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Nitin, M.

Pharmacodynamic Drug Interaction of Ethionamide with Glibenclamide in Normal and Diabetic Rats

Abstract Views :355 | PDF Views:1

Authors

M. Nitin ¹, Ansari Firdous ¹, Amreen Begum ¹, Syeda Sana ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, HKE’s Matoshree Taradevi Rampure Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sedam Road, Gulbarga-585105, IN

Source

Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 5, No 4 (2013), Pagination: 227-231

Abstract

The present study was aimed to find out the effect of treatment of ethionamide, an antitubercular drug on hypoglycaemic activity of glibenclamide in normal and diabetic rats. The study was intended to determine the pharmacodynamic parameters of drug interaction between glibenclamide and ethionamide in normal and diabetic rats. The studies were conducted using six group of normal adult rats of either sex. They were treated with half therapeutic dose of ethionamide (0.18 mg/200 g), therapeutic dose of ethionamide (0.36 mg/200 g), double therapeutic dose of ethionamide (0.72 mg/200 g), therapeutic dose of glibenclamide (0.18 mg/200 g) and combination of therapeutic dose of ethionamide and glibenclamide (0.36 mg/200 g + 0.18 mg/200 g).

Another group of six rats were taken and diabetes was induced by administering alloxan at a dose of 100 mg/ kg body weight intraperitoneally. Rats with glucose levels more than 200 mg/dL were considered for studied.

The blood samples were collected from tail vein at predetermined time intervals and blood glucose level was estimated using GOD/POD method with the aid of ARTOS semi auto analyser. Ethionamide produced hypoglycaemia when administered alone. The results indicated that in both normal as well as in diabetic rats ethionamide treatment altered the hypoglycaemic activity when administerd along with glibenclamide. This may be due to the synergistic effect of ethionamide with glibenclamide. The preliminary study indicate the combination may be unsafe in diabetes associated with tuberculosis.

Keywords

Glibenclamide, Ethionamide, Drug Interaction, GOD/POD Method, Rats

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References

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Influence of Coenzyme Q10 on Phenothiazine Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms in Rats

Abstract Views :251 | PDF Views:2

Authors

M. Nitin ¹, K. Prasad ¹, A. Dastapur ¹, S. Suryawanshi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, H.K.E Society's College of Pharmacy, Sedam Road, Gulbarga - 585105, Karnataka, IN

Source

Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 2, No 3 (2010), Pagination: 248-251

Abstract

Single dose and multiple dose influence of, Coenzyme Q10 in chlorpromazine induced catatonia was studied in adults albino rats of either sex. The study intended to find the role of antioxidants coenzyme Q10 in controlling extrapyramidal side effects. Phenothiazine derivatives produce catatonia as an unwanted side effect when used especially for prolonged periods of time in psychiatric disorders. The catatonia was induced in albino rats using chlorpromazine in the dose of 0.9mg/200g p.o. and the degree of catatonia was recorded.

Coenzyme Q10 was administered first followed by chlorpromazine after 30 minutes p.o in single dose studies. In multiple dose studies Coenzyme Q10 was administered for 8 days followed by the combination of Coenzyme Q10 and chlorpromazine on 9^th day as described above and the degree of catatonia was scored. The study reveals that coenzyme Q10 produced statistically significant reduction of extrapyramidal symptoms in both single and multiple dose studies. Thus coenzyme Q10 has beneficial effects in controlling the toxicity symptoms of phenothiazines. Since, coenzyme Q10 is used safely in the form of food supplement it can be recommended in patients who are using phenothiazine derivatives for prolonged periods of time.

Keywords

Chlorpromazine, Catatonia, Coenzyme Q10, Extrapyramidal Symptoms.

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References

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Satyanarayan U, Chakrapani U. Free radicals and antioxidants. Essentials of Biochemistry, Books and Allied (P) Ltd. Kolkata 700010, 2^nd Ed:pp. 351-354.

Hasan MY, Alshuaib WB, Singh S, Fahim ascorbic acid on lead induced alterations of synaptic transmission and contractile features in murine dorsiflexor muscle". Life Sci. 2003; 73 (8): 1017-25.

