Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Reshaping the Image of Women Owned Businesses in Difficult Times With Entrepreneurship Skills as Mediator Between Motivation and Efficiency : An Empirical Study


Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Post-Doctoral Fellow, UGC, Department of Business Management, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana, India
2 Professor, Department of Business Management, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana, India

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the health, financial systems, and human relations across the globe. Economic and social systems are forced to adopt new ways. India too has witnessed negative growth rate during the pandemic and has been experiencing far greater effect on the whole population. On the other hand, women-owned small businesses were negatively affected and the revenue of their businesses declined due to underlying reasons like subdued demand, disrupted supply chain systems, and lack of flow of funds. Exceptionally, there are few women-owned businesses that witnessed gains by reshaping their businesses with their bold and courageous steps. Inner traits like motivation skills are the combination of notable motivating factors considered in the study for women to enter into business. The other variable is entrepreneurship skill to become self-reliant through self-confidence, self-control, creativity, adaptability, innovation, and influence for entrepreneurial growth. The third and important variable is efficiency skill which is the combination of communication, commitment, team capabilities, collaboration, and high profitability promoting mobilization with efficient linking up with other economic, social, and political interventions. This success and increase in their revenue have been predominantly driven by some of the inherent traits in women which are entrepreneurial in nature like innovation, creativity, reinvention, and adapting to new things. The present paper was an understanding of how the mediating effect between the mediator was undertaken to measure and inspect the straight and ancillary trails affecting the variables. The goal was to describe the provisional and depending instruments by which variable motivation skill communicates its effect with mediator(s) entrepreneurship skills on to the other variable efficiency skill using process macro3.1v of SPSS-21. The results showed that there was significant correlation between the three variables and the total effect of women motivational skills on women efficiency skills was suggestively variant from zero. Thus, it was assumed that women are confident in decision-making, holding and reshaping the image in these difficult times with their combined motivation skills and entrepreneurship skills leading to efficiency of their businesses.

Keywords

Entrepreneurship, Image, Reinvention, Reshaping, Traits.

Paper Submission Date : October 12, 2021 ; Paper Sent Back for Revision : November 14, 2021 ; Paper Acceptance Date : November 20, 2021.

