Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics

K. Sanjeev Kumar ¹, V. Vijay Kumar ¹, A. G. Prasanthi ¹, L. K. Kanthal ¹, P. Bhoja Raju ¹, K. Satyavathi ¹

Affiliations
1 Koringa College of Pharmacy, Korangi, Tallarevu (M), East Godavari Dist., Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the cardiotonic activity of the aqueous, methanolic and chloroform extracts of the ischolar_mains of Hemidesmus indicus and fruits of Terminalia bellirica, Terminalia chebula. The cardiotonic effect of aqueous, methanolic and chloroform extracts of the three plants was studied by using isolated frog heart perfusion technique (IFHP). Ringer solution without calcium was used as a vehicle for administration of aqueous, methanolic and chloroform extracts as test and digoxin as standard. A significant increase in the height of force of contraction (positive ionotropic effect) and decrease in heart rate (negative chronotropic effect) was observed and as compared to standard, test drug showed wide therapeutic index.

Keywords

Cardiotinic Activity, Frog Heart Perfusion Technique, Digoxin, Therapeutic Index,Hemidesmus Indicus, Terminalia Bellirica, Terminalia Chebula

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B. V. V. S. Surya Kiran , Bishnupada Biswal ¹, G. Nagarjuna Reddy ¹, L. K. Kanthal ², N. Sridhar ³

Affiliations
1 KLR Pharmacy College, Paloncha, Khammam, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Koringa College of Pharmacy, Korangi-533 461, E.G. Dt., Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Pydah College of Pharmacy, Patavala, E.G.Dt., Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Herbal medicine is having very old history. Plants are the typical manufacturers of complex drug molecules, which serve as a prototype to develop more effective and less toxic medicines. Helminth infections are distressing huge population in the world. These infections are contributing to the disorders like pneumonia, anaemia, eosinophilia and under nourishment. Anthelmintics are the drugs which expels the parasitic worms from the gastrointestinal tract by either paralyzing or killing the worms. So, there is a need of investigation of new anthelmintic molecules. Eichhornia crassipes belongs to the family Pontederiaceae, commonly known as "Water hyacinth" is selected as test drug based on ethno-botanical survey conducted in East Godavari Dist., Andhra Pradesh. In present study evaluation of anthelmintic activity of ischolar_main extracts was done by using adult Indian earth worm Pheritima posthuma. The above activity was carried out using the petroleum ether, ethanol extracts of different concentrations using piperazine citrate positive control and normal saline as negative control. Overall anthelmintic activity revealed that concentration dependent nature of extracts. The extract shows potent and significant anthelmintic activity as compared to the standards and it was investigated to be used as effective anthelmintic drug.

Keywords

Helminth Infections, Anthelmintics, Eichhornia crassipes, Pheritima posthuma, Petroleum Ether & Ethanol Extract

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L. K. Kanthal ¹, P. Mondal ¹, L. Vaswani ², B. Mahanti ¹

Affiliations
1 Bharat Technology, Banitabla, Howrah, W.B, IN
2 Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and AHS, Uluberia, Howrah, IN

Abstract

Diabetes is a condition primarily defined by the level of hyperglycaemia giving rise to risk of macro and micro vascular complication and diminished quality of life. Roman physician Areataeus was introduced the name diabetes in 1^st century A.D. Diabetes treatment include a number of drugs either can be used alone or in combination. The present articles concentrate on the phase-3 studies of Welchol as an adjunct to Metformin in type-ll diabetes who are not responding to other combination of anti-diabetic drugs.

Keywords

Diabetes, Hyperglycaemia, Complications, Welchol.

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L. K. Kanthal ¹, P. Mondal ¹, D. Saha ¹, D. Mridha ¹, S. Mandal ¹

Affiliations
1 Bharat Technology, Banitabla, Uluberia, Howrah, W.B., IN

Abstract

The condition of hyperlipidemia can be described as high cholesterol in the blood (hypercholesterolemia), high triglycerides in the blood (hypertriglyceridemia) or it could be both. Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions, conditions such as coronary heart disease, ischemic cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease which leads high morbidity rate in developed countries. The present article gives different classes of anti-hyperlipidemics highlighting the pathophysiology of artherosclerosis, classification, side effects and therapeutic uses of antihyperlipidemics.

