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Sharma, Raj
- History of Medicine - Herbal Medicine Scenario; A Review
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Affiliations
1 Govt. Medical College, Jagdalpur C.G., IN
1 Govt. Medical College, Jagdalpur C.G., IN
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Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 3, No 2 (2011), Pagination: 45-47Abstract
Herbel medicines have come a long way since the days of the ancient herbalism the evidence of which goes back about 60,000 years. The plant kingdom has provided an endless source of medicinal plants - earlier used in crude forms but today even the active principal has been successfully isolated. This gives a lead to transform these herbals into evidence based medicine that can keep pace with today's modern medicine. This policy will help in enriching our rich ancient culture of traditional medicines to be utilized to its maximum extent. This may also help, to provide a pharmacological basis for the herbals and thus the knowledge of science of ancient herbalism should not vanish in antiquity.References
- Anthony.C.Dweck (2002) Herbal Medicine for the skin their chemistry and Effect on skin and mucous membranes personal care magazine: 32 pp-19- 21
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- Bhagavan Dash and Sharma, B.K., Charak Samhita, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Series office, Varanasi India, 2001, 7th edn.
- Dahanukar , S and T, U., Ayurveda Revisited, Popular Prakashan Mumbai 2000, 3rd edn., Chopra, A and Doiphode, V., Med. CLin. North Am., 2002.
- Dahanukar,S and T, U., Ayurveda Revisited, Popular Prakashan Mumbai 2000, 3rd edn.
- Majno, G. (1978) The Healing Hand, p.183, 339, Harvard University Press, Cambridge ,MA.
- Tyler 1982, Michael A. Dubick (1986) American Institute of Nutrition Pp 1348-1354.
- Bettman, O.(1956) A pictorial history of Medicine, Charles C Thomas Sprigfield, IL.
- Bacher W. Scham a Ls Name Palastinas. Jew Q Rev 1906; 18:564-5.
- Lyons, A.S. and Petriceli R.J., II (1978) History of Medicine, Harvey N.Abrams, Inc., NewYark.
- Fenner, L. (1983) The spices of life . FDA Consumer 17,10-15.
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- V. P. Kamboj Current Science, Vol. 78, NO. 1, 10 Jan. 2000
- Anonymous (1997). Great pharmacopia of tradisnal Chinese Medicine [in chinese] Pp.3, 11.Shanghai, China: Shanghai Publishing House of science and Technology.
- Lyons, A.S. and Petriceli R.J.,II (1978) History of Medicine, Harvey N. Abrams, Inc., NewYark.
- Singh, A., Bull. Indian Inst. Hist. Med. Hyderabad, 2000, 30, 41-58.
- Wu, D. X. (1996) Review on Healthy Liquors in China. Pp.30-60. Shanghai : Publising house of Shanghai Science and Technology.
- V. P. Kamboj Current Science, Vol. 78, No. 1, 10 Jan. 2000
- The Effects of Pipe Curenium Bromide on Pulse Rate and Blood Pressure
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Govt. Medical College, Dept. of Anesthesia1, Jagdalpur (Bastar) 494001, IN
2 Govt. Medical College, Jagdalpur (Bastar) 494001, IN
1 Govt. Medical College, Dept. of Anesthesia1, Jagdalpur (Bastar) 494001, IN
2 Govt. Medical College, Jagdalpur (Bastar) 494001, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 3, No 4 (2011), Pagination: 154-157Abstract
On analysis of the collected data, it has been revealed that in study group, there was rise, fall and no change in pulse rate of 56.66, 11.66 and 31.66% patients in comparison to 84.0, 12.0 and only 4.0 patients of control group respectively. Regarding effect on B.P. of study group in comparison to control group, a significant difference in fall of B.P. was noted, regarding increase in B.P., the difference found statistically insignificant. Thus Pipe curenium bromide has been found to be cardiovascular stable muscle relaxant.Keywords
Pulse Rate, Blood Pressure.References
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- Singh Clinical Evaluation of Pan curonium bromide. Asian Arch. Anaesth. & Resusc. 1979; 1: 166.
- Basta S.J. et al Non depolarizing muscle relaxant, Anaesth. Indian J Ansth. 1982; 54: 435.