User
Subscription Login to verify subscription
Notifications
Font Size

  • Akter, S., Rutsaert, P., Luis, J., Me, N., Su, S., Raharjo, B., & Pustika, A. (2017). Women ’ s empowerment and gender equity in agriculture : A different perspective from Southeast Asia. Food Policy, 69, 270–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.05.003
  • Angulo-Guerrero, M. J., Pérez-Moreno, S., & Abad-Guerrero, I. M. (2017). How economic freedom affects opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship in the OECD countries. Journal of Business Research, 73, 30–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.11.017
  • Batool, S. A., Ahmed, H. K., & Qureshi, S. N. (2017). Impact of demographic variables on women’s economic empowerment: An ordered probit model. Journal of Women & Aging, 30(1), 6–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2016.1256734
  • Bayissa, F. W., Smits, J., & Ruben, R. (2018). The multidimensional nature of women’s empowerment: beyond the economic approach. Journal of International Development, 30(4), 661–690. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3268
  • Bloom, S. S. , Wypij, D., M., & Gupta, M. D. (2001). Dimensions of women ’ s autonomy and the influence on maternal health care utilization in a North Indian city. Demography, 38(1), 67–78. https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2001.0001
  • Brush, C., Ali, A., Kelley, D., & Greene, P. (2017). The influence of human capital factors and context on women’s entrepreneurship: Which matters more? Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 8(April), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2017.08.001
  • Chythra, P., & Gangu, A. B. (2021). Social entrepreneurship and women empowerment : Case study of Peepal Tree organisation. AMC Indian Journal of Entrepreneurship, 22–33. https://doi.org/10.17010/amcije/2021/v4i1/154345
  • Coduras, A., Saiz-Alvarez, J. M., & Ruiz, J. (2016). Measuring readiness for entrepreneurship: An information tool proposal. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 1(2), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2016.02.003
  • Deka, R. J. (2018). A study on the importance of skill development : Women entrepreneurs in India as a catalyst to women empowerment. Productivity, 58(4), 400–409.
  • Duflo, E. (2012). Women empowerment and economic development. Journal of Economic Literature, 50(4), 1051–1079. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.50.4.1051
  • Duvendack, M., Palmer-Jones, R., & Vaessen, J. (2014). Meta-analysis of the impact of microcredit on women’s control over household decisions: Methodological issues and substantive findings. Journal of Development Effectiveness, 6(2), 73–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/19439342.2014.903289
  • Galiè, A., Teufel, N., Korir, L., Baltenweck, I., Webb Girard, A., Dominguez-Salas, P., & Yount, K. M. (2019). The women’s empowerment in livestock index. Social Indicators Research, 142(2), 799–825. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1934-z
  • Golla, A. M., Malhotra, A., Nanda, P., & Mehra, R. (2011). Understanding and measuring women’s economic empowerment: definition, framework and indicators. International Centre for Research on Women. Retrieved from https://www.icrw.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Understanding-measuring-womens-economic-empowerment.pdf%5Cnhttp://ww.icrw.org
  • Hechavarria, D. M., Ingram, A., Justo, R., & Terjesen, S. (2012). Are women more likely to pursue social and environmental entrepreneurship? Global Women’s Entrepreneurship Research: Diverse Settings, Questions and Approaches, (March), 135–151. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781849804752.00016
  • Igartua, J. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2021). Mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: Concepts, computations, and some common confusions. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 24(6), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2021.46
  • Jonathan, E. G. (2005). Mulheres empreendedoras: Medos, conquistas e qualidade de vida. Psicologia Em Estudo, 10(3), 373–382. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-73722005000300005
  • Khanday, M. I., Shah, B. A., Mir, P. A., & Rasool, P. (2015). Empowerment of women in India: Historical perspective. European Academic Research, 2(11), 14494–14505.
  • Kwon, S. W., & Arenius, P. (2010). Nations of entrepreneurs: A social capital perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(3), 315–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.10.008
  • Laha, A., & Kuri, P. K. (2014). Measuring the impact of microfinance on women empowerment : A cross country analysis with special reference to India. International Journal of Public Administration, 37(7), 397–408. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2013.858354
  • Lemmon, G. T., & Vogelstein, R. (2017). Building inclusive economies; How women’s economic advancement promotes sustainable growth. https://cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/Discussion_Paper_Lemmon_Vogelstein_Women_Economies_OR.pdf
  • Mackinnon, D. P., Warsi, G., & Dwyer, J. H. (2010). Multivariate behavioral a simulation study of mediated effect measures, (September 2013), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr3001
  • Mahmud, S., Shah, N. M., & Becker, S. (2012). Measurement of women’s empowerment in rural Bangladesh. World Development, 40(3), 610–619. https://d
  • oi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.08.003
  • Manzanera-Román, S. & Brändle, G. (2016). Abilities and skills as factors explaining the differences in women entrepreneurship. Suma de Negocios, 7(15), 38–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sumneg.2016.02.001
  • Markussen, S., & Røed, K. (2017). The gender gap in entrepreneurship – The role of peer effects. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 134(201336), 356–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2016.12.013
  • Mathur, P., & Agarwal, P. (2017). Self-help groups: A seed for intrinsic empowerment of Indian rural women. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion, 36(2), 182–196. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-05-2016-0039 McCelland, D. C. P. (1961). The Achieving Society. NJ: Van Nostrand.
  • Mehra, R., Patel, P., Shetty, A., & Golla, A. (2012). Financial Services for Low-Income Women : Opportunities for Economic Empowerment ? International Center for Research on Women.
  • Mushtaq, S., & Shameem, B. (2020). A sustainable framework of micro entrepreneurship aiming towards self- sufficiency for lower income groups. AMC Indian Journal of Entrepreneurship, 3(4), 46–57. https://doi.org/10.17010/amcije/2020/v3i4/155758
  • Pettersson, K., Ahl, H., Berglund, K., & Tillmar, M. (2017). In the name of women? Feminist readings of policies for women’s entrepreneurship in Scandinavia. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 33(1), 50–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scaman.2017.01.002
  • Postmus, J. L., Plummer, S. B., McMahon, S., & Zurlo, K. A. (2013). Financial literacy: Building economic empowerment with survivors of violence. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 34(3), 275–284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-012-9330-3
  • Reddy, C. S., & Manak, S. (2005). Self-help groups : A keystone of microfinance in India. Women empowerment & social security. https://www.findevgateway.org/sites/default/files/publications/files/mfg-en-paper-self-help-groups-a-keystone-of-microfinance-in-india-women-empowerment-social-security-oct-2005.pdf
  • Rocha, H. O. (2004). Entrepreneurship and development: The role of clusters. Small Business Economics, 23(5), 363–400. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-004-3991-8
  • Samineni, S., & Ramesh, K. (2020). Measuring the impact of microfinance on economic enhancement of women: Analysis with special reference to India. Global Business Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150920923108
  • Seibel, H. D. (1969). Motivating economic achievement. By D. C. McClelland and D. G. Winter. New York and London: Free Press-Collier-Macmillan, 1969. 409 pp., Social Forces, 48(2), pp. 277–278. https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/48.2.277
  • Sen, A. (1999). Evaluative Reason : Oxford. Oxford University Press.
  • Stogdill, R. M. (1974). Handbook of leadership: A survey of the literature. New York: Free Press.
  • Sundström, A., Paxton, P., Wang, Y. T., & Lindberg, S. I. (2017). Women’s political empowerment: A new global index, 1900–2012. World Development, 94, 321–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.01.016
  • Szabo, Z. K., & Herman, E. (2012). Innovative entrepreneurship for economic development in EU. Procedia Economics and Finance, 3(12), 268–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(12)00151-7
  • Tandon, T. (2016). Women empowerment: perspectives and views. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 3(8), 6–12.
  • Vitt, L., Kent, J., Lyter, D. M., Siegenthaler, J. K., & Ward, J. (2000). Personal finance and the rush to competence: financial literacy education in the U.S. Personal Finance, (January 2000), 1–234. Retrieved from www.isfs.org/documents-pdfs/rep-finliteracy.pdf
  • Xavier, S. R., Ahmad, S. Z., Nor, L. M., & Yusof, M. (2012). Women entrepreneurs: Making a change from employment to small and medium business ownership. Procedia Economics and Finance, 4(Icsmed), 321–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(12)00347-4
  • Yadav, J. (2021). Self-help groups and women entrepreneurship in India : Opportunities and challenges. AMC Indian Journal of Entrepreneurship, 4(1), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.17010/amcije/2021/v4i1/159225

