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Tufon, Emmanuel N.
- Hormonal Changes Associated with Insecticide Exposure in Albino Rats
Abstract Views :317 |
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Authors
I. Egba Simeon
1,
U. Njoku Obioma
2,
Emmanuel N. Tufon
3,
E. Okonwachi Fidelia,
,
Y. Waindim Nyianbam
Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, NG
2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, NG
3 Department of Medical Biochemistry St Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, NG
1 Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, NG
2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, NG
3 Department of Medical Biochemistry St Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, NG
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 5, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 47-50Abstract
Insecticide an organic chemical used in agriculture, medicine, industries and household has bio-pharmacological effects such as inducing stress, hormonal imbalance and/or physiological effects and reproductive toxicity. This study therefore investigated the possible effects of exposure to insecticides on hormonal responses in rats. Albino rats were exposed to insecticides through drinking water for continues twenty one days and the following hormone concentrations determined using standard ELISA methods; thyrotropin, total thyroid, total thyroxine, follicle stimulating, progesterone, prolactin and luteinizing. The results obtained showed that the concentration of thyrotropin, total thyroid and follicle stimulating hormones significantly decreased (p<0.05) while total thyroxine, prolactin and progesterone concentrations significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to the control. The change in the concentration of luteinizing hormone was insignificant (p>0.05) in the group of rats exposed to insecticide when compared to the unexposed group. In conclusion, the exposure of rats to insecticides resulted in adverse changes in their hormonal concentrations.Keywords
Hormones, Hormonal Changes, Insecticide Exposure and Albino RatsReferences
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- Takizawa, S. and Horii, I. (2002). Endocrinological assessment of toxic effects on the male reproductive system in rats treated with 5-fluorouracil for 2 or 4 weeks. J. Toxicol. Sci., 27 (1): 49- 56.
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- Evaluating the Prevention and Management of Accidental Poisoning from Household Chemicals in the Nkwen Area, Bamenda, Cameroon
Abstract Views :391 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, St. Louis University Institute of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile 3 Nkwen, Bamenda, CM
2 Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, NG
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, St. Louis University Institute of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile 3 Nkwen, Bamenda, CM
2 Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, NG
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 4, No 5 (2012), Pagination: 290-293Abstract
Poisonings from household chemicals such as cleaning products and cosmetics are common occurrences and can cause acute respiratory infections and cancer. This study was therefore aimed at evaluating the level of prevention and management of accidental poisoning from household chemicals in the Nkwen Area in Bamenda, Cameroon. A cross-sectional population based descriptive study was undertaken in miles three and four Nkwen, Bamenda in which 110 households were randomly selected to take part. The evaluation was carried out by the use of a questionnaire survey. From the results obtained, detergents and cosmetics were the most available chemicals used in these areas, with cosmetics contributing to 32.22% of poisoned cases while detergents contributed to 51.11% of the poisoned cases. It was also found that most of the poisoned cases were not taken to the hospital. In conclusion, this study had shown that the level of prevention and management of accidental poisoning from household chemicals in the study areas were generally poor.Keywords
Household, Chemicals, Poisoning, Prevention, Management, Miles Three And Four, Bamenda, Cameroon.References
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- United Nations Environmental Programme (2002). Children in the New millennium.
- WHO (1997). Management of Poisoning - A Handbook for Health care workers.
- Kirk R. S and Sumi, M (2000). "The Burden of Disease From indoor Air pollution in Developing Countries: comparison of Estimates" (Paper presented at USAID Global Consultation: The Health impact of Indoor Air pollution and household Energy in Developing Countries: setting the Agenda for Action, summary Report for participants, Washington, DC, 2000).
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- Kaufman, M.M, Smolinske. S and Keswick, D. (2005). Assessing the poisoning risk related to storage of household hazardous materials Environmental health volume 4.
