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Patil, P. M.
- Review Article on Gene Therapy
Abstract Views :251 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 Modern College of Pharmacy, Sector 21, Yamunanagar, Nigdi, Pune-44 (M.S), IN
2 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur, IN
1 Modern College of Pharmacy, Sector 21, Yamunanagar, Nigdi, Pune-44 (M.S), IN
2 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 4, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 77-83Abstract
Gene therapy can be broadly defined as the transfer of genetic material to cure a disease or at least to improve the clinical status of a patient. One of the basic concepts of gene therapy is to transform viruses into genetic shuttles, which will deliver the gene of interest into the target cells. Based on the nature of the viral genome, these gene therapy vectors can be divided into RNA and DNA viral vectors. The majority of RNA virus-based vectors have been derived from simple retroviruses like murine leukemia virus. A major shortcoming of these vectors is that they are not able to transducer nondividing cells. This problem may be overcome by the use of novel retroviral vectors derived from lentiviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most commonly used DNA virus vectors are based on adenoviruses and adeno-associated viruses. An example of gene-knockout mediated gene therapy is the knockout of the human CCR5 gene in T-cells in order to control HIV infection. Although the available vector systems are able to deliver genes in vivo into cells, the ideal delivery vehicle has not been found. Thus, the present viral vectors should be used only with great caution in human beings and further progress in vector development is necessary.Keywords
Lentiviruses, Transducer, RNA Vector, Adeno-Associated Viruses.References
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- Use of Triggers to Detect Adverse Drug Reactions of Gastrointestinal Tract in Outpatient Department
Abstract Views :266 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 University Department of Interpathy Research and Technology, Maharashtra University of Health Science, Nashik (MS) 420 004, IN
2 University Department of Interpathy Research and Technology, Maharashtra University of Health Science, Nashik, IN
1 University Department of Interpathy Research and Technology, Maharashtra University of Health Science, Nashik (MS) 420 004, IN
2 University Department of Interpathy Research and Technology, Maharashtra University of Health Science, Nashik, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 3, No 5 (2011), Pagination: 260-262Abstract
The use of "triggers", clues to identify Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) is an effective method for measuring the overall level of harm from medications in a health care organization. The use of multiple medications is a serious problem in current health care system. To detect the Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) in gastrointestinal drugs by using trigger tool methodology was done in civil hospital and one of the private hospital of Nashik city. It includes enrolment of the patient in Out Patient Department (OPD) according to Inclusion Criteria (IC) and Exclusion Criteria (EC). The patient was selected by using consecutive sampling method. Written informed consent was taken from recruit patient by using informed consent form. Once the informed consent was obtained, patient's prescription was studied and was followed every 7 days by telephonic conversation and every month in OPD. Prescription was studied and analysed by observing the prescription of the patient by using predetermined triggers associated with possible adverse drug event for next seven days. After finding specific trigger we kept record of all finding on ADE report form. Total number of prescriptions was considered and total number of Triggers was calculated in percentage .Total number of positive triggers which had shown ADR was calculated accordingly. Out of 180 sample size total triggers were found to be 15 (8.3%), and ADR reported to be 7 (3.8%). We found 8 (4.4%) such triggers which could not detect any ADR. Improving trigger tools and applying them in analyzing the ADR will surely detect the ADR and reduce the risk and harms in patients.Keywords
Gastrointestinal System, Adverse Drug Reaction, Trigger Tool, Adverse Drug Event.References
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