Keywords

Hyperlipidemia, Cholesterol, Atherosclerotic Blood Vessel.

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N. Sridhar ¹, B. V. V. S. Surya Kiran ¹, M. Raghavendra ¹, M. N. V. Prasad ¹, L. K. Kanthal ¹, K. Satyavathi ¹

Affiliations
1 Koringa College of Pharmacy, Korangi-533 461, E.G. Dt., Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Herbal medicine is having very old history. Plants are the typical manufacturers of complex drug molecules, which serve as a prototype to develop more effective and less toxic medicines. Helminth infections are distressing huge population in the world. These infections are contributing to the disorders like pneumonia, anaemia, eosinophilia and under nourishment. Currently available anthelmintic drugs require improved management, high cost and also worms developing resistance to these drugs. So, there is a need of investigation of new anthelmintic molecules. Glycosmis mauritiana (Rutaceae) and Pedalium murex (Pedaliceae) are selected as test drugs based on ethno-botanical survey conducted in East Godavari Dist., Andhra Pradesh. The ischolar_mains of each plant were extracted with petroleum ether and ethanol. The anthelmintic activity of these extracts was screened by taking Indian earthworm (Pheretima posthuma) as a test organism and albendazole and piperazine citrate were used as reference standards. All the extracts show significant anthelmintic activity. The ethanolic extract of Glycosmis mauritiana shows more activity comparing to the other extracts. Overall anthelmintic activity revealed that concentration dependent nature of extracts. The extract shows potent and significant anthelmintic activity as compared to the standards and it was investigated to be used as effective anthelmintic drug.

Keywords

Anthelmintic Activity, Glycosmis mauritiana, Pedalium murex, Indian Earthworm, Ethanolic Extract.

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D. Sarojini ¹, P. Sunitha ², L. K. Kanthal ², K. Lavanya ², Kausik Bhar ²

Affiliations
1 Koringa College of pharmacy, Korangi, East Godavari Dist., - 533462, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Koringa College of Pharmacy, Korangi-533461, Tallarevu (M), East Godavari Dist., Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The present study focussed on the clinical profile of patients with acute severe pancreatitis on carbapenem Vs. non carbapenems. Out of 55 patients 22 patients were given carbapenem antibiotics and rest were given non carbapenem antibiotics which comprises of cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, Piperacillin+tazobactum, Metronidazole. In the carbapenem group 20 patients were initially on cephalosporins and later they were started on carbapenem as they were not improving. In these 20 patients, renal failure is observed in 14 patients and respiratory failure in 6 patients. All these 20patients survived and they stayed in hospital for 3-5 weeks. Two patients in carbapenem group died and they had renal and respiratory failure even they were started on carbapenem in the first week. These two patients stayed in hospital for 3weeks. A total of 33 patients were given non carbapenem antibiotics. Out of 33 patients 16 patients had renal failure and 12 patients had multiorgan failure. 8 patients had local complications in form of multiple fluid collections and necrosis more than 50%. 22 out of patients received cefaperazone+sulbactum with Fluoroquinolones. 7 patients received only Piperacillin+Tazobactum with Fluoroquinolones. 4 patients received only Fluoroquinolones. 30patients who were on cephalosporins stayed 2-3 weeks and all 30 patients improved and were discharged. 3 Patients out of 33 died in the first week due to multiorgan failure. This study conclude that cefaperazone sulbactum along with quinolone is a good first choice antibiotic and reserve the imipenem for sicker and non responders to cephalosporins.

Keywords

Acute Severe Pancreatitis, Carbapenem Antibiotics, Non-Carbapenem, Respiratory Failure, Multiorgan Failure, Fluoroquinolones.

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