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- Smith, K.R., Zhang, J., Uma R, Kishore, V.V.M., Joshi, V and Khalil, M.A.K. (2000). "Indoor Air pollution in Developing countries and Acute Lower Respiratory Infections in Children" Thorax 55. no6:518-32
- Watson, W.A. Litowitz, T.L., Klein-Schwartz W and Rodgers, G.C (2004). 2003 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centres Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg med 22:335-404.
- The Practice of Radiation Protection in Conventional Radiography Department in Four Hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon
Abstract Views :257 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, St. Louis University Institute of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile 3 Nkwen, Bamenda, CM
2 Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, NG
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, St. Louis University Institute of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile 3 Nkwen, Bamenda, CM
2 Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, NG
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 4, No 5 (2012), Pagination: 304-306Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the practice of radiation protection and compare it with the stated norms of radiation protection. A cross - sectional hospital based descriptive design was undertaken in four hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon in which all the technologists (17) working in the x - ray department of the selected hospitals took part in the study. The assessment was carried out by the use of a questionnaire survey. From the results obtained, all the hospitals had lead aprons and shields but only one hospital gonad shield and lead gloves. 47.06% had been trained for at least three years. Radiation protection supervisors were present in two of the four hospitals but only one hospital had a warning red light in good working condition. In conclusion radiation protection in conventional radiography is not properly practiced as not all norms are respected and therefore remains a problem that needs to be solved.Keywords
Radiation, Protection, Conventional Radiography, Yaounde, Cameroon.References
- Cember, H and Thomas, E. J (2009). Introduction to Health Physics. Fourth edition, Mc - Graw Hill, United States of America pp 128 - 284
- Dendy, P.P and Heaton (1987). Physics for Radiologists. Blackwell's publication, London p313
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- The Occurrence of Hepatitis B Virus amongst Blood Donors Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital
Abstract Views :481 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, St. Louis University Institute of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile III Nkwen, Bamenda, CM
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, St. Louis University Institute of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile III Nkwen, Bamenda, CM
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 6, No 4 (2014), Pagination: 173-176Abstract
Hepatitis B virus is a major cause of liver disease worldwide and the infection may go unnoticed because more than 50% of the cases are asymptomatic. Infected people therefore either unconsciously contribute to the transmission of the virus or do not seek medical attention resulting in liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. This study therefore evaluated the occurrence of HBV amongst blood donors attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital. This cross - sectional hospital based study involved 100 blood donors who randomly selected to participate. Screening for HBV was done using the One Step Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Test Strip (DiaSpot). From the results, the prevalence of HBV was found to be 14.0%. Majority of the participants were males (83.0%) within the age range of 25 - 31 years (35.0%). Also from the positive cases of HBV identified, majority of them were male replacement donors (12.0%) who were within the age range of 25 - 31 years (6.0%) and were singles (8.0%). In conclusion, the prevalence of HBV in this study was high (14.0%) with the highest prevalence amongst male replacement donors within the age range of 25 - 31 years.Keywords
Hepatitis B Virus, Blood Donors, Bamenda, Regional Hospital.References
- Ado, A., Alhassan, S., Chonoko, U.G and Samaila, A.U (2008). Sero – prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) amongst blood donors. Bayero Journal of Pure and applied sciences. 3(1):20-22.
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- Diarra, A., Kouriba, B., Baby, M., Murphy, E and Lefrere, J.J (2009). HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis rate of positive donations among blood donors. Transfusion Clinique et Biologique. 16:144–44.
- Dominque, N.N., Richard, N., Aime, B.P., Persou, J., Meli, M and Biwole, S (2011). Hepatitis B surface antigene prevalence in blood donors and the risk of transfusion of hepatitis B. Journal of Gastroenterology. 1: 23–27.
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- th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders.
