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Sethi, Debadatta
- Benefits and Constraints of Using Bioherbicide in Weed Management
Authors
1 Department of Agronomy, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan (W.B.), IN
2 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubneswar (Odisha), IN
Source
Rashtriya Krishi (English), Vol 11, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 23-24Abstract
Plant pathogens hold enormous potential as bioherbicide. In addition to the use of plant pathogens as bioherbicide, it is likely that pathogen derived genes, gene products, and genetic mechanisms will be exploited in the near future to provide novel weed-management systems. On the other hand, the present over-reliance on chemical herbicides is purely on economic considerations, at the exclusion of ecological and social benefits. Thus the serious limitation of environment could site use of bioherbicide.
- Use of Biochar for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
Authors
1 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubneswar (Odisha), IN
2 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubneswar (Odisha), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Economics, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubneswar (Odisha), IN
Source
Rashtriya Krishi (English), Vol 11, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 65-67Abstract
Climate change is threatening food security globally. Countries like India are more vulnerable in view of the tropical monsoon climate and poor coping capacity of the small and marginal farmers. Several agricultural practices like indiscriminate use of agro-chemicals and crop residue burning contribute to emission of greenhouse gases leading to warming of the atmosphere. Sequestration of carbon both in the vegetation and soil is the most effective means of mitigating GHG emissions. There are several strategies of soil carbon sequestration which can be adopted at farm level. One of the recent developments is the conversion of crop residue biomass into biochar and using the char as a soil amendment rather than directly using the crop residues.
- Liming for Enhancing Soil Quality in Acid Soils
Authors
1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan (W.B.), IN
3 Department of Agronomy, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), IN
Source
Rashtriya Krishi (English), Vol 11, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 97-98Abstract
Now it is very difficult to supply food to meet the demand of growing population. Acid soil is a major constraint for producing food grain. Farmers can enhance the soil quality of acid soils by liming to adjust pH to a desired levels needed by the crop to be grown. Benefits of liming include increased nutrient availability, soil structure and rates of infiltration. Soil pH is essential for the proper management and optimum soil and crop productivity. In aqueous solutions, an acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) to some other substance. Soil pH is a measure of the number of hydrogen ions in the soil solution. The low productivity of the agricultural sector is largely attributed to low and decreasing soil fertility due to many factors such as soil acidity, soil erosion, continuous cropping and inadequate sustainable soil fertility management (Crawford and US, 2008). For instance, the acidity affects the fertility of soils through nutrient deficiencies (P, Ca and Mg) and the presence of phytotoxic nutrients such as soluble Al and Mn. Application of lime increases both P uptake in high P fixing soil and plant ischolar_maining system by reducing Al and Mn toxicity and improving pH, Ca and Mg. The use of lime is a better option for soils sustainable management among the other options for restoring soil quality.
- Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture in India
Authors
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), IN
3 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), IN
Source
Rashtriya Krishi (English), Vol 12, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 4-8Abstract
India's agriculture is more dependent on monsoon from the ancient periods. Any change in monsoon trend drastically affects agriculture. Climate change is any significant long-term change in the expected patterns of average weather of region (or the whole Earth) over a significant period of time. It is about non-normal variations to the climate, and the effects of these variations on other parts of the Earth. Agriculture sector is the most sensitive sector to the climate changes because the climate of a region/country determines the nature and characteristics of vegetation and crops. Increase in the mean seasonal temperature can reduce the duration of many crops and hence, reduce final yield. The increased level of greenhouse gases (GHGs) (carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor (H2O), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) etc.) due to anthropogenic activities has contributed to an overall increase of the earth's temperature, leading to a global warming. The net effect of climate change on world agriculture is likely to be negative. Although some regions and crops will benefit, most will not. Indirect climate impacts include increased competition from weeds, expansion of pathogens and insect pest ranges and seasons, and other alterations in crop agro-ecosystems.References
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- Ayyappan, S. (2013). Indian agriculture: The way forward, climate change and sustainable food security SP, 4 pp. 37-40
- Jamil, Ahmad, Dastgir, Alam and Shaukat, Haseen (2011). Impact of climate change on agriculture and food Security in India. Internat. J. Agril., Env. & Biotech., 4: 129-137.
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- Krishnakumar, K., Rupakumar, K., Ashrit, R.G., Deshpande, N.R. and Hansen, J.W. (2004). Climate impacts on Indian agriculture. Internat. J. Climatology, 24 : 1375-1393.
- Rajeevan, M. (2008). Climate change and its impact on Indian Agriculture, pp. 1-12.