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Sakaguchi, Ikuo
- The Assessment of the Location of Carotid Bifurcation
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Authors
Satoshi Furukawa
1,
Lisa Wingenfeld
1,
Ikuo Sakaguchi
1,
Tokiko Nakagawa
1,
Akari Takaya
1,
Satomu Morita
1,
Shigeru Yamasaki
1,
Katsuji Nishi
1
Affiliations
1 The Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga, JP
1 The Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Vol 7, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 180-182Abstract
We experienced suicidal hanging cases without a ligature in front of neck and a manual strangulation without facial congestion. In the last case Carotid bifurcation (CB) located between C2-3 and at the upper of muscular bleeding. Carotid sinus stimulation is thought as a cause of syncope. Carotid sinus reflex is attributed to the stimulation, but somebody did not respond to the procedure. We showed the anatomical variation of CB location. Measurements were performed on 100 cadavers by the direct inspection method. CB level was compared to the level of cervical vertebra. Most frequency of CB was found at the level of C3. CB was variously distributed from the intermediate position of C1-2 to lower border of C5 on the vertebral column in Japanese population. The distribution pattern may be different from other population. 54% of the level of CB was asymmetrical between the right and left side. Our findings support the presumption that suicidal hanging and manual strangulation death due to carotid bifurcation stimulation cannot provoke death alone.Keywords
Carotid Sinus Reflex, Carotid Artery Bifurcation, Autopsy
References
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- Autopsic Investigations of the Morphological Variations of the Internal Jugular Venous Valve
Abstract Views :245 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu City, Shiga 520-2192, Japan, JP
1 Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa, Otsu City, Shiga 520-2192, Japan, JP
Source
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Vol 5, No 1 (2011), Pagination: 71-72Abstract
The internal jugular vein is a popular route for central venous catheter placement. The internal jugular veins are important venous vessels for returning blood from the brain. The internal jugular vein valves are the only venous valves between the heart and the brain. Internal jugular valve incompetence may result in retrograde cerebral venous flow during coughing and other precipitating activities. We investigated forty cadavers from legal autopsies to observe the morphological variations of the internal jugular venous valve. Valves were present bilaterally in 38 (95.0%) subjects and unilaterally in 2 (5.0%) subjects. Bicuspid valves were present in 70.5% of the valves we examined. Since the internal jugular vein is increasingly used for vascular access, knowledge about and evaluation of these valves may be useful in clinical practice to avoid damaging them during percutaneous procedures.References
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