Rashtriya Krishi (English)

Usha ¹, Radhey Shyam ², Madhulika Srivastava ³, B. S. Rajput ¹

Affiliations
1 Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi (U.P.), IN
2 Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (Bihar), IN
3 Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Pollinators provide an essential ecosystem service, namely pollination. Indeed, One-third of world's agricultural crops depends upon pollination by animals, including birds, bats, lizards and other animals - but the main pollinators are insects. Insect pollinators include bees, (honey bees, solitary species, bumblebees); pollen wasps (Masarinae); ants; a variety of flies including bee flies and hoverflies; lepidopterans, both butterflies and moths; and flower beetles.

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Amit Kumar Jain ¹, Usha ¹, Bhalendra Singh Rajput ¹

Affiliations
1 Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Computer technology in agriculture field : Agriculture is a most common occupation in India. More than 50 per cent people lived in villages and the most of the family depends on the agriculture. Indian GDP also depend on agriculture so as agriculture will grow as well as Indian GDP also grow. Todays are computer world as well as day passes new technology also introduce. So use of computer technologies in Agriculture are most important for the farmers. Many of the agriculture equipment's, machines and farmers tools fully programmed by the Computer PCBs.

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R. S. Bali ¹, Ravinder Kour ², Usha ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Forestry, College of Forestry (V.C.S.G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry), Ranichauri, (Tehri Garhwal), IN
2 Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), New Delhi, IN
3 Rani Laxshhmi Bhi Central Agricultural University, Jhansi (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Seabuckthorn (Hippophae spp) a promising multipurpose tree of Himalaya, belonging to the family Elaeagnaceae, and is the most useful genus in the family. It is a thorny, temperate bush and is widely distributed throughout the dry temperate regions of Europe and Asia. As the name indicates Seabuckthorn, the plant has been growing from sea level to high altitude mountain regions but mainly distributed in higher elevation of Indian Himalaya, from Ladakh (J & K) to Lahaul-Spiti (H.P), Kumaon and Garhwal in Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh (Chauhan, 1995). Under natural conditions Seabuckthorn grows on slopes, well drained soil with silt, river banks, lakes, sea shores and waste lands. It is well adapted to dry conditions. Seabuckthorn the wonder plant of cold arid Himalaya, grows in wastelands, dry rocks and along river belts in Indus, Nubra, Chanthang, Suru, zanskar and Lauhal-Spiti valleys in India (Singh et al., 2000).

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Swati Maurya ¹, Usha ², Radhey Shyam ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Clothing and Textile, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand), IN
2 Department of Entomology, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi (U.P.), IN
3 Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (Bihar), IN

Abstract

Silk is a natural protein fibre. The actual fibre protein, called fibroin is composed of fifteen amino acids hooked together in long molecular chain. Sericin, the gum that holds the filaments together, is also a protein substance. Silk is often called ‘queen of fibres’. Silk is produced by the larvae of several moths. These larvae live on mulberry leaves and each tiny larva consumes an extremely large number of leaves. Raising of these insects is a laborious job. The larva attaches itself to a specially constructed straw frames, rears its head, and begins to spew the silk liquid, which hardens on contact with air. The larva spins by moving its head in a figure-eight motion and contrasts the cocoon from the outside in. As it spins, the larva decreases in size, and upon completion of cocoon it charges into dormant chrysalis. Except for those to be used for breeding, the cocoons are subjected to heat; which kills chrysalis. These cocoons can be stored until unreeled in preparation for yarn manufacturing.

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Swati Maurya ¹, Usha ², Radhey Shyam ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Clothing and Textile, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand), IN
2 Department of Entomology, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi (U.P.), IN
3 Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (Bihar), IN

Abstract

Flax is a bast fibre and obtained from the stock or stem of the Linum usitatissimum (member of the genus Linum in the family Linaceae). It is a food and fiber crop cultivated in cooler regions of the world. The textiles made from flax are known in the Western countries as linen. Like cotton, it is a cellulose polymer, but its structure is more crystalline, making it stronger, crisper and stiffer to handle, and more easily wrinkled. Flax fibres range in length upto 90 cm, and average 12 to 16 microns in diameter. They absorb and release water quickly, making linen comfortable to wear in hot weather. One of nature’s strongest vegetable fibres, flax was also one of the first to be harvested, spun and woven into textiles.

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