Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health

S. Ali ¹, A. Barat ¹, H. Pandey ¹, G. K. Sivaraman ², P. K. Sahoo ¹, J. Sati ¹

Affiliations
1 Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, ICAR, Bhimtal-263136, Nainital, Uttarakhand), IN
2 Research Centre of Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (ICAR), Matsyabhavan, Bhidia P.O, Veraval -362269, (Gujarat), IN

Abstract

Snow trout (Schizothorax richardsonii) is one of the economically important coldwater fish, widely used as a food fish in the Himalayan region of India. The present study examined the genetic variations between five geographically isolated populations of S. richardsonii using ATPase 6/8 and COI gene sequences of mitochondrial DNA. Analysis of 25 sequences of ATPase 6/8 gene (842 bp) and 22 sequences of COI gene (847 bp) revealed 16 and 8 haplotypes respectively. The estimated haplotype and nucleotide diversity was high in GR (Gola river, Ranibagh) population (h = 1.00000, π = 0.00475 for ATPase6/8 and h = 0.83333, π = 0.00354 for COI). Results of AMOVA indicated that majority of the genetic variations in both genes are due to variation among populations (65.41 % for ATPase6/8 and 55.57 % for COI gene). The pairwise FST comparison and Neighbour-joining tree revealed low genetic divergence of KU (Kosi river, Uttarwahini) and KR (Kosi river, Ramnagar) population from other populations. The findings of this study showed that variation levels detected by ATPase6/8 and COI gene in population of S. richardsonii were very close to each other and demonstrate utility of ATPase6/8 and COI gene sequences for the population study of S. richardsonii for conservation, breeding and management progammes.

Keywords

ATPase6/8, COI, Genetic Variations, Mt-DNA, Schizothorax Richardsonii (snow Trout)

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Himani Pandey ¹, A. Barat ², B. K. Singh ¹, Prabhati K. Sahoo ², S. Ali ², P. C. Mahanta ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Kumaun University Nainital 263001, Uttarakhand, IN
2 Coldwater Fisheries Research, (ICAR), Bhimtal-263136, Nainital, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

S. richardsonii, T. putitora, B. Bendelisis and G. Gotyla are commercially important coldwater fish, widely used as a food fish, game fish and ornamentally fish in the Uttarakhand region of India. The present study examined the phylogenetic relationship within and between four coldwater fish species from Kumaun and Garhwal region of Uttarakhand. The mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA were used to elucidate phylogeny of the family Cyprinids. Analysis of 34 sequences of 16S rRNA gene (550 bp) revealed 12 haplotypes for both regions. The 16S rRNA dataset contained 93 and 94 variable site found for Garhwal and Kumaun region respectively. Rate of transition were higher than transversion for both region. The nucleotide diversity was lowest between the T. putitora and S. richardsonii and highest between the B. bendelisis and G. gotyla for both regions. The phylogenetic tree, constructed unweighted pair group average (UPMGA) methods revealed similar results suggesting that T. putitora and S. richardsonii have a close relationship to each other while maximum divergence was observed in B. bendelisis, which was also confirmed by the genetic distance data. The understanding of genetic variations of coldwater fishes will play a key role in conservation and management of this endangered fish species.

Keywords

S. richardsonii, T. putitora, B. bendelisis, G. gotyla, 16S rRNA, Phylogenetic Relationship.

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Himani Pandey ¹, B. K. Singh ¹, S. Ali ², G. K. Sivaraman ¹, A. Barat ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Kumaun University Nainital 263001, Uttarakhand, IN
2 Coldwater Fisheries Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research Bhimtal-263136, Nainital, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

Information on the genetic profile of cultivable fish species is essential for studying molecular systematic and optimizing fisheries management and fish farming. In the Kumaun and Garhwal regions of Uttarakhand Himalayas, coldwater fish species (Cyprinidae) is widespread and endemic in the natural water bodies. The usefulness of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was examined as a potential tool to test the genetic relationship among four predominant fish species, viz., Tor putitora, Schizothorax richardsonii, Garra gotyla and Barilius bendelisis (Cyprinidae: Pisces). The samples were collected from two different geographical region of Kumaun and Garhwal of Uttarakhand. Species specific markers were observed using 10 mer random primers through RAPD-PCR assay. The statistical analysis of RAPD was performed with the software POPGENE version 1.31. The phylogenetic trees based on RAPD-PCR, by using 15 random primers, showed a consistent result of forming two separate monophyletic groups consisting of T. putitora with S. richardsonii and Garra gotyla with B. bendelisis. The present investigation concluded that these methods could be a valuable tool for studying molecular systematic and establishing the taxonomic position among cyprinids coldwater fish species of India.

Keywords

S. richardsonii, T. putitora, B. bendelisis, G. gotyla, RAPD-PCR, Genetic Diversity, Phylogenetic Relationship.

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