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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, IN
2 Centre of Advanced Study in Geology, Punjab University, Chandigarh - 160014, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 58, No 2 (2001), Pagination: 113-122
Abstract
The X-Ray diffraction and major element analyses of the upper Siwalik rocks of Punjab were carried out to assess the clay mineral composition of the rocks. The clay mineral assemblages comprise illite, smectite, kaolinite, chlorite and mixed layer phyllosilicates. The SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/R2O3 molecular ratios of the clays range between 3.86 and 6.60, and 2.94 and 5.37 respectively, suggesting dominance of 2:1 type clay minerals in these rocks. Inheritence and transformation were recognized as the chief processes responsible for genesis of these clay minerals. The clay mineral assemblages suggest their formation under moderate chemical weathering conditions in cool to temperate climate.
Keywords
Mineralogy, Geochemistry, Genesis, Clay Minerals, Siwalik, Punjab.
