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The plant Nardostachys jatamansi DC. (Valerianaceae) is a critically endangered rhizome bearing medicinal herb. The herb Nardostachys jatamansi DC. is known to be a popular medicinal and aromatic plant species. It is restricted to specialized habitats in high altitudes of Himalaya ranging from 3000 to 5000m. It is a reputed Ayurvedic herb and used in various multiple formulations. It has also been mentioned in the Holy Bible and Quran.
Jatamansi has been traditionally employed in treatment of wide range of disorders including nervous system, digestive system, circulatory system, respiratory system, urinary system, reproductive system and skin diseases. It shows marked tranquillizing activity, as well as hypotensive, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-ischemic, antiarrhythmic, anticonvulsant activities. The ischolar_mains and rhizomes of Nardostachys jatamansi DC. have been used to treat epilepsy, hysteria, syncope and mental weakness. It also exhibits cardio protective activity and used in the treatment of neural diseases. The essential oil obtained from the ischolar_mains of jatamansi showed various pharmacological activity including antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant activity. Sesquiterpene is the major component of this plant, others include jatamansone, nardostachone. But this reputed plant species have become critically endangered and requires various conservation strategies. The present article summarizes review on plant, its Phytochemistry and its pharmacological activity which have been reported.
