Author Details

Field observations, trace element and isotopic results are reported for rocks classified as carbonatites from Vinjamur area in the Nellore schist belt. These carbonate rocks occur either inter-bedded with metasedimentary quartzites and pelites or in association with calc-alkaline rather than alkaline volcanic rocks. No fenitised contacts are seen. Their Nb and REE contents are too low for carbonatites. Samples free from baryte veins have less than 150 ppm of Sr with an isotopic ratio greater than 0.7100 δ¹³C_PDB range from -1.58 to - 0.56 ‰ and δ¹⁸O_SMOW from +14.00 to +16‰ , All these features, individually and collectively, show that the carbonate rocks of Vinjamur are most probably sedimentary and not igneous in origin.

Keywords

Carbonatite, Nellore Schist Belt, Andhra Pradesh.

Full Text

Oxygen Isotope Systematics of Siberian Basalts

Light Hydrocarbons Geochemistry of Surface Sediment from Petroliferous Region of the Mehsana Block, North Cambay Basin

Abstract Views :190 | PDF Views:0

Authors

T. Madhavi ¹, T. Satish Kumar ¹, M. A. Rasheed ¹, G. Kalpana ¹, D. J. Patil ¹, A. M. Dayal ¹

Affiliations
1 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
2 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical Prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Hyderabad - 500 606, IN

Source

Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 74, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 7-15

Abstract

A study was carried out to test the usefulness of surface geochemical methods as regional evaluation tools in petroliferous region of the Mehsana block, North Cambay Basin. A suite of 135 soil samples collected from the depth of 2.5 m, were analyzed for adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbons and carbon isotopes (δ¹³C_methane and δ¹³C_ethane). The light gaseous hydrocarbon analysis show that the concentration ranges 402 ppb, 135 ppb, 70 ppb, 9 ppb and 18 ppb of C₁, C₂, C₃, iC₄ and nC₄, respectively. The value of carbon isotopic ranges of methane -29.5 to -43.0‰ (PDB) and ethane -19.1 to -20.9‰ (PDB). This data, when mapped, indicates patterns coinciding with major known oil and/or gas field of Sobhasan/Linch in this study area. The existence of un-altered petroliferous microseeps of catagenetic origin is observed in the study area. A regional study, such as the one described here, can provide important exploration facts concerning the regional hydrocarbon potential in a block. This method has been confirmed and can be applied successfully in frontier basins.

Keywords

Adsorbed Soil Gas, Light Hydrocarbons, Microseeps, Carbon Isotope, Mehsane Block.

Full Text

References

BANERJEE, A., JHA, M., MITTAL, A.K, THOMAS, N.J., and MISRA, K.N. (2000) The effective source rocks in the Cambay Basin, India. Mar. Petro. Geol., v.17, pp.1111-1129.

BANERJEE, A. and RAO, K.L.N. (1993) Geochemical evaluation of part of the Cambay Basin, India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.77, no.1, pp.29-48.

BERNARD, B.B. (1978) Light hydrocarbons in Sediments - PhD dissertation, Texas A&M University, USA, pp.144.

BERNARD, B.B., BROOKS, J.M. and SACKETT, W.M. (1978) Light hydrocarbons in recent Texas continental shelf and slope sediments. Jour. Geophy. Res., v.83, pp.4053-4061.

BHANDARI, L.L. and CHOUDHARY, L.R. (1975) Stratigraphic Analysis of Kadi and Kalol Formations, Cambay Basin, India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.59, pp.856-871.

BISWAS, S.K. (1982) Rift basins in western margin of India and their hydrocarbon prospects with special reference to Kutch basin. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.66, pp. 1497-1513.

BISWAS, S.K. (1987) Regional tectonic framework, structure, and evolution of the western margin basins of India. Tectonophysics, v.137, pp.307-327.

BISWAS, S.K., RANGARAJU, M.K., THOMAS, J. and BHATTACHARYA, S.K. (1994) Cambay - Hazad Petroleum System in South Cambay Basin, India. In: L.B. Magoon and W.G. Dow (Eds.), Petroleum System from Source to trap. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., v.60, pp.615-624.

CHANDRA, K., MISRA, K.N. and MAKAR, P.S. (1984) Isobutane / normal butane ethane reaming heavier hydrocarbons relationship in natural of sedimentary basins. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., Research Conf. on Geochemistry of natural gases, San Antanio, USA (Abstr).

CHANDRA, K., MISHRA, C.S., SAMANTA, U., ANITA GUPTA and MEHROTRA, K.L. (1994) Correlation of different maturity parameters in the Ahmedabad - Mehsana block of the Cambay basin. Org. Geochem, v.20, no.3/4, pp.313-321.