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Ernster L, Dallner G. Biochemical, physiological and medical aspects of ubiquinone function. Biochim Biophys Acta 1271: 195-204, 1995.

Berbel-Garcia, A. et al. "Coenzyme Q 10 improves lactic acidosis, stroke like episodes, and epilepsy in a patient with melas". Clinical Neuropharmacology 2004; 27:187-191.

Damian MS. et al. "Coenzyme Q10 Combined With Mild Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest". Heart Foundation 110: 3011-3016.

Folkers K. Basic chemical research on Coenzyme Q10 and integrated clinical research on therapy of diseases. In Lenaz G, ed. Coenzyme Q. New York : John Wiley and sons, 1985.

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Pharmacodynamic Influence of Vitamin C and Esomeprazole on Gastro Protection in Pylorus Ligation and Aspirin Induced Ulcers in Rats

Abstract Views :282 | PDF Views:0

Authors

M. Nitin ¹, U. Mohan Reddy ², S. M. Sayeed Ul Hasan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, H.K.E.S's, Matoshree Taradevi Rampure Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sedam Road, Gulbarga- 585 105, Karnataka, IN
2 H.K.E.S's, Matoshree Taradevi Rampure Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sedam Road, Gulbarga- 585 105, Karnataka., IN

Source

Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 4, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 176-180

Abstract

Gastric ulcer is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorders, which affects approximately 5-10% of people during their life. The present study was aimed to find out the pharmacodynamic influence of Vitamin C and Esomeprazole and their combination on Gastro intestinal parameters in pylorus ligation and aspirin induced ulcers in rats. In pylorus ligation induced ulcer model, various parameters were studied viz. gastric volume, pH, total acidity, free acidity, and ulcer index. Ulcer index and percentage inhibition of ulceration was determined for aspirin induced ulcer model. The antiulcer effect of the combination of vitamin C 4.5 mg/200 g and esomeprazole 0.54 mg/200 g b.w orally was compared with the reference standard esomeprazole 0.54 mg/200 g b.w orally. The ulcer index was calculated and other biochemical parameters of gastric juice were estimated. The ulcer index of combination showed significant (P < 0.05) reduction while other biochemical parameters like volume, pH, free acidity and total acidity of gastric juice showed highly significant (P < 0.001) reduction when compared to control and standard esomeprazole. The percentage protection of combination was 85% as compared to standard esomeprazole 80% in pylorus ligation model. In the aspirin induced model the percentage protection of combination was 90% as compared to standard esomeprazole 85%. Thus the combination group was found to be synergistic in nature when compared to esomeprazole alone in both the models.

Keywords

Antiulcer Activity, Vitamin C, Esomeprazole, Pylorus Ligation, NSAIDs, Ulcer Index.

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References

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Ganong WF (1989). Regulation of Gastrointestinal Function in: Review of Medical Physiology. 14^th Ed. Prentice-Hall Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA, 448-466.

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Dr Dhrubo Jyoti Sen. Herbal Antioxidants: A Great Hope for future. Pharma Times. 2008;40(12): 22-36.

Jan C Becker, Nina Grosser, Peter Boknik, Henning Schroder, Wolfram Domschke, Thorsten Pohle. Gastro Protection by Vitamin C-a heme oxygenase-1-dependent mechanism. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 2003; 312(2): 507-12.

Pommerien W, Schultze V, Braden B, Lembcke B, Wrangstadh M, Londong W. Dose-response of Omeprazole combined with amoxycillin on duodenal ulcer healing and eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1996; 10: 303-8.

Laurence DR, Bacharach AL. Evaluation of drug activities and pharmacometrics. London and New York. Academic press; 1:160-61.

Shay M, Komarov SA, Fels D, Meranze D, Gruenstein H and Siplet. A simple method for uniform production of gastric ulceration in rat. Gastroenterology 1945; 5:43-61.

Raju. D., Ilango. K., Chitra. V., Ashish. K. Evaluation of Antiulcer activity of methanolic extract of Terminalia Chebula fruits in experimental rats. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and research 2009;1(3):101-107.

