Research Journal of Science and Technology

Lal Babu Prasad Yadav ¹, Ajay Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur – 273 009 (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Water is as essential component of life and to maintain ecological process of the bio-system, has a very important role in human civilization. River, tanks, ponds, and reservoirs constitute the main resource of Inland water. Water covers about 73% of the earth's surface and provides the most extensive medium for majority of animals; therefore, an adequate knowledge of their environment is indispensable. It has been estimated that the total area of fresh water of the world is about 0.5% of the total earth's surface. Water can serve as source of drinking water, water for irrigation, industries, power development and fisheries. Water plays an important role in the life of human beings. In the last few decades, limitless urbanization has caused a serious pollution problem due to the disposal of sewage to the water bodies. The present study focused on the physico-chemical parameters of pond water in chhapakaiya pond birgunj, Nepal in four different sites. All parameter were analyzed as per the standard methods given in American Public Health Association (APHA). Water quality parameters such as depth, transparency, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), carbon dioxide and nitrate were analyzed.

Keywords

Depth, Transparency, Temperature, pH, DO, CO₂, Nitrate, Pond.

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Abhay Deep Johnson ¹, Ajay Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur – 273 009 (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Laboratory evaluation was made to assess the larvicidal activity of biologically active compound, Rutin extracted from Codiaeum variegatum (family: Euphorbiaceae) leaf obtained through soxhlet apparatus against larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus which is the serious vector of filarial worm, Wuchereria bancrofti causing lymphatic filariasis in human beings. The active compound Rutin extracted through ethyl alcohol solvent from the leaf of Codiaeum variegatum was administered for 24h or 96h to the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. Exposure of larvae over 24h to sub-lethal doses (40% and 80% of LC₅₀) of ethyl alcohol extract of Codiaeum variegatum leaf, significantly (P<0.05) altered the level of total protein, total free amino acid, glycogen and enzyme activity i.e. acetyl cholinesterase activity, acid and alkaline phosphates activity in whole body tissue of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. The alterations in all these biochemical parameters were significantly (P<0.05) time and dose dependent. Codiaeum variegatum (Family: Euphorbiaceae) commonly known as croton in India, which is used as traditional medicine for the treatment of various human ailments such as antiamoebic, antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal, antioxidant, emmenagogue, purgative and sedative. A decoction of the crushed leaves is used in the treatment of diarrhea. The ischolar_main is used in the treatment of gastric ulcers and wound healing activity.

Keywords

Codiaeum variegatum, Euphorbiaceae, Culex quinquefasciatus, Biochemical Effects, Wuchereria bancrofti.

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Kamlesh Kumar ¹, Ajay Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology D D U Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273009, IN

Abstract

Presence of predatory and weed fishes in fish cultured pond is also serious problem due to their faster growth rate and better utilization of food and cultured carp habitat. Due to their carnivorous nature they engulf the finger lings of cultured crops and adversely affect the aquaculture production. The WHO and FAO have tested several thousand synthetic compound for the control of weed and predatory fishes through these pesticide so for not provide them self to be entirely satisfactory with a growing awareness of environmental pollution, effort are being made to find out piscicidal product from plant origin. Being product of bio synthesis, these are easily biodegradable in nature. Exposure to 96 hour of fish with sub lethal doses (40% and 80% of LC₅₀, 24h) of latex powder of Nerium indcum caused significant (P<0.05) decrement in the level of total protein, glycogen and nuclic acids and enhancement in level of total free amino acid and activity of enzyme proteases. The reversibility in action and non-toxic effect on mammals are the important positive feature of these botanical piscicides, which reduce the threat of environmental pollution.

Keywords

Predatory Fish, Piscicide, Glycogen, Channa punctuates, Nerium indcum, Proteases.

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Kumari Mamta ¹, Ajay Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur- 273009 (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Pollution of water resources is a serious and growing problem, despite the existence of relevant legislation. Genotoxic studies of effluent pollutants are very important as they tend to accumulate in aquatic animals. Thus use of aquatic organism to detect the genotoxicity is very useful in environment monitoring. Ramgarh Lake is an important water body of Gorakhpur, U.P. India, which received untreated effluents from different sources of Gorakhpur city. It covers an area of 723hectares, with a circumference of 18 kilometers. The aim of the Present study was to evaluate the toxic impact of these effluents on water quality as well as genotoxic effects on fish. Micronuclei test was employed to study genotoxicity inhabiting in lake. A significant (p<0.05) increment in number of micronuclei were found in fishes directly caught from different sites of lake. Seasonal variation in Physico-chemical parameters (i.e. Temperature, pH, DO, BOD, COD, TSS, and TDS) of water body also measured on basis of American Public Health Association (APHA) method. All these parameters were much higher than the tolerance limit recommended by Central Pollution Control Board of India.

Keywords

Genotoxicity, Channa punctatus, Micronuclei, Physico-Chemical Parameters, APHA.

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