Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Pradeep Sahu ¹, Munglu Matlam ¹, Ravindra Dhar Dubey ¹, Shweta Paroha ², Shilpi Chatterji ¹, Shekhar Verma ¹, Tanushree Chatterjee ¹

Affiliations
1 Institute of Pharmacy, RITEE, Chhatauna, Mandir Hasaud, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IN
2 Siddhi Vinayaka Institute of Technical Sciences, Mangla, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, IN

Abstract

The use of and search for drugs and dietary supplements derived from plants have accelerated in recent years. Ethno pharmacologists, botanists, microbiologists, and natural-products chemists are combing the Earth for phytochemicals and “leads” which could be developed for treatment of infectious diseases. While 25 to 50% of current pharmaceuticals are derived from plants. Traditional healers have long used plants to prevent or cure infectious conditions; Western medicine is trying to duplicate their successes. Plants are rich in a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which have been found in vitro to have antimicrobial properties. This review attempts to summarize the current status of botanical screening efforts, as well as in vivo studies of their effectiveness and toxicity. The structure and antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals viz; Simple phenols and phenolic acids (spp.2) Quinones (spp.3) Flavones, flavonoids, and flavonol (spp.3), Tannins (spp.7) coumarins, (spp.1), Terpenoids and Essential Oils (spp.19), Alkaloids (spp.9) Lectins and polypeptides (spp.5) ,mixture (spp.4), other compounds (spp.1) and new antimicrobial plant origins (spp.7) are also addressed. Since many of these compounds are currently available as unregulated botanical preparations and their use by the public is increasing rapidly, clinicians need to consider the consequences of patients self-medicating with these preparations.

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Pradeep Sahu ¹, Munglu Matlam ¹, Ravindra Dhar Dubey ¹, Shweta Paroha ², Shilpi Chatterji ¹, Shekhar Verma ¹, Tanushree Chatterjee ¹

Affiliations
1 Institute of Pharmacy, RITEE, Chhatauna, Mandir Hasaud, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IN
2 Siddhi Vinayaka Institute of Technical Sciences, Mangla, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, IN

Abstract

The use of and search for drugs and dietary supplements derived from plants have accelerated in recent years. Ethno pharmacologists, botanists, microbiologists, and natural-products chemists are combing the Earth for phytochemicals and "leads" which could be developed for treatment of infectious diseases. While 25 to 50% of current pharmaceuticals are derived from plants. Traditional healers have long used plants to prevent or cure infectious conditions; Western medicine is trying to duplicate their successes. Plants are rich in a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which have been found in vitro to have antimicrobial properties. This review attempts to summarize the current status of botanical screening efforts, as well as in vivo studies of their effectiveness and toxicity. The structure and antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals viz; Simple phenols and phenolic acids (spp.2) Quinones (spp.3) Flavones, flavonoids, and flavonol (spp.3) , Tannins (spp.7) coumarins, (spp.1), Terpenoids and Essential Oils (spp.19), Alkaloids (spp.9) Lectins and polypeptides (spp.5) ,mixture (spp.4), other compounds (spp.1) and new antimicrobial plant origins (spp.7) are also addressed. Since many of these compounds are currently available as unregulated botanical preparations and their use by the public is increasing rapidly, clinicians need to consider the consequences of patients self-medicating with these preparations.

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Pradeep Sahu ¹, Kiran Sahu ¹, Ravindra Dhar Dubey ¹, Shilpi Chatterjee ¹, Tanushree Chatterjee ¹

Affiliations
1 Raipur Institute of Technology, RITEE, Chhatauna, Mandir Hasaud, Raipur (C.G.) 492101, IN

Abstract

Antioxidant the word itself is magic. Suggesting some type of allencompassing protection against cellular wear and damage, the scientific medical community has now embraced a once reviled theory. Using the antioxidant concept as a spearhead in proposed mechanisms staving off socalled “free radical” reactions, the rush is on to mine claim for the latest and most effect combination of free radical scavenging compound. They are therefore critical for maintaining optimal cellular and systemic health and well being. Defense strategies against such aggressive radical species include enzymes, antioxidants that occur naturally in the body (glutathione, uric acid, ubiquinol-10, and other) and radical scavenging nutrients, such as vitamins A, C, E, and carotenoids. This paper will present a brief discussion of some well-and little- known phyto pharmaceuticals (i.e. herbs) that may add to the optimization of antioxidant status and therefore offer added preventive values for overall health.

Keywords

Antioxidant, Herbs, Free Radical, Carotenoids, Cancer, Oxidation etc.

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Vidyanand Patel ¹, Pradeep Sahu ¹, Naveen Nagtode ¹, Keshav Deshmukh ¹, Shilpi Chatterjee ¹, Tanushree Chatterjee ¹

Affiliations
1 Institute of Pharmacy, RITEE, Chhatauna, Mandir Hasaud, Raipur (C.G.) 492101, IN

Abstract

Natural Products play an important role in the management of HIV/AID, especially in developing countries where resources are meager. The urgent need for new anti-HIV/AIDS drugs is a global concern. In addition to obvious economical and commercial hurdles, HIV/AIDS patients are faced with multifarious difficulties associated with the currently approved anti-HIV drugs. The large number of natural product described (42 spp.) clearly demonstrate the importance of natural product that could assist in the prevention and/or amelioration of the HIV/AIDS disease. The natural product discussed includes: alkaloids (8 spp.), glycosides (7 spp.), flavonoids (8 spp.), coumarins (4 spp.), polysaccharides (2 spp.), proteins (5 spp.), tannins (2 spp.), lignins (2 spp.), polyphenols (3 spp.), and miscellaneous (1 spp.) which may delay the development of HIV complication and the metabolic disorder. The aim of this review is to report new discoveries and updates pertaining to anti-HIV natural products. Moreover during the past few years some of the few bioactive drugs isolated from anti HIV plant showed anti HIV activity with more efficacy. Some of these natural products have already entered clinical trial.

Keywords

Natural Product, Anti-HIV, AIDS.

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