R. K. Goel, S. Gupta, R. Shankar, and A. K. Sanyal, J Ethnopharmacol. 18, 1986.33.

Patil S.S., Bhide A.A. and Gorle A.M. Antiulcer activity and Ant inflammatory Studies on acacia catechu. Indian Drugs 2010; 47(2):52-53.

S.K. Kulkarni. Hand book of experimental Pharmacology, Vallabh Prakashan New Delhi, 2002 pp. 149-150.

H.Gerhard Vogel. Drug Discovery and Evaluation, Springer- Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, New Your 2002 pp. 868.

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Nephroprotective Activity of Vigna Mungo (Linn.) Hepper on Gentamicin-Induced Renal Damage in Albino Rats

Abstract Views :204 | PDF Views:0

Authors

M. Nitin ¹, S. Ifthekar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, H. K. E. Society's College of Pharmacy, Sedam Road, Gulbarga - 585105, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology H. K. E. Society's College of Pharmacy, Sedam Road, Gulbarga - 585105, Karnataka, IN

Source

Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 4, No 5 (2012), Pagination: 299-303

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to investigate the preliminary phytochemical studies and nephroprotective activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of seeds of Vigna mungo in Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The seed powder of Vigna mungo was successively extracted with methanol and water. Preliminary phytochemical tests were done, the extracts showed the presence of amino acids, alkaloids, ascorbic acid, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, proteins, phytic acid, total phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, saponins and tannins. The protective activity of the extracts was justified by physical (decrease in body weight) and biochemical (increased blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum uric acid and decreased serum total protein) changes induced by gentamicin in kidney parameters. When compared to normal control group. The groups treated with both the extracts had significantly prevented the above changes produced by gentamicin in rats. In general both the extracts possessed protective activity though methanolic extract was found to exhibit greater protection.

Keywords

Gentamicin, Nephroprotective Activity, Vigna Mungo, Phytochemistry.

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References

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Shelke, T.T., Kothari, R. (2009). Nephro-protective activity of ethanolic extract of dried fruits of Peddlium murex Linn. J. Cell and Tissue Research 9(1):1687-1690.

Ramsammy, L.S., Josephowitz, C., Ling, K.Y., Lane, B.P., Kaloyanides, G.J. (1987). Failure of inhibition of lipid peroxidation by vitamin E to protect against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat. Biochem Pharmacol. 36:2125-32.

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Antiulcer Effect of Vitamin E with Lansoprazole in Treating Peptic Ulcer in Rats

Abstract Views :218 | PDF Views:0

Authors

K. Prasad ¹, M. Nitin ², M. Chetan ³, M. Girish ³, Krishna Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Bhimavaram-534202, A.P., IN
2 HKES College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Sedam Road, Gulbarga-585105, Karnataka, IN
3 HKES College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Gulbarga-585105, Karnataka, IN

Source

Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 3, No 4 (2011), Pagination: 202-206

Abstract

Peptic ulcer is a chronic and appalling disease. Today, it is dominant among the diseases that affect the world's population. The principal factors causing this disease are inadequate dietetic habits, prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, stress and infection by Helicobacter pylori, in addition to other factors of genetic origin. The present study was designed to evaluate the combination effect of vitamin E with lansoprazole against pylorus ligation induced ulcer model in rats. The antiulcer effect of the combination of vitamin E 0.9mg/200g and lansoprazole 0.54mg/200g b.w. orally was compared with the reference standard lansoprazole 0.54mg/200 g b.w. orally. The ulcer index and other biochemical parameters like volume, pH, free acidity and total acidity of gastric juice were estimated. The ulcer index and other biochemical parameters like volume (***P < 0.001), free acidity (***P < 0.001), total acidity (***P < 0.001) and pH (**P < 0.01), of gastric juice showed reduction when compared to standard lansoprazole. The percentage protection of combination was 92.9% as compared to standard lansoprazole 82.8%. Thus the combination group was found to be synergistic in nature when compared to lansoprazole alone.