- Singh H. et al Clinical Comparision of Pan curonium, vencuronium and atracurium. Indian J Anaesth. 1990; 38: 284.
- Loh K. Cardiovascular effect of Pan curonium bromide. Anaesthesia 1950; 25: 356.
- Bansal A.K. and Chandorkar R.K. (1993) knowledge, Belief and Practice: A study of Tribal mothers about feeding of infants; Tribal Health Bulletine (ICMR); Vol. - 2, No. - 3 & 4: 1-2.
- Bansal A.K. and Chandorkar R.K. (1993) effectiveness of ICDS in child care in Rural and Tribal areas of Chhattisgarh (M.P.) J. Ravi Shankar uni; Vol. - 6, No.-B (Science) 61-65.
- Bansal A.K. and Saxena V.B.(2000) impact of I.C.D.S. on Pregnancy pattern of Tribal and Non Tribal women. J. Ravi Shankar uni; Vol. - 13, No.-B (Science) 54-58.
- Bansal A.K. and Chandorkar R.K. (1993) utilization of Health Care delivery by Tribal and Non Tribal women of an ICDS block (1993) J. Ravi Shankar uni; Vol.-6, No.-B (Science) 57-60.
- Bansal A.K., Agarwal Ashok K. and Govila A.K. (1998-99) Status of girl child amongst Tribal and Non Tribal in the unreached rural India; J. Ravi Shankar uni; Vol. - 11-12, No.-B (Science) 31-36.
- Bansal A.K. and Agarwal A.K. (1994) impact of training the knowledge of Tribal and Non Tribal Anganwade workers; J. Ravi Shankar uni; Vol. - 7, No.-B (Science) 51-54.
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- Bansal A.K. and Chandorkar R.K. Impact of I.C.D.S. on morbidity due to Nutritional deficiency Diseases amongst Tribe and Non Tribe Children; Research J Science and Tech.; 2009: 1(2); 82-84.
- Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about HIV amongst the Medical Undergraduates of Bastar Region
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HIV/AIDS, the disease, whose mode of transmission is known and is largely preventable, but due to lack of knowledge and practices about HIV in general population causes its rapid spread. It is a well-known fact that the estimated prevalence of HIV infection among people of 15-49 years in India is almost 1%. It has made our country to stand in second position among the list of countries having more number of HIV patients.
To assess the knowledge, Attitude, Practice amongst medical undergraduates of Government Medical College, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh.
The present cross sectional study was conducted on 100 medical undergraduates. The information concerning basic knowledge of HIV infection, its mode of transmission and methods of prevention were gathered in a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. The results of our study showed that all the medical undergraduates (100%) students heard about the infection. Television (95%) and Newspaper (81%) were the most common sources of information about HIV. Although, all of them had correct knowledge about the causative agent, but only 43% had knowledge about availability of drugs to halt the progression of infection in the body. The students excelled in their knowledge about availability of centres for diagnosis (73%). Majority of them (98%) were well informed about sexual route being the commonest mode of transmission. Misconceptions about transmission were also prevailing in the students. The study recommended the need for development and organization of HIV/AIDS training sessions at regular intervals from high school level to inception of medical curriculum.
Authors
Affiliations
1 Late Shree Baliram Kashyap Memorial Government Medical College Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, IN
1 Late Shree Baliram Kashyap Memorial Government Medical College Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 6, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 82-85Abstract
"AIDS" is the acronym of "Acquired Immune-Deficiency Syndrome" which is a fatal disease described variously as modern plague, modern scourge, devastating disease, insidious microbiological bomb, biological disaster and so-on. It is a world health problem of extraordinary scale and extreme urgency. AIDS has emerged as one of the most important public health issues of the late twentieth and early twenty- first centuries and is now one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality.HIV/AIDS, the disease, whose mode of transmission is known and is largely preventable, but due to lack of knowledge and practices about HIV in general population causes its rapid spread. It is a well-known fact that the estimated prevalence of HIV infection among people of 15-49 years in India is almost 1%. It has made our country to stand in second position among the list of countries having more number of HIV patients.
To assess the knowledge, Attitude, Practice amongst medical undergraduates of Government Medical College, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh.
