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Kumar, Harish
- Performance Evaluation of New 1 MN Force Standard Machine Established at NPL(I)
Abstract Views :169 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), Dr K S Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, IN
1 National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), Dr K S Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, IN
Source
Manufacturing Technology Today, Vol 11, No 12 (2012), Pagination: 26-30Abstract
A new 1 MN force standard machine using dead weight force up to 100 kN and lever multiplication of dead weight force up to 1000 kN has recently been installed at NPL (I). The metrological performance of the machine including the uncertainty of the force realized and its relative deviation from the force values measured by precision force transfer standards calibrated in the PTB force standard machine of equivalent uncertainty has been evaluated. The measurement results affirm the estimated uncertainty of the force realized, which is within ±20 ppm on the dead weight side and within ±90 ppm on the lever side. The construction and operational mechanism are described and the measurement results are reported in this paper.Keywords
Force Standard Machine, Lever Cum Dead Weight Machine, CMC.
- Influence of process variables on surface roughness of 316L stainless steel parts fabricated via selective laser melting process
Abstract Views :54 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Technology Delhi, IN
2 CSIR–National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, IN
3 Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, IN
1 National Institute of Technology Delhi, IN
2 CSIR–National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, IN
3 Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, IN
Source
Manufacturing Technology Today, Vol 22, No 1 (2023), Pagination: 33-38Abstract
Selective laser melting process (SLM) is a metal additive manufacturing technique with excellent design freedom and feasibility. In SLM, a high-energy source is used to melt powder particles into a pattern of successive layers. However, the major challenge associated with the SLM process is that the parts have a high surface roughness (Ra) compared to forming, machining, and rolling processes. In this paper, the core parameters, including scan speed, hatch distance, laser power, and energy density effects discussed as the roughness parameters. The experimental runs were designed based on Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. The results displayed that Ra of samples was largely affected by laser power as compared to scanning speed and hatching spacing. The Ra of samples achieved less at high energy density. In contrast to other surface finishing operations, the polished sample showed the average Ra value of 0.049 μm manufactured at an energy density of 58.83 J/mm3.Keywords
Selective Laser Melting, Process Parameter, Energy Density, 316L SS, Surface Roughness.References
- AlMangour, B., Grzesiak, D., & Yang, J. M. (2017). In-situ formation of novel TiC-particle-reinforced 316L stainless steel bulk-form composites by selective laser melting. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 706, 409-418.
- Aqilah, D. N., Farazila, Y., Suleiman, D. Y., Amirah, M. A. N., & Izzati, W. B. W. N. (2018). Effects of process parameters on the surface roughness of stainless steel 316L parts produced by selective laser melting. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 46(4), 1673-1683.
- Brytan, Z. (2017). Comparison of vacuum sintered and selective laser melted steel AISI 316L. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, 62.
- Calignano, F., Manfredi, D., Ambrosio, E. P., Iuliano, L., & Fino, P. (2013). Influence of process parameters on surface roughness of aluminum parts produced by DMLS. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 67(9), 2743-2751.
- Cherry, J. A., Davies, H. M., Mehmood, S., Lavery, N. P., Brown, S. G. R., & Sienz, J. (2015). Investigation into the effect of process parameters on microstructural and physical properties of 316L stainless steel parts by selective laser melting. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 76(5), 869-879.
- Ghorbani, J., Li, J., & Srivastava, A. K. (2020). Application of optimized laser surface re-melting process on selective laser melted 316L stainless steel inclined parts. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 56, 726-734.
- Kurzynowski, T., Gruber, K., Stopyra, W., Kuźnicka, B., & Chlebus, E. (2018). Correlation between process parameters, microstructure and properties of 316 L stainless steel processed by selective laser melting. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 718, 64-73.
- Pant, M., Nagdeve, L., Kumar, H., & Moona, G. (2022). A contemporary investigation of metal additive manufacturing techniques. Sādhanā, 47(1), 1-19.
- Prashanth, K. G., Scudino, S., Maity, T., Das, J., & Eckert, J. (2017). Is the energy density a reliable parameter for materials synthesis by selective laser melting. Materials Research Letters, 5(6), 386-390.
- Song, B., Dong, S., Zhang, B., Liao, H., & Coddet, C. (2012). Effects of processing parameters on microstructure and mechanical property of selective laser melted Ti6Al4V. Materials & Design, 35, 120-125.
