Nature Environment and Pollution Technology

M. Tharakeshwari ¹, Shobha Jagannath ¹

Affiliations
1 DOS in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasgangotri, Mysore-570 006, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to find out the physico-chemical characteristics of both untreated and treated distillery effluent and effect of various concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100 % v/v) of treated distillery effluent on the seed germination and seedling growth of Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek Var. Pusa baisaki and Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Var. CS 1. The physico-chemical analysis of the effluent showed high alkalinity with high BOD and COD, total dissolved solids, and total suspended solids. The germination in 25% concentration was found to be maximum as compared to 75 and 100% concentrations. 25% concentration of distillery effluent was found to be beneficial for the growth of shoot and ischolar_main in both the plants as compared to control, indicating the enhancing influence of plant nutrients present in the effluent. However, the reduction in seedling growth revealed that constituents of distillery effluent at higher concentrations exhibited deleterious effects on both the crops plants.

Keywords

Distillery Effluent, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Seed Germination, Seedling Growth.

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Nethra Nanjunda Swamy ¹, Shobha Jagannath ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Studies in Botany, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore-570 006, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Oxadiargyl is widely used to control weeds in sugarcane, sunflower, rice, soya, onion and potatoes. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of oxadiargyl on somatic chromosomes of Helianthus annuus L. The sunflower ischolar_mains were treated with different concentrations of oxadiargyl (0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 ppm). Cytological observations showed a decrease in the mitotic frequency in ischolar_main meristematic cells with increase in concentrations of oxadiargyl. In addition oxadiargyl induced various types of chromosomal abnormalities namely degeneration of chromosomes, stickiness of chromosomes, anaphasic bridges and laggard chromosomes, a pronounced cytotoxic effect was observed in concentrations above 2.5 ppm. The present study clearly indicates the hazardous nature of the herbicide.

Keywords

Helianthus annuus L., Oxadiargyl, Chromosome Aberrations, Mitotic Index.

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