Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics

Abstract

Methods: This post operative randomized double masked clinical trial comprised patients with age related cataract having undergone extracellular cataract extraction (ECCE) with or without posterior chamber Intra ocular lense implementation (PC-IOL). They were randomly assigned to use topical timoilol or betaxolol or levobunalol or acetazolamide or intracameral pilocarpine (Group 1a/1b/1c/1d/.1e) respectively at the completion of the surgery. Two controls were taken- a. Intra-ocular pressure in the follow eye (Control-I) b. Intraocular pressure in the operated eye ,in which no Introcular pressure reducing drugs had been instilled (Control-II ) (Group-II). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured 6 hours, 24hours, 3^rd day, 7^th day and 2^nd month postoperatively. The anterior chamber was examined for the levels of cells and flare using slit lamp examination.

Results: Levobunalol was more effective in reducing post operative IOP rise at 6 hours of surgery, 3^rd day, 7^th day 1^st month, and 2^nd month where as Timolol was more effective at 24 hours. There were significant difference in IOP between Group-I (those patients who received topical iop reducing drugs) and group-II (operated patients without any IOP reducing drugs) post operatively (p<0.05). No excessive postoperative inflammation was observed in any group. In the control group-I (fellow eye), IOP remained constant throughout the period. This indicated that the drugs were not playing any major role in altering IOP of the fellow eye. In the control II (group-II), maximum mean pressure rise was 18 mm Hg at six hours. This indicated that it was the operative procedure that was causing the rise in IOP. Diurnal variation in IOP was playing no significant role.

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Abstract

Out of 50 patients, 5 (10%) patients were in age group of 31 t5o 40 years; 11(22%) in 41 to 50 years, 14 (28%) in 51 to 60 and 12 (24%) cases in the age group of 61 to 70 years. Out of 50 cases 30 (60%) and 20 (40%) respectively belong to rural and urban back ground respectively. On further analysis, 35 cases presented with disturbed consciousness, 15 cases had weakness, 14 had speech loss, fever was noted in 7 cases and convulsion was present in 4 cases. Vomiting was also present in 4 cases, headache was complaint of 5 cases and one case had vision loss. More than one symptoms were present in all patients.

The predominant presenting sign of motor weakness was seen in the 15 cases disturbed consciousness in 35 patients, 7^th cranial nerve involvement seen in 19 cases. Blood pressure was elevated in 31 cases. Out of 50 cases 22 had systemic hypertension as a associated disease, 5 cases had cardiac lesions, another 5 patients had past history of CVA, 2 patients had diabetes mellitus, 1 case was associated with pulmonary tuberculosis and one case had cerebral malaria. Out of 50 cases, 47 cases presented as hemiplegia, 2 had quadriplegia and only one had monoplegia.

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