The present cross sectional study was conducted on 100 medical undergraduates. The information concerning basic knowledge of HIV infection, its mode of transmission and methods of prevention were gathered in a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. The results of our study showed that all the medical undergraduates (100%) students heard about the infection. Television (95%) and Newspaper (81%) were the most common sources of information about HIV. Although, all of them had correct knowledge about the causative agent, but only 43% had knowledge about availability of drugs to halt the progression of infection in the body. The students excelled in their knowledge about availability of centres for diagnosis (73%). Majority of them (98%) were well informed about sexual route being the commonest mode of transmission. Misconceptions about transmission were also prevailing in the students. The study recommended the need for development and organization of HIV/AIDS training sessions at regular intervals from high school level to inception of medical curriculum.
Keywords
Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Medical Undergraduates, HIV, Bastar Region.References
- UNAIDS. Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic, 2005.
- www.nacooline.org- NACO Press release on HIV Estimate.
- World Health Organization - South East Asia Region. Enhancing the Role of Medical Schools in STI/HIV and TB control. WHO project ICP RHR 001.2000; SEA-AIDS (118): 10-12.
- Kubde S.Zodpey S, Vasudeo N. AIDS’s awareness among nursing students. Indian J Public Health. 1995; 39(3):109-12.
- Kumar R, Mohan N, Seenu V, et al. Knowledge, attitude and practices towards HIV among nurses in a tertiary care teaching hospital: two decades after the discovery. J Commun Dis. 2002; 34(4): 245-56.
- Puri K. J, Gulati B, Pall A and Madan. A. Study of knowledge, attitude and behaviour pattern on HIV/AIDS among medical students. Indian Journal of Dermatology. 2003; 48(1): 23-35.
- Tesch BJ, Simpson DE, Kirby BD. Medical and nursing students' attitudes about AIDS issues. Acad Med. 1990 Jul; 65(7):467-9.
- Kopacz DR, Grossman LS, Klamen DL. Medical students and AIDS: Knowledge, attitudes and implications for education. Health Educ Res. 1999; 14(1): 1-6.
- Al-Serouri AW, Takiolidin M. Knowledge, attitude and beliefs about HIV/AIDS in Sana'a, Yemen. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2002, 8(6):706–715.
- Kumar A, Lal P, Ingle GK. AIDS-related apprehensions among nursing students of Delhi. J Commun Dis. 1999; 31(4): 217-21.
- Koksal S, Namal N, Vehid S, Yurtsever E. Knowledge and Attitude Towards HIV/AIDS Among Turkish Student. Infectious Diseases Journal of Pakistan. 2005; Oct – Dec:118-123.
- Samant Y, Mankeshwar R, Sankhe L, Parker DL. HIV-Related Knowledge and Attitudes among First Year Medical Students in Mumbai, India. Int Electronic J of Health Education, 2006; 9:13-24.
- Brijmohan S, Vashist S. Knowledge and Attitude of adolescent girls towards AIDS in settlement area. Ind J Prev Med. 1996; 27(3):96.
- Azodo C, Umoh A, Ezeja E, Ukpebo M. A Survey of HIV-related Knowledge and attitude among dental nursing students in South- Western Nigeria. Benin Journal of Postgraduate Medicine. 2007; 9 (1): 1-12.
- Jaiswal S et al. HIV/AIDS and STI related knowledge, attitude and practice among high school students in Kathmandu valley. Kathmandu University Medical Journal, 2005, 3(1): 69–67.
- Evaluation of Self Medication amongst Medical Students of Bastar Region: A Questionnaire Based Study
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To determine the prevalence, attitude and knowledge of self medication amongst medical students of Late Shree Baliram Kashyap Memorial Government Medical College, Jagdalpur.
This questionnaire based study was performed on 181 medical students of 1st, 2nd and final year aged between 17-26 years. Mean age was found to be 21.5 ± 2.5 years. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed amongst the participants after explaining the purpose of the study and taking informed consent.
The results of this study showed that out of 181 students 164 (90.60 %) students used self medication, Most common reason for self administration was found to be previous experience 54 (32.92%). Commonest source of information for self medication were doctors (old prescription) 87(53.04%), and the most common indication for self medication was fever 62(37.8 %).