- Strano, G., Hao, L., Everson, R. M., & Evans, K. E. (2013). Surface roughness analysis, modelling and prediction in selective laser melting. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 213(4), 589-597.
- Sun, Z., Tan, X., Tor, S. B., & Chua, C. K. (2018). Simultaneously enhanced strength and ductility for 3D-printed stainless steel 316L by selective laser melting. NPG Asia Materials, 10(4), 127-136.
- Thijs, L., Verhaeghe, F., Craeghs, T., Van Humbeeck, J., & Kruth, J. P. (2010). A study of the microstructural evolution during selective laser melting of Ti–6Al–4V. Acta materialia, 58(9), 3303-3312.
- Wang, D., Liu, Y., Yang, Y., & Xiao, D. (2016). Theoretical and experimental study on surface roughness of 316L stainless steel metal parts obtained through selective laser melting. Rapid Prototyping Journal. 22(4), 706-716.
- Yakout, M., Elbestawi, M. A., & Veldhuis, S. C. (2018). On the characterization of stainless steel 316L parts produced by selective laser melting. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 95(5), 1953-1974.
- Experimental Analysis of Brazed Diamond Dresser Using Single Grit Scratch on Zirconia Ceramic
Abstract Views :52 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India., IN
1 Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India., IN
Source
Manufacturing Technology Today, Vol 22, No 4 (2023), Pagination: 8-13Abstract
The overall performance of the grinding wheel is difficult to analyze, as it is a compilation of individual abrasive grit contributions. The single grit scratch test is useful to investigate the effect of the individual grit effect on the work material. A vacuum-brazed diamond dresser is developed for the single grit scratch experiment. Partially stabilized zirconia is used as work material to study the mechanics of material removal and mode of grit failure. The experiments were performed in dry conditions by varying the wheel speed, table feed, and depth of cut. The grit failure mechanism has been analyzed using a scanning electron microscope image and correlated with the induced force during the scratch test. The results show that the diamond microcracking was observed after 370 mm of grinding scratch marks. And the maximum tangential and normal force withstand by the diamond grit is 13.09 N and 19.65N, respectively.Keywords
Single Grit Scratch, Ceramics, Force Analysis.References
- Anand, P., Arunachalam, N., & Vijayaraghavan, L. (2019). Evaluation of grinding strategy for bioceramic material through a single grit scratch test using force and acoustic emission signals. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 37, 457-469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.12.006
- Buhl, S., Leinenbach, C., Spolenak, R., & Wegener, K. (2013). Failure mechanisms and cutting characteristics of brazed single diamond grains. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 66(5-8), 775-786. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-4365-z
- Denkena, B., Wippermann, A., Busemann, S., Kuntz, M., & Gottwik, L. (2018). Comparison of residual strength behavior after indentation, scratching and grinding of zirconia-based ceramics for medical-technical applications. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 38(4), 1760-1768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jeurceramsoc.2017.11.042
- Denry, I., & Kelly, J. R. (2008). State of the art of zirconia for dental applications. Dental Materials, 24(3), 299-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. dental.2007.05.007
- Flanders, L. A., Quinn, J. B., Wilson, O. C., & Lloyd, I. K. (2003). Scratch hardness and chipping of dental ceramics under different environments. Dental Materials, 19(8), 716-724. https://doi. org/10.1016/S0109-5641(03)00018-6
- Lee, S. K., Tandon, R., Readey, M. J., & Lawn, B. R. (2000). Scratch damage in zirconia ceramics. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 83(6), 1428-1432. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01406.x
- Matsuo, T., Toyoura, S., Oshima, E., & Ohbuchi, Y. (1989). Effect of Grain Shape on Cutting Force in Superabrasive Single-Grit Tests. CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, 38(1), 323-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506 (07)62714-0
- Naskar, A., Choudhary, A., & Paul, S. (2020). Wear mechanism in high-speed superabrasive grinding of titanium alloy and its effect on surface integrity. Wear, 462-463(September), 203475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2020.203475
- Ohbuchi, Y., & Matsuo, T. (1991). Force and Chip Formation in Single-Grit Orthogonal Cutting with Shaped CBN and Diamond Grains. CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, 40(1), 327-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506 (07)61998-2