Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78)

Surendar Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Geology Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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Surendar Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology 36, Teg Bahadur Road, Dalanwala, Dehra Dun 248001, IN

Abstract

Textural analysis of samples of beach on the Anjidiv Island reveal that a large part of the beach is covered with well sorted, mostly negatively skewed, medium to fine sand. The waves are among the most powerful factors controlling the distribution of sand on the beach.

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Surendar Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun-248001, IN

Abstract

A large part of the area of the Binge Bay is floored by well sorted, medium to fine sand. The mean size of the sediments generally decreases with increasing depth and distance from the land. Variation in skewness from the Anjidiv Island to the middle of the Bay can be related to the mixing of two or more grain size populations in various proportions. An overall decrease in the weight per cent of total heavy mineral contents also is observed from the beach to the middle of the Bay. Fine muddy sediments are found in the regions of the main bathymetric low. Such variations occur as a result of decrease in velocity of the transporting tidal currents. The sign of the skewness is sensitive to the environment.

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Surendar Kumar ¹, A. K. Mahajan ¹

Affiliations
1 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun 248001, IN

Abstract

A moderate earthquake of magnitude 5.5 on Richter scale rocked the Dharamshala area in Himachal Pradesh on 26th April 1986 at 07.35 : 17 GMT. The earthquake was felt in Kangra valley, Kullu, Mandi and Chamba areas. Dharamshala town, Macleodganj and Naddi etc., were subjected to maximum damage where the mud houses, older buildings and some of the Govt. buildings suffered maximum loss. Cracks along mortar joints, fall of plaster and relative movement of walls were observed in a number of residential buildings. On the basis of study, four isoseisrnals of VII, VI, V, IV intensities on the MMscale have been drawn. The shape of these isoseismals is elliptical and based on this, the NW/SE trending epicentral tract of this earthquake has been estimated to bel oeated just at Dharamshala Town. With the land levelHng survey and field observation of cracks and fracture, the direction of movement and direction of fracture is also shown. Local depth distribution of earthquake in the Dharamshala area suggests that fractures causing this earthquake have. direct relationship with the local thrust faults.

Keywords

Geophysics (Seismology), Earthquake, Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh.

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Surendar Kumar ¹, D. P. Dobhal ¹

Affiliations
1 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology Dehra Dun- 248001, IN

Abstract

The snout fluctuation of Chhota Shigri Glacier has been examined for the period of 1962 to 1989. This period can be characterised as one of general retreat. The morainic levels at different positions and altitudes show the past extension of the glacier, eventhough then is no documented record of past advance and retreat of the glacier. But on the basis of the different morainic deposits the nature of past extension and deglaciation history of the glacier can be inferred. There are six such morainic levels recognised in the field. On the basis of these deposits the total retreat of glacier is calculated as about 2.5 km. since its break from the main Chandra Valley glacier, The present fluctuation study (1 962- 1989) shows that the glacier has been almost retreating expect in 1987 when it advanced about 17.5m. The totd recession of glacier during the period of 26 years was about 195m with an average rate of 7.5m/yr.

Keywords

Glacier, Moraine, Geomorphology, Himachal Pradesh.

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Surendar Kumar ¹, Trilochan Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun, 248 001, IN

Abstract

The geological setting of the Subansiri District is mostly controlled by the fold belt, a steep sided anticlinorium in the Quartzite - Phyllite Unit of the Bomdila Group that possibly overlies an Older Massif and a concealed deep seated fault. Amongst the economic minerals and are deposits, limestone, dolomite, coal, graphite, and various base metals are of great intetest. Beside these, sulphide mineralisation is quite common. Mainly four controls on the mineralisation have been recognised, which are:

1. Deposits are strata-bound within the Phyllite - Quartzite Unit of the Bomdila Group and the Quartzite Unit of the Miri Group.

2. Ore occurs mostly near the thrust contact zone.

3. The deposits in rocks of both the units are located near the gneissic contact of the Bomdila Group as well as that of the crystallines of the Se La Group.

4. The Pb-Zn, Fe & S in the Bomdila Group show pockets and pinch and swell structures indicating earlier deposits subjected to erosional processes in the earlier phases.

Other deposits are in the Quartzite Unit of the Miri Group which are located close to the crystalline thrust.

Keywords

Structure, Tectonics, Economic Geology, Subansiri, Arunachal Pradesh.

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D. P. Dobhal ¹, Surendar Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun - 248 001, IN

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh has over 80% of mountain terrain. The inventory of glacier in such a terrain is carried out by the Remote Sensing Techniques (RST). About 10% of the lotal mountainous area in the Himachal Himalaya is covered with permanent snow and ice. The whole mountainous area has been divided into six basins as defined by the outlet of the glaciers. Six hundred and one glaciers have been identified in these basins. Studies show that the distribution of these glaciers is uneven. Majority of glaciers are concentrated in the Chandra-Bhagha (200), Beas-Parvati (80), Ravi (54), Malung (40), Spiti (159) and Satluj (68) basins. The summer snow line fluctuates between 4000 to 5000 m (mst). The total area of these basins is about 48,034 sq km, of which 4,516 sq km is covered by permanent snow. Hence, the total mountainous area of Himachal consists of about 60% of seasonal snow cover and 10% area is permanent snow and ice covered, the remaining 30% area is snow-free in the lower altitudes.

Keywords

Geology, Inventory of Glaciers, Himachal Himalaya.

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A. K. Mahajan ¹, Surendar Kumar ², S. K. Chabak ²

Affiliations
1 Scientist Incharge, Kangra Seismic Array, c/o K.C. Mahajan, Shyamnagar Dharamsala, Dist. Kangra - 176215. (H.P.), IN
2 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun-248 00, IN

Abstract

Gravity survey in the station spacing of about 2 km was carried out in Dhararnsala-Palampur area (36 x 20 km) of the northwest Himalaya to study the seismotectonics of the region. The regional trend of Bouguer anomaly shows general decrease from -230 mGal to -250 mGal from south to north. The present gravity survey in DhararnsaIa-Palampur area has brought out some gravity highs trending transverse to the Himalayan trend. The presence of gravity high zone in the central portion of the study area near Yol may indicate either an anticlinal structure or emplacement of denser material from below, probably along the southeast dipping transverse feature noticed in the area. Another gravity high is noticed southwest of Palampur, also named as Paror anticline. The Bouguer anomaly map has helped to detect some transverse faults trending northeast-southwest and north-south i.e. oblique to the major thrust in the Dharamsala-Palampur region.

Keywords

Geophysics, Tectonics, Gravity Anomaly, Himalaya.

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