Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Shantha Sheela Nagarajan ¹, Muthusamy Periyannan ¹, Radha Ramalingam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Madras Medical College, Chennai, 600003, IN

Abstract

In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate pharmacognostical and phytochemical screening of Delonix regia seeds of family Leguminosae. The seeds were collected from its pods after authentication, shade dried and various pharmacognostical and phytochemical analysis were performed. The pharmacognostical parameters studied were macroscopy, microscopy, physicochemical analysis and chromatography. The coarsely powdered seeds were extracted with various extract and phytochemical screening were performed. The phytochemical screening revealed that the presence of secondary metabolites such as Flavonoids, sterols, triterpenoids, saponins and fixed oils in Delonix regia seeds. All the parameters were studied according to the WHO and Pharmacopoeial guidelines. HPTLC and TLC analysis were also performed. These pharmacognostical data are helpful to determine its identity, where as the Photochemical studies are useful to bring out the various pharmacological activity it may posses, based on the active constituent present in them.

Keywords

Delonix regia , Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical, Chromatography.

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Suruthi Chandrasekaran ¹, Vijaya Bharathi Rajkishore ¹, Radha Ramalingam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Madras Medical College, Chennai, IN

Abstract

The plant Vigna unguiculata belongs to the family Fabaceae/Papilionaceae. It is native to India, Haryana, Punjab, Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh. It grows upto 15-80 cm height, 3-6 inch; long, slender, round, two valved pods. These are herbaceous, erect or sub erect, climbing, prostrate. The plant is known by a variety of names, but cowpea is the most popular worldwide name. In the United states, it is called black-eyed beans, black-eyed peas or sourthern peas, whereas in Indian and Brazil, it is referred to as lobia and caupi respectively In tamil, it is called caramunnipayira/ karamani. Every part of this plant is reported to be useful, the leaves, stem, ischolar_main, legumes of carramunnipayira are edible. Vigna unguiculata contains the following constituents such as saponin, thiamine (appreciable amount), riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, pantothenic acid and also foliate. It also has small amount of iron, sodium, zinc, selenium, manganese and copper. Carramunnipayira leaves, stem, ischolar_main and legumes are used for multipurpose in many parts of India and were found to show interesting medicinal properties including diuretic activity, anti oxidant property, anti diabetic activity and anti bacterial activity. The present article summarizes review on the plant, its phytochemistry and its pharmacological activity which have been reported.

Keywords

Vigna unguiculata, Diuretic, Anti Oxidant, Anti Diabetic, Anti Bacterial, Phytochemistry.

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Umesh Annappan ¹, Vijaya Bharathi Rajkishore ¹, Radha Ramalingam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Madras Medical College, Chennai, IN

Abstract

The genus Zanthoxylum belonging to family Rutaceae comprises over 250 species, among them Zanthoxylum alatum Roxb is a medicinal shrub, locally known as "Timber" growing in the valleys of sub-tropical Himalayas. Local names of this plant are: Tejphal (Hindi), Tejowati (sanskrit), Mukthrubi (Manipuri) and Timur (Nepal)18. It occurs in hot valleys of the sub-tropical Himalayas from jammu to assam and khasi hills at 600 to 1800m. Its fruits branches and thorns are generally used as carminative, stomachic, and remedy for toothache. In India, different parts of the Z. alatum are used in Ayurvedic practices for the treatment of skin diseases, abdominal pain, anorexia. The genus has much ethanobotanical importance and is used as source of pharmaceutical and cosmetic raw material. Traditionally, leaves and fruits are used for mouth freshing and tooth care while bark is used for intoxicating the fishes. The ethano medicinal importance of its seeds has been well known for a long time in indian medicinal system as a stomachic, carminative, disinfectant, antiseptic, and for the treatment of fever, dyspepsia, cholera and general debility. Leaves, fruits and barks are used as spice. Z. alatum consists of following constituents identified from various parts which are alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, tannins, steroids, terpenes, glycosides, carbohydrates, phenolic, proteins, aminoacids and essential oil possessed several type of biological activities such as larvicidal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antibiotics, anthelminthic, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-spasmodic, hepatoprotective activity, anti-fungal and anti-viral activity.

Keywords

Zanthoxylum alatum, Anti-Diabetic, Anthelmentic, Anti-Spasmodic, Phytochemistry.

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Shantha Sheela Nagarajan ¹, Muthusamy Periyanna ¹, Radha Ramalingam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Madras Medical College, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Herbs are known to protect the organs and organ systems from the environmental, Chemical and occupational change. Drug discovery from natural ingredients based on the selection of sample reports or scientific journals of bioactivity testing of a plant. Besides the selection of the sample is also based on the traditional use of plant specific information. Usually the source of information is an herbalist or from ordinary people who use medicinal plants. Herbal medicine has been practiced worldwide and is now recognized by World Health Organization (WHO) as an essential building block for primary healthcare. Though the traditional Indian system of medicine has a long history if use, they lacked adequate scientific documentation, particularly in the light of modern scientific knowledge. As per ayurveda the Delonix regia tree balances vata (earth&air) and pitta (fire&water) hence widely used in ayurvedic, unani and in homeopathic medicines.

The Delonix regia tree is an ornamental plant in India it is widely grown in road sides. Delonix regia belongs to fabaceae family which is native to Madagascar and east Africa. Delonix regia with an impressive range of medicinal and biological properties has been used in the folk medicine systems of several civilizations like for the treatment of constipation, inflammation, arthritis, hemiplagia, leucorrhoea and rheumatism. The various part of Delonix regia tree extract possess anti- microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, hypoglycemic, antiinflammatory , astringent, aphrodisiac, anti -oxidant and diuretic properties. Traditionally Delonix regia plant is used as anthelmintic, antimicrobial, anticancer, antirheumatic, antimalarial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective activity, antiulcer and anti-diabetic.

Keywords

Delonix regia, Phytochemical Compounds, Anti-Diabetic, Wound Healing, Antimicrobial Activity.

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Shalini Karunanithi ¹, Vijaya Bharathi Rajkishore ¹, Radha Ramalingam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Madras Medical College, Chennai, IN

Abstract

The plant Erythrina variegata belongs to the Fabaceae family, is a tree with prickly stems. It is a wild growing forest plant in India. The common English names for Erythrina variegata include Indian coral tree, Moochy wood tree. The genus includes 110 species, many of which are cultivated as ornamentals. This is the most cultivated member of the genus. Erythrina variegata also called as Erythrina indica is a thorny deciduous tree growing upto 60 feet tall. Its young stems and other parts are finely hairy, its leaves are mostly ovate and sometimes variegated with yellow. Flowering and fruiting is done in the February-may. It is popular in indigenous system of medicine like Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy. A wide range of chemical compounds have been isolated from this plant mainly alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids and lectin. Different parts of the plant have been used in traditional medicine as a nervinesedative, collyrium in opthalmia, anti-asthmatic, antiepileptic, antiseptic, astringent, toothache, emmenagogue and galactagogue. Erythrina variegata is an adulterant to the ayurvedic drug Rohitaka. The younger the leaves are the better is their food value, and is an unsurpassed stuff for mixing with rice-straw. The present article summarize review on the plant, its phytochemistry and pharmacological activities.

Keywords

Erythrina variegata, Phytochemitry, Pharmacological Activity, Emmenagogue, Galactagogue.

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