Keywords

Antiulcer Activity, Vitamin E, Lansoprazole, Pylorus Ligation Model, Ulcer Index.

Full Text

References

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Rao, C.V., Sairam, K., Goel, R.K.. Experimental evaluation of Bacopa monniera on rat gastric ulceration and secretion. Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol 2000: 44, 335-441.

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Shay M, Komarov SA, Fels D, Meranze D, Gruenstein H and Siplet. A simple method for uniform production of gastric ulceration in rat. Gastroenterology 1945;5:43-61.

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Fathihah B, Mahmood AA, Sidik K and Salmah I. The antiulcer and cytoprotective effect of ageratum conyzoides-honey combination in rats, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, JUMMEC 2003-2005; 8: 28-32.

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Pharmacological Studies on Drug-Drug Interactions between Antidiabetic Drug (Glibenclamide) and Selective Anti-HIV Drug (Lamivudine) in Rats and Rabbits

Abstract Views :190 | PDF Views:0

Authors

Bhavimani Guru ¹, M. Nitin ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Pharmacology, HKES MTRIPS, Kalaburagi, Karnataka -585105, IN

Source

Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 9, No 3 (2017), Pagination: 117-121

Abstract

The studies were conducted in normal and diabetic rats, and in normal rabbits to find out the influence of lamivudine on pharmacodynamics of glibenclamide. Rats were divided into four groups each containing six. Group-I: treated with therapeutic dose (TD) of lamivudine (5.4mg/200g body weight). Group-II: treated with therapeutic dose of glibenclamide (0.18mg/200g body weight). Group-III: treated with combination of therapeutic dose of lamivudine and glibenclamide. Group-IV: served as control (acacia suspension l% w/v). Same grouping was done for multiple days of therapeutic dose (MTD) studies (10 days), double therapeutic dose (2TD) and multiple days of double therapeutic dose (M2TD) studies (10 days). Streptozotocin at a dose of 50mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally was used to induce diabetes. Rats with glucose levels more than 200mg/dL were considered as diabetic. The experiment was carried out as described for normal rats. The influence of combination of both the drugs was studied in normal rabbits. A group of normal rabbits were taken and the experiment was carried out as described for normal rats. The results indicate that lamivudine produced significant increase in blood glucose, thereby it alters the hypoglycaemic activity of glibenclamide in normal rats, diabetic rats as well as in normal rabbits. As the interaction has been found in two dissimilar species that is rats and rabbits it indicates, it may occur in humans also.

Keywords

Lamivudine, Interaction, Anti-HIV, Diabetes, Anti-Diabetic, Blood Glucose Level.

Full Text

References

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Venkateswaran S, Pari L. Effect of Coccinia indica leaves on antioxidant status in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 163-168.

Antinociceptive Activity of Tulsi Amrit (A Polyherbal Formulation) In Selective Pain Induced Models in Rats

Abstract Views :600 | PDF Views:1

Authors

P. Basavraj ¹, M. Nitin ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Pharmacology, HKES-MTRIPS, Kalaburgi, IN

Source

Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 9, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 173-177

Abstract

Ocimum sanctum commonly known as Tulsi has been used for thousands of year in the ayurveda for its diverse healing properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of tulsi oil (Tulsi Amrit) in pain induced rat models . The rats were divided into 4 Groups of 6 animals each (n=6). Group 1 – served as control, Group 2- was treated with standard drug piroxicam and Group 3 an Group 4 – were treated with test substance at two dose levels. The models selected to study the effect on nociception were hot plat assay, cold plate test in rats. The tusi oil demonstrated significant ( P < 0.0001) antinociceptive activity at the doses (100 and 200mg/kg body weight P.O) tested compared to standard piroxicam 20mg/kg. The tulsi oil (Tulsi amrit) was found to have a significant ( P < 0.0001) inhibitory effect on hot plate at both the doses as well on cold plate. The study reveals antinociceptive activity of Tulsi Amrit.

Keywords

Tulsi Oil, Antinociceptive, Piroxicam, Hot Plate, Cold Plate.

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References

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