Research Journal of Science and Technology

Tanushree Chatterjee ¹, Pradeep Kumar Sahu ¹, Shilpi Chatterjee ¹

Affiliations
1 Raipur Institute of Technology, RITEE, Chatauna, Mandir Hasaud, Raipur, C.G. 492101, IN

Abstract

Fungi within the phylum Gigasporomycota were investigated in iron mines fields in Chhattisgarh. Chhattisgarh is located between 21.27°N 81.60°E. The fungi within this phylum form arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis with plant ischolar_mains. Sampling of soil was carried out to a depth of 30 cm in the rhizosphere. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were found at all 10 sampling sites in each field, at densities in between 0 to 03 spores per g dry weight of soil. Significant differences in spore densities were found between unmined, mined and dumped area of iron mines fields. Our study revealed that the upper half (0-15 cm) of the soil profiles had significantly more spores than the lower half (15-30 cm). Spores from ten sampling sites were identified from the indigenous soils. Almost 90% were shown to belong to the genus Gigaspora. The other genera found were Glomus and Sclerocystis.

Keywords

Isolation, Identification, Spore Density, Soil Analysis.

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Tanushree Chatterjee ¹, Pradeep Kumar Sahu ², Shilpi Chatterjee ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, RITEE, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, RITEE, Raipur Chhattisgarh, IN

Abstract

Vesicular- arbuscular mycorrhizal associations with plants are widely distributed and are geographically ubiquitous. Vesicular- arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) fungi a group of important soil micro-organism. VAM importance in iron ore mines for revegetation and reclamination. In these present work inoculation studies with VAM of existing five tree species are namely, Dulbergia sisso, Gmelina arborea, , Diospyros melanoxylon, Delonix regia, Dendrocalamus strictus, in nursery pot culture. Comparative studies in different parameter like percentage ischolar_main infection, no. of VAM, ischolar_main length, shoot length, fresh and dry biomass, ischolar_main and shoot length ratio, fresh and dry biomass ratio within 90 days inoculation. In many parameters the VAM inoculated plants show better performance and encouraged results compare then non inoculated control plants.

Keywords

Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza, Inoculation, Revegetation.

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Pradeep Sahu ¹, Alok Pandey ¹, Shardanand Sahani ¹, Ravindra Dhar Dubey ¹, Shilpi Chatterjee ¹, Tanushree Chatterjee ¹

Affiliations
1 Raipur Institute of Technology, RITEE, Chhatauna, Mandir Hasaud, Raipur (C.G.) 492101, IN

Abstract

Mycorrhiza is a mutualistic association between fungi and higher plants . Different types of mycorrhizae occur, distinguished by their morphology and to a certain extent, in their physiology. These include the ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae. The ectomycorrhizae characterized by an external sheath of fungal cells surrounding the ischolar_main, often penetrates between the cells of epidermis and the first few cells of cortex and the fungal hyphae typically infect the ischolar_mains of forest trees of the temperate region. While mycorrhizae endomycorrhizae like vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VA) fungi forms no sheath, the fungus infects the ischolar_main system of most cultivated crops and usually it invades several layers of the outer ischolar_main cortex. VA-fungal hyphae penetrate individual cells and form arbuscules within the cell and vesicles outside their host cells which led to their name. VA-fungi are associated with improved growth of many plant species due to increased nutrients uptake, production of growth promoting substances, tolerance to drought, salinity and transplant shock and synergistic interaction with other beneficial soil microorganisms such as N-fixers and P-solubilizer. Symbiotic association of plant ischolar_mains with VA-fungi often result in enhanced growth because of increased acquisition of phosphorus (P) and other low mobile mineral nutrients. Effective nutrient acquisition by VA-fungi is generally attributed to the extensive hyphal growth beyond the nutrient depletion zone surrounding the ischolar_main. Although a lack in growth response to VA-fungi inoculation in unsterilized soil was also recorded, this result has been attributed to the fact that native VA-fungi may provide the potential benefit of this mutualistic association.

Keywords

Mycorrhiza, Ectomycorrhizae, Endomycorrhizae, Mutualistic, Hyphae.

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