Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Technology

Piyush K. Rekhawar ¹, A. V. Chendewar ¹, R. L. Bakal ¹, Santhosh Shep ¹, Keshao Giradkar ¹

Affiliations
1 P. Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, Yavatmal (MS), IN

Abstract

The highly lipophilic nature of the skin restricts the permeation of hydrophilic, high molecular weight and charged compounds through the stratum corneum into the systemic circulation. However, many therapeutically active drug molecules are hydrophilic and possess high molecular weights for example, peptides. Iontophoresis is an alternative drug and cosmetic delivery system. A low-level electrical current is applied to a similarly charged drug or cosmetic solution. Iontophoresis repels the drug ions which diffuse through the skin to the underlying tissue. In contrast to passive transdermal patch drug delivery, iontophoresis is an active (electrically driven) method that allows the delivery of water-soluble ionic drugs that would not be effectively absorbed through the skin without application of a voltage. This presentation provides a general overview on iontophoresis with the emphasis on possible advantages associated with this system, principles, mechanisms associated with them, summarization of different application and factors affecting iontophoresis, evaluation parameter used to determine the feasibility of using iontophoretic delivery devices to facilitate the transdermal transport of hydrophilic charged macromolecules of peptides, such as vasopressin, and proteins, such as insulin, across the skin.

Keywords

Transdermal, Iontophoresis.

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B. Roge Ashish ¹, S. Sakhare Ram ¹, R. L. Bakal ¹, M. A. Channawar ¹, B. V. Bakde ¹, S. R. Gawande ¹, A. V. Chandewar ¹

Affiliations
1 P. Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, Yavatmal, IN

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery system is emerging system as compaired to oral and parentral.in TDDS, patch system was developed to control the release of drug. Conventional transdermal drug delivery system achieved advantages over the oral and parenteral. Consequently a number of vesicular drug delivery systems such as liposomes, niosomes were been developed as novel transdermal drug delivery system. Firstly, it delivers the drug at a rate directed by the needs of the body, over the period of treatment. Secondly, it channel the active entity to the site of action. However, TDDS has limited market success due to the barrier properties of the Stratum Corneum and stability of formulation. ethosomes is better achievement in vesicular drug delivery system, helpful to achieve goal needed by NTDDS. Ethosomes are noninvasive delivery carriers that enable drugs to reach the deep skin layers and/or the systemic circulation. This review focus on introduction, mechanism of penetration, method of preparation, methods of characterization and application in the field.

Keywords

TDDS, CTDDS, NTDDS, Stratum Corneum , Vesicular Drug Delivery System, Ethosomes.

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M. N. Dahake ¹, P. P. Wattamwar ², R. A. Bongirwar ², D. S. Mohale ², R. L. Bakal ², A. V. Chandewar ²

Affiliations
1 P. Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, Yavatmal (M.S.), IN
2 P. Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, Yavatmal (M.S.), IN

Abstract

Oral delivery of drug is the most preferable route of drug delivery due to ease of administration, patient compliance and flexibility in formulation etc. However, it is a well accepted fact that it is difficult to predict the real in vivo time of release with solid, oral controlled release dosage forms. Various attempts have been made to prolong the retention time of the dosage form in the stomach. One such approach is development of floating Microspheres involves preparation of a device that remains buoyant in the stomach contents due to its lower density than that of the gastric fluids.Floating microspheres are gastro-retentive drug delivery systems based on non-effervescent approach. These microspheres are characteristically free flowing powders consisting of proteins or synthetic polymers, ideally having a size less than 200 micrometer. Floating microspheres are prepared by solvent diffusion and evaporation methods to create the hollow inner core. Floating microspheres are specially gaining attention due to their wide applicability in the targeting of drugs to stomach.

Keywords

Oral Controlled Release Dosage Form, Retention Time, Floating Microsphere.

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