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- The Occurrence and Associated Risk Factors of Pre-Eclampsia amongst Pregnant Women in Their Third Trimester of Gestation Attending the Bamenda Sub-Divisional Medicalized Health Center Nkwen
Abstract Views :505 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Research, St. Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile Three Nkwen Bamenda, CM
2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bamenda, CM
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Research, St. Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile Three Nkwen Bamenda, CM
2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bamenda, CM
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 6, No 4 (2014), Pagination: 190-192Abstract
Pre - eclampsia is a condition that cause complications in pregnancy such as preterm delivery, low weight babies and perinatal death. This study therefore was aimed at evaluating the occurrence and associated risk factors of pre - eclampsia amongst pregnant women in their third trimester of gestation. A cross - sectional hospital based design involving 160 randomly selected pregnant women. Data on demographic and risk factors were collected using a well - structured pretested questionnaire while proteinuria and blood pressure were determined using combi - 2 dip strip and sphygmomanometer respectively. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17. From the results obtained, the prevalence of pre - eclampsia was shown to be 6.3% and the predisposing risk factors were maternal age, body mass index, past history of pre - eclampsia, family history of diabetes mellitus, family history of hypertension, husbands age, paternity and work stress. In conclusion, the occurrence of pre - eclampsia was high with the most important risk factors being maternal age ≥35 years, family history of hypertension and past history of pre - eclampsia.Keywords
Eclampsia, 3rd Trimester, Pregnancy, Gestation, Bamenda, Nkwen.References
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- Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Pain Management Used by Nurses at the Mezam Polyclinic Bamenda, Cameroon
Abstract Views :442 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Research, St Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile Three Nkwen, Bamenda, CM
2 Department of Nursing, St Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile Three Nkwen, Bamend, CM
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Research, St Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile Three Nkwen, Bamenda, CM
2 Department of Nursing, St Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile Three Nkwen, Bamend, CM
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 8, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 157-160Abstract
Pain is the most frequent reason for seeking health care and it can significantly interfere with the patient’s physical, emotional and spiritual well-being. Pain management is a very important aspect of nursing care and it has been documented that nurses use non – pharmacological interventions which have unique advantages in relieving pain that medications do not have such as giving the patients a more active role in managing their pain. This cross – sectional study therefore was aimed at evaluating the non – pharmacological interventions for pain management used by nurses at the Mezam polyclinic Bamenda, Cameroon. 30 male and female nurses were randomly selected to take part in this study. Data was collected using a self – administered questionnaire composed of both open and closed ended questions and was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. The results showed that most of the nurses were females (70.0%) in the age range of 20 – 29 years (53.0%) who had mostly obtained a diploma in nursing (43.3%). Majority of the nurses had been trained on non – pharmacological pain management (87%). Most of the nurses reported using combined non – pharmacological pain management interventions such as counselling, distraction and massage (56.0%) with heat/cold compress (20.0%) being the most common single non – pharmacological therapy used followed by distraction (13.0%). The main health care system barriers to the use of non – pharmacological intervention was nurses’ work load (40.0%) while the main patient related barrier was patient’s strong believe in analgesics (50.0%). In conclusion, majority of the nurses at the Mezam polyclinic have been trained on non – pharmacological pain management (87%) with most of them using combined non – pharmacological pain management interventions such as counselling, distraction and massage (56.0%). The main barriers to the use of non – pharmacological interventions were nurses’ work load (40.0%) and patient’s strong believe in analgesics (50.0%).Keywords
Ganoderma, Albino Rats, Intoxicated, Intraperineally, Scavenging.- Awareness, Initiation, Duration and Challenges to Exclusive Breastfeeding amongst Women within the Bamenda Health District, Cameroon
Abstract Views :276 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Research, St Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile Three Nkwen Bamenda, CM
2 Department of Nursing, Bamenda University of Science and Technology, CM
3 Department of Nursing, St Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile Three Nkwen Bamenda, CM
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Research, St Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile Three Nkwen Bamenda, CM
2 Department of Nursing, Bamenda University of Science and Technology, CM
3 Department of Nursing, St Louis University of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Mile Three Nkwen Bamenda, CM