Crocin was the most common medicine used as self medication 72 (43.90%).Only 52 (31.70%) students were having the knowledge about content, dose, duration of therapy and adverse drug reaction of the used medication .Side effects were faced by 39 (23.78%) student during the course of self medication. The most common source to obtain medicines for self medication was pharmaceutical store 92 (56.1%).
The findings from this study highlights the striking prevalence of self medication among medical students, the lack of knowledge and the risks associated with them. We recommend that a holistic approach must be taken to prevent this problem from escalating which would involve awareness and education regarding the implications of self medication, strategies to prevent the supply of medicines without prescription by pharmacies and strict rules regarding pharmaceutical advertising.
Authors
Affiliations
1 Late Shree Baliram Kashyap Memorial Government Medical College Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, IN
1 Late Shree Baliram Kashyap Memorial Government Medical College Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 6, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 108-111Abstract
Self-medication provides low cost alternative for expensive medical management but inappropriate use can cause problems. For medical undergraduates such practice has special significance since they have medical knowledge but that to very superficial. Hence the present study was planned to evaluate the status of self medication amongst students studying in different years of MBBS.To determine the prevalence, attitude and knowledge of self medication amongst medical students of Late Shree Baliram Kashyap Memorial Government Medical College, Jagdalpur.
This questionnaire based study was performed on 181 medical students of 1st, 2nd and final year aged between 17-26 years. Mean age was found to be 21.5 ± 2.5 years. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed amongst the participants after explaining the purpose of the study and taking informed consent.
The results of this study showed that out of 181 students 164 (90.60 %) students used self medication, Most common reason for self administration was found to be previous experience 54 (32.92%). Commonest source of information for self medication were doctors (old prescription) 87(53.04%), and the most common indication for self medication was fever 62(37.8 %).
Crocin was the most common medicine used as self medication 72 (43.90%).Only 52 (31.70%) students were having the knowledge about content, dose, duration of therapy and adverse drug reaction of the used medication .Side effects were faced by 39 (23.78%) student during the course of self medication. The most common source to obtain medicines for self medication was pharmaceutical store 92 (56.1%).
The findings from this study highlights the striking prevalence of self medication among medical students, the lack of knowledge and the risks associated with them. We recommend that a holistic approach must be taken to prevent this problem from escalating which would involve awareness and education regarding the implications of self medication, strategies to prevent the supply of medicines without prescription by pharmacies and strict rules regarding pharmaceutical advertising.
Keywords
Evaluation, Self Medication, Medical Student, Bastar Region, Questionnaire Based Study.References
- World Health Organization: Guidelines for the regulatory assessment of Medicinal Products for use in self- medication. WHO/EDM/QSM/00.1, 2000.
- Hughes CM, Mcelnay JC, Fleming GF. Benefits and risks of selfmedication. Drug Saf 2001; 24:1027-37.
- World Health Organisation. Report of WHO Expert Committee on National Drug Policies 1995. http://www.who.int./medicines/ library/dap/who-dap-95-9/who-dap.95.9,shtml.
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- Sontakke SD, Bajait CS, Pimpalkhute SA, Jaiswal KM and Jaiswal SR (2011). Comparative study of valuation of selfmedication practices in first and third year medical students. International Journal of Biological and Medical Research 2(2) 561-564.
- Sharma R, Verma U, Sharma CL and Kapoor B (2005). Selfmedication among urban population of Jammu city. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 37 40-43.
- Verma RK, Mohan L and Pandey M (2010). Evaluation of selfmedication among professional students in North India: proper statutory drug control must be implemented. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 3(1) 60-64.
- Banerjee I and Bhadury T (2012). Self-medication practice among undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care medical college, West Bengal. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine 58 127- 131.
- Sontakke SD, Bajait CS, Pimpalkhute SA, Jaiswal KM and Jaiswal SR (2011). Comparative study of evaluation of selfmedication practices in first and third year medical students. International Journal of Biological and Medical Research 2(2) 561-564.
