Nature Environment and Pollution Technology

B. Digamber Rao ¹, M. Ramesh Babu ¹, N. Ellaswamy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, A. P., IN

Abstract

Cyanobacteria are prokaryotic photoautotrophs capable of carrying out photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation simultaneously and they locate from different habitats are known to produce a diverse array of toxic bioactive compounds, particularly in terms of the physiology and ecology of the cyanobacteria that produce them, remains largely unknown. Although the potential of cyanobacteria as biofertiliser is well known, the attention has recently been focused on the biotechnological potential of cyanobacteria for obtaining pharmacologically active secondary metabolites which exhibit anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal or anti-inflammatory, antiplasmodial, algicide, antiplatelet aggregation, immunosuppressive activities, expressing allelopathy character as well as the potential for development and application of these compounds as algicides, herbicides and insecticides. This review will discuss the existing evidence for the role of cyanotoxins, and specifically present relevant results from investigations into toxins of cyanobacteria from the published literature.

Keywords

Cyanobacteria, Cyanotoxins, Antimicrobial, Allelopathy, Algicide.

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B. Kumaraswamy ¹, L. Dup Singh ¹, M. Ramesh Babu ¹, B. Digamber Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Algal Biotechnology & Hydrobiology Lab, Department of Botany, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, A. P., IN

Abstract

A total of 105 algal members were reported from two freshwater reservoirs of Warangal (A.P.) including phytoplanktonic and euplanktonic algae belonging to 71 genera, in which 21 Cyanophyceae, 28 Chlorophyceae, 18 Bacillariophyceae and 4 Euglenophyceae genera were identified. Waddepally reservoir was observed with 67 species followed by Bhadrakali reservoir with 83 species of algae under investigation. This is a first report of freshwater algae from Warangal, as the previous reports were related to only Cyanophyceae from paddy fields and wet soil samples.

Keywords

Phytoplankton, Bhadrakali Reservoir, Waddepally Reservoir.

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K. Lalitha Kumari ¹, T. Malathi ¹, D. Snehalatha ¹, T. Aseervadam ¹, B. Digamber Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Algal Biotechnology & Hydrobiology Lab, Department of Botany, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, A. P., IN

Abstract

The effect of monochromatic light, red, yellow, green and blue has been studied on the cultures of Cladophora crispata against white and total darkness with reference to the growth, morphological variation and pigment changes. Maximum growth was observed under white light. Red light favoured the growth while blue light and darkness retarded totally its growth.

Keywords

Monochromatic Light, Cladophora crispata, Piment Production, Growth.

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B. Digamber Rao ¹, G. Shamitha ², G. Renuka ², M. Ramesh Babu ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, A.P., IN
2 Department of Zoology, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, A.P., IN

Abstract

Soil samples were collected from different agro-climatic regions of north Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh. Sterilized nitrogen free BG-11 medium was used for isolation of nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria. Antifungal activity of four strains of Tolypothrix were studied. Methanolic extracts from biomass of selected Cyanobacteria were isolated and screened against four strains of fungi (Candida albicans, Candida guilliermondii, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus). The growth of all fungal strains tested were inhibited by the culture extracts and C-phycocyanin. Bioassay studies of Eri silkworm expressed no symptom of ill-health after feeding the C-phycocyanin treated castor leaves (Ricinus cummunis), and body weight and silk gland weights were also increased compared to control sample. The present study is also envisaged on the impact of phycocyanin of Tolypothrix species on the carbohydrate content and amylase activity in Eri silkworm (Samia cynthia ricini). According to the obtained results it is concluded that extracts from Tolypothrix sp. could be used traditionally in the treatment of microbial infections and also for the increase of carbohydrate and amylase activity in the silkworm under investigation.

Keywords

C-Phycocyanin, Tolypothrix sps., Anti Fungal Activity, Biochemical Activity, Eri Silkworm.

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B. Chinnaiah ¹, B. Digamber Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, A.P., IN

Abstract

The present study deals with the water quality of Pakhal and Ramappa lakes of Warangal district, Andhra Pradesh for a period of one year from 1999 (September) to 2000 (August). The parameters studied comprised temperature, pH, total hardness, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand and total alkalinity. Algal growth in the water bodies was also correlated to the physico-chemical characteristics.

Keywords

Pakhal and Ramappa Lakes Water Quality.

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B. Digamber Rao ¹, D. Srinivas ¹, O. Padmaja ¹, G. Dayakar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, A.P., IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, A.P., IN

Abstract

Antibacterial activity of some heterocystous cyanobacteria from paddy fields in Warangal district of Andhra Pradesh was studied. Soil samples were collected from various regions of paddy fields of Warangal and cyanobacteria were isolated. Supernatants and methanolic extracts from biomass of 42 strains of cyanobacteria were isolated and screened against four strains of bacteria. Methanolic extracts and culture supernatants of 6 strains of cyanobacteria exhibited significant antibacterial effect. According to these results, it is concluded that Anabaena and Stegonema species have more potential for producing antimicrobial substance than other strains.

Keywords

Antibacterial Activity, Antibiotics, Paddy Fields, Cyanobacteria, Bioactive Compounds, Anabaena Sp., Stegonema Sp..

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N. Ellaswamy ¹, D. Snehalatha ¹, T. Aseervadham ¹, B. Digamber Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, Telangana, IN

Abstract

The Lower Manair Dam (LMD) gets water from Kakatiya canal which connects the Manair Dam and put to use for drinking purpose and irrigation purpose since from 1995. The Manakondur Tank (MT), which is located near the Karimnager city, provides water for irrigation, drinking and also used for recreational activities. Both the water bodies under study are also tourist places and covered with agriculture lands and rocky hills. There are many aquatic ecosystems which remain unexplored, in which LMD and MT were also not received attention. Hence, the present study was undertaken to elucidate certain aspects of ecology of phytoplanktons of the selected water bodies in Karimnager, Telangana State, India, with reference to their seasonal abundance and population dynamics under changing environment, during the period of September 2012 to August 2014. A total of 182 forms of euplanktonic and tycoplanktonic algae belonging to 94 genera were recorded from the sampling water bodies during the period of study. In the present investigation, four groups of algae were studied in which Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Euglenophyceae were identified. Community of phytoplankton was constituted by the members of 4 classes, of which 41 belonged to Bacillariophyceae, 65 to Chlorophyceae, 57 to Cyanophyceae and 19 to Euglenophyceae. The Chlorophyceae members were predominant over others in LMD, and Cyanophyceae over others in MT water body.

Keywords

Phytoplanktons, Lower Manair Dam, Manakondur Tank, Aquatic Ecosystem, Euplanktonic Algae, Tycoplanktonic Algae.

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