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Benito Johnson, D.
- Acute and Subacute Toxicity study of Milnacipran Hydrochloride in Wistar rats by Oral Route
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Authors
D. Benito Johnson
1,
R. Suresh
1,
Prakash Rao Prathima
1,
R. Venkatnarayanan
1,
P. M. Ashir Ahammad
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Pharmacology, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 5, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 51-57Abstract
Toxicity of a substance is nothing but unwanted or series of adverse events that was initiated after administration of particular chemical, physical or biological agent. Acute toxicity study aim is to determine the occurred toxic manifestation of the administered test substance after expose to animals in one or more doses for a period of 14 days. The study provides the information or determination of therapeutic index, i.e. T.I. = LD50/ ED 50. Sub-acute toxicity testing evaluates the toxic effects of drug on repeated exposure and also provides the information on delayed and cumulative effect of the chemicals on the tissues or other biochemical mechanisms Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. The symptoms of depression are often subtle and unrecognized both by patients and by physicians. Major depression remains difficult to treat, despite the wide array of registered antidepressant. Milnacipran is indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder and management of fibromyalgia. Milnacipran inhibits norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake in a 3:1 ratio, in practical use this means a balanced (equal) action upon both transmitter.Keywords
Milancipran, Depression, Acute Toxicity, Sub-Acute Toxicity
References
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- Hussam A. Yacoub, DO, MS, William G. Johnson, MD and Nizar Souayah, MD; Serotonin Syndrome After Administration of Milnacipran For Fibromyalgia; American Academy of Neurology; Neurology 23, 2010, Vol. 74.
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- Pharmacological Evaluation of Antiasthmatic Activity of Tamarindus indica Seed
Abstract Views :371 |
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Authors
R. Suresh
1,
Ganesh Pandhari Mhaske
2,
Nehru Sai Suresh Chalichem
2,
Ashok Kumar Javvadi
2,
D. Benito Johnson
2,
R. Venkatanarayanan
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, R. V. S. College of Pharmaceutical Science, 242, Trichy Road Sulur, Coimbatore-641 402., IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, R. V. S. College Pharmaceutical Science, Sulur, Coimbatore-641 402, IN
1 Department of Pharmacology, R. V. S. College of Pharmaceutical Science, 242, Trichy Road Sulur, Coimbatore-641 402., IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, R. V. S. College Pharmaceutical Science, Sulur, Coimbatore-641 402, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 3, No 3 (2011), Pagination: 115-122Abstract
Practical experience and several modern research studies have shown that therapy using plant is better than using synthetic chemicals. According to ayurvedic folklore the Tamarindus indica Linn was mentioned for several ailments including asthma (kirtikar et al; 2001) the present study was planned to know the anti asthmatic activity of methanolic extract of this plant at different stages or different types of asthma using various evaluation models like, isolated goat tracheal chain preparation, bronchial hyperactivity, clonidine induced catalepsy in guinea pig, mast cell degranulation, milk induced leucocytosis in mice, milk induced eosinophilia in mice, passive paw anaphylaxis, and its activities such as bronchodilating, antihistaminic, anti inflammatory , anti allergic, mast cell stabilizing and adaptogenic activities were confirmed presenting the scope of plant for further studies. The data was analyzed by student't' test or one way ANOVA followed by Dunnett test. P≤0.05 was considered as significant.Keywords
Tamarindus Indica Linn., Catalepsy, Leukocytosis, Anaphylaxis, Degranulation.References
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- Anti Gastric Ulcer Studies on Certain Siddha Drugs
Abstract Views :438 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology RVS College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore-641402, IN
1 Department of Pharmacology RVS College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore-641402, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 3, No 3 (2011), Pagination: 123-128Abstract
The Traditional system of medicines like the Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha have provided the mankind with useful drug and are of mostly of natural origin and hence are believed to possess less side effects. Research for new anti gastric ulcer drugs in the traditional system of medicine made us survey the literature in the Siddha system of medicines for possible leads and suggestions. The literature provided with us the following drugs. Nilvarai chroonam, Bilwadi lehyam, Triphala choornam and Thamarai parpam. The Siddha drug were studied for anti gastric activity using different animal models like pylorus ligation and drug induced ulcer in rats and biochemical studies like SGOT,SGPT and alkaline phosphatase. The results obtained revealed that all the drugs investigated for their anti gastric ulcer activity had significant antiulcer action evidenced by the low ulcer scoring as well as low free acidity content. These results validate the therapeutic claims made of these drugs in the literature as anti ulcer drugs as well as the siddha clinicians.Keywords
Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Nilvarai Chroonam, Bilwadi Lehyam, Triphala Choornam, Thamarai Parpam.References
- Dr. Chidambarathanu pillai. S. "Siddha System of Life", Siddha Medical Literature Research Centre, Madras. First edition.1991.
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- Anti Diabetic Activity and Toxicity Study of Petroleum Ether Extracts of Ixora coccinea Flower in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic in Albino Rat Model
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, RVS College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore, IN
1 Department of Pharmacology, RVS College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 8, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 97-105Abstract
Diabetic millets often referred to simply as diabetes (Ancient Greek: diabetes" to pass through [urine]") is a syndrome of disorder metabolism, usually due to a combination of hereditary and environment causes, resulting in abnormally high blood sugar level (hyperglycemia).Diabetes is described as starvation in the midst of plenty. Because the body will have high amount of glucose level but the cells are incapable of consume it because of osmotic difference Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas, which enable body cells to absorb glucose, to turn into energy. If the body cells cannot absorb the glucose, the glucose accumulates in the blood (hyperglycemia), leading to acute metabolic complications including keto acidosis and in the long term contribute to chronic micro-vascular complications.
Ixora coccinea is a low-growing tropical shrub notable for its bright coloured flowers which are composed of many small blooms massed together into dense, flat-topped flower heads. Ixora coccinea is one of the few Ixora species that make good indoor plants along with several kinds developed from it. It is primarily ornamental plant. Cut specimens are long lasting and are often used in floral arrangements. It is sometimes used as a hedge. In tropical Asia the flowers, bark and leaves of this plant are used in traditional medicine.