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Olowoyo, J. O.
- Effect of Different Soil Amendments on Growth Performance and Levels of Copper and Zinc in Lycopersicon esculentum
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Authors
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1 Department of Biology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, ZA
2 Agricultural Research Council, Rodeplaat Vegetable and Ornamental Plants, ZA
1 Department of Biology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, ZA
2 Agricultural Research Council, Rodeplaat Vegetable and Ornamental Plants, ZA
Source
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 17, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 255-259Abstract
Organic and inorganic amendments are added to soil with the aim of improving the crop yield. The present study investigated the effect of three types of soil amendments; organic (cow dung, chicken droppings) and inorganic (NPK-fertilizer) on trace metals (Cu and Zn) uptake and growth rate performance of greenhouse cultivated Lycopersicon esculentum. Thirty-two pot-plants were used for the study, each containing mixture of soil and weighed different amendments for the cultivation of L. esculentum. The fruits were harvested at maturity and later analysed for trace metal concentrations using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The study revealed significant differences in heights, stem girths and canopy sizes, as well as the concentrations of Zn. The growth performance and yield results were in the order of NPK fertilizer > chicken droppings manure > cow dung manure > control. The mean concentrations of trace metals indicated that the highest concentrations for trace elements were recorded for both Cu and Zn in Lycopersicon eculentum cultivated in cow dung amended soil. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of Cu in tomato fruits across the amendments. However, there was a significant difference in the concentrations of Zn recorded for the L. esculentum across the group (p<0.05). The transfer factor of metals for this study showed that tomato fruits did not bioaccumulate the trace metals, and therefore the study revealed that these types of manures and fertilizer are safe to be used as soil amendments without increasing the trace metals elevated levels of phytotoxicity.Keywords
Chicken Droppings, Cow Dung, Soil Amendments, Heavy Metals, Lycopersicon esculentum, Growth Performance.References
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- Health Risk Assessment of Toxic Trace Metals in Private Car Dusts from Pretoria, South Africa
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Biology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Medunsa, Pretoria, 0204, ZA
2 Department of Botany, University of Lagos, Akoka, NG
1 Department of Biology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Medunsa, Pretoria, 0204, ZA
2 Department of Botany, University of Lagos, Akoka, NG
Source
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 17, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 525-531Abstract
Concentration of trace metals from car dust have not been examined from private cars in South Africa. The present study investigated the concentrations of trace metals from selected car dust from three car washing centres in Pretoria, South Africa. Different private cars were selected at three prominent car washing centres in Pretoria, South Africa. Dust samples were collected from these cars and analysed for trace metal concentrations using ICP-MS. The highest mean concentrations for the trace metals were recorded for Mn (862.9 ± 14.65 μg/g). The concentrations of Mn, Zn, Cu and Cr were the highest from all the dust samples. A positive correlation was also noticed for elements such as Pb and Cu, Cu and Zn, Mn and Pb, Cr and Pb and Mn and Cu suggesting a common source for these elements. The geo-accumulation revealed extreme contamination for trace metals Cr, Ni and Zn with values greater than 7. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk calculated showed that the exposure route was in the order: ingestion > dermal absorption > inhalation. Both the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk calculated for the drivers are less than 1. However, continuous ingestion with an increase in the concentration of these metals may pose serious carcinogenic risk over time. It will therefore be necessary for future research to investigate the relationship between the trace metals in blood of these drivers.Keywords
Car Dust, Toxic Trace Metals, Pretoria, Health Risk Assessment.References
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