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Manisha, D.
- Isolation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Evaluation its Effect on Plant Growth Over Chemical Fertilizers for Better Human Health
Authors
1 Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, BD
2 Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1207, BD
3 Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Chittagong, BD
4 Institute of Biological Sciences (IBSc), Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, BD
Source
SMU Medical Journal, Vol 1, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 192-206Abstract
Background: Plants grown under the environment of chemical fertilizer exert ill effects on human health. The role of beneficial microorganisms can prove to be the most effective alternative to chemical fertilizers for enhancing growth and biomass production of crop plant. Therefore the present study has been undertaken to get better understand the effects of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi over chemical fertilizers in enhancing the growth and biomass production of plants with aim for better human health. Materials and Methods: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) spores were isolated from rhizosheric soil by wet sieving and decanting method. The species of fungal spore were identified depending on morphological characteristics. To see the effect on plant growth, co-culture of AM fungal spores was performed with Zea mayes. Co-culture was done in six treatment groups where treatments (1, 2, and 3) were considered as control and treatments (4, 5, and 6) were sample. Results: Vesicles and arbuscules like structure were observed within the ischolar_main of Zea mayes. The shoot and ischolar_main weight of Treatments (T1-T6) was found 36.25±0.86g and 17.00±0.88g; 26.50±1.47g and 13.50±1.11g; 13.5±1.11g and 7.25±0.62g; 39.75±0.56 g and 20.5±0.57g; 33.75±0.41 g and 18.25±0.41g; 19.50±0.63 g and 10.5±0.42 g respectively. The mean weight of shoot and ischolar_main of Zea mayes in treatment 4 (T4) were significantly (p<0.001) higher than treatment 1 (T1). In case of T5 and T6, shoot and ischolar_main weight were also significantly higher than treatment 2 (T2, p<0.001) and treatment 3 (T3, p<0.001) respectively. Conclusion: When arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores are used with chemical fertilizers, it reduces the usage of chemical fertilizer and increase plant growth and biomass.Keywords
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Biofertilizer, Zea Mayes, Root Weight, Shoot Weight, Human Health.Full Text
- Risk Factors among the Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Patients Attending at Tertiary Level Hospitals of Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Authors
1 Charles Sturt University, AU
2 Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, BD
3 Department of Community Medicine, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Dhaka, BD
4 Institute of Biological Sciences (IBSc), Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, BD
Source
SMU Medical Journal, Vol 1, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 251-260Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases, mainly coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in Bangladesh and increasing in epidemic proportion in time.
Objective: To identify and quantify risk factors among the coronary heart disease patients attending at tertiary level hospitals.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 144 diagnosed CHD patients who were admitted in different tertiary level hospitals in Dhaka city during March to June 2010. The respondents were selected through purposive sampling for interview and data were collected by face to face interview. Patients record file were also reviewed using checklists. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16.0 and presented in tables and graphs.
Results: The mean age of the respondents were 55.26±12.35 years. More than two-third (69%) of the respondents were exposed to smoking. Majority (85%) were physically inactive. The recommended intake of fruits and vegetables by the respondents were low (30%). About 60% of the respondents were found to intake extra table salt. The percentage of overweight and obesity was high (67%) with higher proportion of women (82.1%) than men (62.9%). About two-third of the respondents (65%) were with higher level of cholesterol. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension were 36% and 51% respectively. Risk factors analysis revealed at least one risk factor was among almost all of the respondents (99.3%) and at least two, three and four risk factors was prevalent among 98.6%, 87.5% and 66.7% of the respondent respectively.
Conclusion: A substantial proportion of different behavioral, biological and biochemical risk factors were present among coronary heart disease patient that suggests the need for ongoing monitoring of CHD risk factors and implementation of effective preventive strategies for reducing secondary events and its consequences.
Keywords
Coronary Heart Disease, Risk Factors.Full Text