- Olayemi OJ, Olayinka BO and Musa AI (2010). Evaluation of Antibiotic Self-Medication Pattern amongst Undergraduate Students of Ahmadu Bello University (Main Campus), Zaria. Research Journal of Applied Sciences Engineering and Technology 2(1) 35-38.
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- A Study of Package Inserts Amongst Medical, Nursing Students: A Questionnaire Based Study
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Late Shree Baliram Kashyap Memorial Government Medical College Jagdalpur (Chhattisgarh), IN
1 Late Shree Baliram Kashyap Memorial Government Medical College Jagdalpur (Chhattisgarh), IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 6, No 4 (2014), Pagination: 181-183Abstract
Package insert is an officially approved document that accompanies a drug. It is intended to provide information for the safe and effective use of a drug and contains information based on regulatory guidelines. Sometimes, information provided in the package inserts is suboptimal which can led to medication errors. This study was undertaken to assess the presentation and completeness of clinical information provided in the currently available package inserts for antidiabetic, anti-hypertensive and hypolipedemic drugs in India. A package insert or prescribing information (in Europe, Patient information leaflet for human medicines or Package Leaflet for veterinary medicines) is a document provided along with a prescription medication to provide additional information about that drug. In developing countries, the package insert is considered an important source of drug information for health care providers as well, because of limited ability to access up-to-date information about drugs. The quality and quantity of information available in the package insert has been shown to influence patient's compliance and satisfaction. This study was undertaken to assess the knowledge about package inserts amongst medical students. A prevalidated questionnaire based study was conducted amongst 100 medical students. It was observed that significantly large number of student (42%) do not even read package inserts. 18% looked for indications,19% looked for contraindications, 21% looked for adverse effects and 23% opinioned that it should be in mother tongue. It is a good idea to review the need of more awareness amongst the students and certain changes in the package inserts.Keywords
Awareness, Medical Students, Nursing Students Package Inserts, Questionnaire Based Study.References
- Regner MJ, Hermann F, Ried LD. Effectiveness of a printed leaflet for enabling patients to use digoxin side-effect information. Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1987; 21(2):200-4.
- Mottram DR, Reed C. Comparative evaluation of patient information leaflets by pharmacists, doctors and the general public. J Clin Pharm Ther. 1997;22(2):127-34.
- Gibbs S, Waters WE, George CF. Prescription information leaflets: a national survey. J R Soc Med. 1990;83(5):292-97.
- Gibbs S, Waters WE, George CF. The benefits of prescription information leaflets. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1989;27(6):723-39.
- Weitbrecht WU, Vosskamper C. Influence of the drug package information paper on compliance of neurological and psychiatric outpatients. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2000;70(4):178-84.
- Bjerrum L, Foged A. Patient information leaflets--helpful guidance or a source of confusion? Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2003;12(1):55-59.
- YM Shivalkar, JPGM 2009; 55 (2) : 104-107.
- Pandya H, Lakhani JD, Dadhania J, Trivedi A. The prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia among Type 2 diabetic patients at rural based hospital in Gujarat, India. Indian Journal of Clinical Practice. 2012;22(12):36-44.
- Tayyem MM. Patient’s Safety Information Available On Drug Package Inserts Used In Neuroanesthesia. The Internet Journal of Anesthesiology. 2009;19(2) DOI: 10.5580/4c.
- Joubert PH, Skene D. Attitudes of private medical practitioners towards package inserts and other drug information sources. S Afr Med J. 1984;66:306-7. [PubMed]
- Fuchs J, Hippius M, Schaefer M. Analysis of German package inserts. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006;44(1):8-13. [PubMed]
- Al-aqeel SA. Evaluation of medication package inserts in Saudi Arabia. Drug Healthcare Patient Saf. 2012;4:33-38. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
- Bawazir SA, Abou-auda HS, Gubara OA, et al. Public attitude toward drug technical package inserts in Saudi Arabia. J Pharm Technol. 2003; 19:209-18.
- Al-Ramahi R, Zaid AN, Kettana N, Sweileh W, Al-Jabi D. Attitudes of consumers and healthcare professionals towards the patient package inserts - a study in Palestine. Pharmacy Practice (Internet) 2012 Jan-Mar;10(1):57-63. [PubMed]