Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Technology

Nakkala Balaji ¹, V. Sai Kishore ¹, Kasani Hari Krishna Gouda ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Guntur (Dt), Andhra Pradesh- 522101, IN

Abstract

Niosomes or non-ionic surfactant vesicles are microscopic lamellar structures formed on admixture of non-ionic surfactant and cholesterol with subsequent hydration in aqueous media. The method of preparation of Niosome is based on liposome technology. The basic process of preparation is the same i.e. hydration by aqueous phase of the lipid phase which may be either a pure surfactant or a mixture of surfactant with cholesterol. Niosomes are having greater flexibility with respect to composition, fluidity and size. They can be designed based on desired situation. After preparing niosomal dispersion, unentrapped drug is separated by dialysis centrifugation or gel filtration. A method of in-vitro release rate study includes the use of dialysis tubing. Niosomes are unilamellar or multilamellar vesicles based on method of preparation. Niosomal drug delivery is potentially applicable to many pharmacological agents for their action against various diseases.Niosomes is most popular in targeted drug delivery. Niosomes are more stable than Liposomes.

Keywords

Niosomes, Encapsulation, Surfactants, Vesicles.

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Nakkala Balaji ¹, V. Sai Kishore ², Kasani Hari krishna Gouda ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Guntur (Dt), Andhra Pradesh, 522101, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Guntur (Dt), Andhra Pradesh-522101, IN

Abstract

Simvastatin (SIM) is a lipid lowering agent derived synthetically from a fermentation product of Aspergillus terreus. Simvastatin reversibly inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, which catalyzes a rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis. One of the major problems with this drug is its low solubility in biological fluids, which results into poor bioavailability after oral administration. Therefore, solid dispersions (SDs) of Simvastatin were prepared to increase its aqueous solubility using carriers such as lactose, urea. Simvastatin SDs was prepared in 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5 ratios of the drug to carrier (w/w). Solid dispersions were prepared by employing solvent evaporation and kneading methods. The prepared solid dispersion was evaluated for drug content, in vitro drug release studies and powder X- ray diffractometry. In vitro drug release profiles of all SDs were comparatively evaluated and also studied against pure Simvastatin. Faster dissolution was exhibited by solid dispersion prepared by solvent evaporation containing 1:4 ratio of Simvastatin: Urea. It was observed that kneading method was more effective than solvent evaporation. In vitro drug release studies revealed that there was progressive improvement in the drug release rate from solid dispersions systems compared to pure drug alone. The rate of drug release was depended on the type, ratio of drug to carrier and method of preparation of solid dispersions. The enhancement in dissolution rate of the drug may be due to increase in wettability, hydrophilic nature of the carrier and due to reduction in drug crystallinity.

Keywords

Solid Dispersions, Simvastatin, Solubility, Carrier, Solvent Evaporation, Kneading Method.

Full Text

     

Nakkala Balaji ¹, V. Sai Kishore ¹, Kasani Hari Krishna Gouda ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Guntur (Dt), Andhra Pradesh-522101, IN

Abstract

Simvastatin (SIM) is a lipid lowering agent derived synthetically from a fermentation product of Aspergillus terreus. Simvastatin reversibly inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, which catalyzes a rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis. One of the major problems with this drug is its low solubility in biological fluids, which results into poor bioavailability after oral administration. Therefore, solid dispersions (SDs) of Simvastatin were prepared to increase its aqueous solubility using carriers such as lactose, urea. Simvastatin SDs was prepared in 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5 ratios of the drug to carrier (w/w). Solid dispersions were prepared by employing solvent evaporation and kneading methods. The prepared solid dispersion was evaluated for drug content, in vitro drug release studies and powder X- ray diffractometry. In vitro drug release profiles of all SDs were comparatively evaluated and also studied against pure Simvastatin. Faster dissolution was exhibited by solid dispersion prepared by solvent evaporation containing 1:4 ratio of Simvastatin: Urea. It was observed that kneading method was more effective than solvent evaporation. In vitro drug release studies revealed that there was progressive improvement in the drug release rate from solid dispersions systems compared to pure drug alone. The rate of drug release was depended on the type, ratio of drug to carrier and method of preparation of solid dispersions. The enhancement in dissolution rate of the drug may be due to increase in wettability, hydrophilic nature of the carrier and due to reduction in drug crystallinity.

Keywords

Solid Dispersions, Simvastatin, Solubility, Carrier, Solvent Evaporation, Kneading Method.

Full Text