Nature Environment and Pollution Technology

G. Mahadevaswamy ¹, D. Nagaraju ¹, C. Papanna ¹, P. C. Nagesh ², Krishna Rao ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Studies in Geology, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore-570 006, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Studies in Geology, University of Bangalore, Bangalore-570 001, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

An attempt has been made to study drainage morphometry and its influence on hydrology of Nanjanagud taluk. For detailed study, data for preparing DEM, aspect grid and slope maps, geographic information system (GIS) was used in evaluation of linear, areal and relief aspects of morphometric parameters. The study reveals that the elongated shape of the area is mainly due to guiding effect of thrusting and faulting. In all 41 sub-basins in Nanjangud taluk have been selected for the study. Quantitative morphometric analysis has been carried out for linear, relief and aerial aspects for all the sub-basins. The streams up to fourth order can be seen in all the sub-basins. The morphometric analysis reveals that Hullahalli sub-basin has lower value of drainage density, stream frequency, elongation ratio, relief ratio and infiltration number indicating highly permeable sub-soil materials under dense vegetation cover. Except Hullahalli sub-basin, all the other sub-basins show fractured, resistant, permeable rocks and drainage network seems to be not affected by tectonic disturbances.

Keywords

Morphometric Analysis, Drainage Characteristics, Nanjanagud Taluk, Sub-Basins, GIS.

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D. Nagaraju ¹, C. Papanna ¹, G. Mahadevaswamy ¹, H. T. Lakshmikanth Raju ¹, P. C. Nagesh ², Krishna Rao ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Studies in Geology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570 006, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Geology, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi, Bangalore-560 056, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Land use, land cover, and soil texture studies are important for watershed characteristics. Most of the hydrological phenomenon depend upon these characteristics. Remote sensing is a powerful spin-off from space exploitation, and it has emerged as a tool for watershed characteristics, planning and management in recent times. The integrated approach of remote sensing and GIS has capabilities of data explanation, storage, retrieval and manipulation, and plays an important role for systematic analysis of various lithological, geomorphological, soil hydrological and land use characterization following the synoptic and multi-spectral coverage of terrain. In the present study, IRS-IB, 26 January 2004 satellite data have been analyzed in conjunction with topographical data of Harve watershed for land use, land cover and soil texture studies of a watershed under the GIS environment.

Keywords

Remote Sensing, GIS, Storage Retrieval, Harve Watershed.

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D. Nagaraju ¹, C. Papanna ¹, G. Mahadevaswamy ¹, H. T. Lakshmikanth Raju ¹, P. C. Nagesh ², Krishna Rao ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Studies in Geology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570 006, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Geology, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi, Bangalore-560 056, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Microwatershed covering Kuderu, Dasanur and other adjoining villages was selected for a detailed accounting of the groundwater budget. Groundwater is the main source of water for agriculture and livestock. The net annual recharge available for minor irrigation is estimated at 438 ham thereby reaching grey category. Further exploration without recharging the groundwater body needs vigilance. Construction of artificial recharge structures are suggested. The quality of water is generally suited for drinking and irrigation purposes.

Keywords

Kabini River Basin, Groundwater Quality, Artificial Recharge.

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D. Nagaraju ¹, G. Mahadevaswamy ¹, S. Siddalingamurthy ¹, P. C. Nagesh ¹, Krishna Rao ², G. V. Pankaja ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Studies in Geology, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore-570 006, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Studies in Geology, University of Bangalore, Bangalore, Karnataka, IN
3 Department of Mathematics, N.I.E. College, Mysore, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

While water supply is a crucial issue, there is an evidence to suggest that the quality of groundwater supplies is also under threat in recent years. This is the result of salinisation and increasing trend of groundwater exploitation and heterogeneous terrain condition of hard rock area posing major problem in groundwater exploration. Groundwater exploitation has been on the rise in Chamarajanagar district, Karnataka. Competing demands have grown in face of perennial water shortages, a situation which has been exaggerated by drought condition in the past decade. Integrated and environmentally sustainable development strategies have become inevitable for micro-level planning these days. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used for spatial analysis and integration. Geomedia Professional 5.1 GIS software was adopted in this process. The ranked maps were spatially integrated and the district area was divided into very good, good, moderate and low groundwater potential zones. Aquifer thickness map was generated by intersection of well inventory, sub-surface geological, geophysical and groundwater potential data. Based on aquifer thickness, aquifer was categorized into deep aquifer, shallow aquifer and moderately deep aquifer. By combining groundwater potential zone and aquifer thickness, the watershed area was reclassified into eleven priority zones, recommended for different agricultural practices, groundwater development and management of aquifer recharge.

Keywords

Groundwater Development, Remote Sensing, GIS, Salinization, Drought Prone Area.

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D. Nagaraju ¹, C. Papanna ¹, P. C. Nagesh ¹, Krishna Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Deptt. of Studies in Geology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570 006, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The groundwater recharge assessment studies in Nagamangala taluk in Mandya district were carried out based on geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing techniques. In this connection satellite images (IRS-IA LISS+PAN+Wifs Image) and aerial plots were subjected to several treatment processes using software like ERDAS imagine and ESRI's Arc view. Thus, various thematic maps have been prepared for drainage density, lineaments, lithology and land cover/land use that allowed deciding their interactive effect. In the present study, the degree of effect was determined for each factor to assess the total groundwater recharge potentiality for two categories (moderate rate to low). The resultant map shows that 85% of the area has low and rest has moderate groundwater recharge potentiality. Finally, only 8.6% of the total average annual precipitated water (1685 mm) percolates into subsurface and ultimately contributes to recharge the groundwater.

Keywords

Groundwater Recharge, GIS, Remote Sensing, Recharge Potential, Nagamanagal Taluk.

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