Journal of Surface Science and Technology

S. K. Adhikary ¹

Affiliations
1 Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSMCRI), Bhavnagar-364 002, IN

Abstract

The desalination activity employing electrodialysis (ED) technique was initiated in India in 1960. The genesis, the march towards commercialization, the relevance of this activity to the needs of the society at large are discussed with special reference to R&D efforts at CSMCRI. The applicability of this technique under prevailing rural conditions is illustrated in the case studies of three ED plants, totally indigenous in all respects. Based on the data collected under different field conditions and laboratory experiments, a tentative cost calculation of desalination and defluoridation of brackish water was carried out and presented here. A short list of applications other than desalination is also given.

Keywords

Electrodialysis, Desalination, Defluoridation, Brackish Water, Sea Water, Cost.

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G. S. Trivedi ¹, B. G. Shah ¹, S. K. Adhikary ¹, R. Rangarajan ¹

Affiliations
1 Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar-364 002, IN

Abstract

Ion-exchange membrane process can be applied in many areas of science and chemical technology. An area where major developments are predicted is in the applications of bipolar membranes (BPM). Details of theory, applications, advantages and disadvantages of BPM technology are discussed. R&D work on BPM technology was initiated at CSMCRI. Some of the experimental results on the conversion of sodium sulphate, sodium acetate and sodium phosphate are reported.

Keywords

Membranes, Cation-Exchange Membranes, Anion-Exchange Membranes, Bipolar Membranes, Electrodialytic Water Dissociation Process, Acids and Bases.

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