Abstract Views: 92

PDF Views: 0




  • Reshaping the Image of Women Owned Businesses in Difficult Times With Entrepreneurship Skills as Mediator Between Motivation and Efficiency : An Empirical Study

Abstract Views: 92  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Sridevi Samineni
Research Scholar, Post-Doctoral Fellow, UGC, Department of Business Management, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana, India
V. Sudha
Professor, Department of Business Management, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana, India

Abstract


COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the health, financial systems, and human relations across the globe. Economic and social systems are forced to adopt new ways. India too has witnessed negative growth rate during the pandemic and has been experiencing far greater effect on the whole population. On the other hand, women-owned small businesses were negatively affected and the revenue of their businesses declined due to underlying reasons like subdued demand, disrupted supply chain systems, and lack of flow of funds. Exceptionally, there are few women-owned businesses that witnessed gains by reshaping their businesses with their bold and courageous steps. Inner traits like motivation skills are the combination of notable motivating factors considered in the study for women to enter into business. The other variable is entrepreneurship skill to become self-reliant through self-confidence, self-control, creativity, adaptability, innovation, and influence for entrepreneurial growth. The third and important variable is efficiency skill which is the combination of communication, commitment, team capabilities, collaboration, and high profitability promoting mobilization with efficient linking up with other economic, social, and political interventions. This success and increase in their revenue have been predominantly driven by some of the inherent traits in women which are entrepreneurial in nature like innovation, creativity, reinvention, and adapting to new things. The present paper was an understanding of how the mediating effect between the mediator was undertaken to measure and inspect the straight and ancillary trails affecting the variables. The goal was to describe the provisional and depending instruments by which variable motivation skill communicates its effect with mediator(s) entrepreneurship skills on to the other variable efficiency skill using process macro3.1v of SPSS-21. The results showed that there was significant correlation between the three variables and the total effect of women motivational skills on women efficiency skills was suggestively variant from zero. Thus, it was assumed that women are confident in decision-making, holding and reshaping the image in these difficult times with their combined motivation skills and entrepreneurship skills leading to efficiency of their businesses.

Keywords


Entrepreneurship, Image, Reinvention, Reshaping, Traits.

Paper Submission Date : October 12, 2021 ; Paper Sent Back for Revision : November 14, 2021 ; Paper Acceptance Date : November 20, 2021.


References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.17010/amcije%2F2021%2Fv4i4%2F167519