stability and efficacious nature of our governments in responding to popular demands. On the contrary, its fall indicates powerlessness and cynicism among the people that can be instrumental in dismantling of established political order. In the present world order especially in developing countries like India, the phenomenon of corruption is one of the anomalies- a dysfunction- that threatens to wreck into shreds the very fabric of democratic system that we cherish with so much fervor and vigor. In the present empirical study the authors investigate the impact of corruption on these barometers of democratic health. A survey was conducted in the western region of the largest state of India, i.e. Uttar Pradesh. In all 500 samples were collected randomly under stratified sampling technique. Prior to interview survey questionnaire technique, five categories were made on the basis of people's income level, educational attainment, religious affinities, region- rural/ urban, sex and mass media exposure. The authors found that the corruption is inversely related to political trust and political efficacy. Wherever people are exposed to less corrupt practices, they have shown a greater degree of trust in the system and its efficacy in delivering goods to them. In instances where corruption is more prevalent- whether electoral related or otherwise- people are less forthcoming in showing interest in political participation.

Keywords

Corruption, Political Trust, Political Efficacy.

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Asma Parveen ¹, Iram Feroz ¹, Iftekhar Ahmed ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IN
2 Department of Political Science, N.R.E.C College, Khurja, IN

Abstract

Every mindvidual whether teacher or student- whether sportingly active or academically active, has something m common i.e., they all perform their tasks at varying degrees of stress levels. Stress can be defined as a physical, mental or emotional demand, which tends to disturb the homeostasis of the body which directly influences health of an individual. Health may be defined negatively as the absence of illess, functionally as the ability to cope with every day activities, or positively as fitness and well being. Many researchers have demonstrated the impact of stress on health- at an optimum level of stress one reaps the benefits of alertness and activation that improves performance of a sports student but when stress crosses its optimal level it ultimately, negatively influences the health of both sports as well as non sports students. The present study comprised of 100 sports students and 100 non sports students selected randomly from Aligarh Muslim University. To measure stress symptoms, stress symptoms inventory developed by Dr.AK.Srivastav(1983)was used. lt has 39 items categonzed into 3 different dimensions: physical, psychological and social relational symptoms with 4 response categories ranging from never, sometimes, quite often to almost constantly. For the measurement of health, general health questionnaire (GHQ- 28) designed by Goldberg and Hillier (1979) was used, it has 28 items categorized into 4 different dimensions: Somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and severe depression with 4 response categories ranging from not at all, no more than usual, rather more than usual to much more than usual. Keeping m view the comparison between sports and non sports students on stress symptoms inventory and on general health questionnaire, the obtained data were statistically analyzed by means o f f test. Further multiple regression analysis using step wise method was applied which shows that stress symptoms predict the poor health among sports and non-sports student. ft was evident from Table 'A' that sports and non sports students differ significantly from each other on stress symptoms inventory The higher mean score of non sports students showed that they have more stress symptoms. Table 'B' showed sports students significantly differ from non sports students on general health questionnaire, significant value off indicate that both have different levels of health. The higher mean score of sports students showed that they have good health. Table 'C and 'D' showed that stress symptoms predict health among sports and non sports students respectively. It is clear from the table that all 3 difi-erent dimensions of stress symptoms emerged as siginficantly positive predictors of health among the sports students and significantly negative predictors of health among non sports students. Results of the present study revealed that there were significantly meaningful differences among sports and non sports students, ft means those students who have more stress symptoms they have worst health and those students who have less stress symptoms they have good health. Acertam level of stress IS needed for optimal performance. But as stress level increases from optimal level it impairs the health of an individual which negatively influences the performance of students.

Keywords

Stress, Sports, Students.

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