DEINES, P. (1980) The isotopic composition of reduced organic carbon. In: P. Fritz, and J.Fontes (Eds.), Handbook of environmental isotope geochemistry, v.1, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp.329-406.

FABER, E. and STAHL, W. (1983) Analytical procedure and results of and isotope surface survey in an area of the British North Sea. In: J. Brooks (Ed.), Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration of Europe. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., no.12, pp.51-63.

FABER, E. and STAHL, W. (1984) Geochemical surface exploration for hydrocarbons in the North Sea. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.68, pp.363-386.

GEVIRTZ, J.L. (2002) Surface hydrocarbon characterization of Kinsale Head gas field, Celtic Sea, offshore Ireland, In: D. Schumacher and L.A. LeSchack (Eds.), Surface exploration case histories: Application of geochemistry, magnetics, and remote sensing. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., Studies in Geology, no.48 and SEG Geophy. Ref. Series no.11, pp.415-431

GEVIRTZ, J.L., CAREY, B.D. and BLANCO, S.R. (1983) Surface geochemical exploration in the North Sea. Methodology with an example. In: J. Brooks (Ed.), Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration of Europe. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., no.12, pp.35- 50.

HORVITZ, L. (1939) On geochemical prospecting. Geophysics, v.4, pp.210-225.

HORVITZ, L. (1980) Near surface evidence of hydrocarbon movement from depth. In: W.H. Roberts III and R.J. Cordell (Eds.), Problems of Petroleum Migration. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Studies in Geology, no.10, pp.241-269.

HORVITZ, L. (1981) Hydrocarbon prospecting after forty years. In: B.M. Gottleib (Ed.), Unconventional Methods in Exploration for Petroleum and Natural Gas II. Southern Methodist University Press, Dallas, TX, pp.83-95.

JONES, V.T. and DROZD, R.J. (1983) Predictions of oil and gas potential by near-surface geochemistry. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.67, pp.932-952.

KUNDU, J., PRASAD, B. and ANAND PRAKASH. (1997) Structural Framework and Distribution of Synrift Depocentres in Cambay Rift Basin, Western India, Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.81,pp.1392-1393.

KVENVOLDEN, D.A., VOGEL, T.M. and GARDNER, J.V. (1981) Geochemical prospecting for hydrocarbons in the outer continental shelf, South Bering Sea, Alaska. Jour. Geochem. Explor., v.14, pp.209-219.

MATHUR, L.P., RAO, K.L.N. and CHAUBE, A.N. (1968) Tectonic framework of Cambay Basin, India. ONGC Bull., v.5, pp.7-28.

MEHROTRA, K.L., GUPTA, A., TIWARI, G. and KUMAR, A. (1991) Geochemistry of Cambay Basin. In: Integrated Exploration Research - Status and perspective 1990, pp.429-436.

NIKANOV, V.F. (1961) Heavy hydrocarbons in gases of oil and gas pools and their relationships. Petrol.Geol., v.5, pp.43.

PIXLER, B.O. (1969) Formation evaluation by analysis of hydrocarbon ratios. Jour. Petrol. Tech., v.21,pp.665-670.

RAJU, A.T.R. (1969) Geological evolution of Assam and Cambay Tertiary Basins of India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.52, no.12, pp.2422-2437.

SARRAF , S.C., RAY, D.S., KARARIA, A.D. and LAL, N.K. (2000) Geology, sedimentation and petroleum systems of Cambay Basin, India. Proc. 5th Internat. Conf. & Exhibition on Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration in the Afro-Asian region, pp.215-226.

SCHOELL, M. (1983) Genetic characterization of natural gases. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.67, pp.2225-2238.

SILVERMAN, S. R. (1971) Influence of petroleum origin and transformation on its distribution and redistribution in sedimentary rocks. Proc. 8th World Petroleum Congress, v.2, pp.47-54.

SOKOLOV, V.A., GEODENKYAN, A.A., GRIGORYEV, G., KREMS, A.Y., STROGANOV,V.A., ZORKIN, L.M., AEIDDSON, M.I. and VAINSAUM, S.J. (1970) The new methods of gas suverys, gas investigations of wells and some practical results. Can. Inst. Min. Metal., v.11, pp.538-543.

STAHL, W. and CAREY, B.D. (1975) Source rock identification by isotope analysis of natural gases from fields in the Val Verde and Delaware basins. West Texas. Chem. Geol., v.16, pp.257- 267.

Near Surface Manifestation of Hydrocarbons in Proterozoic Bhima and Kaladgi Basins: Implications to Hydrocarbon Resource Potential

Abstract Views :258 | PDF Views:4

Authors

M. S. Kalpana ¹, D. J. Patil ¹, A. M. Dayal ¹, S. V. Raju ²

Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
2 Directorate General of Hydrocarbons, Noida - 201 301, IN

Source

Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 76, No 6 (2010), Pagination: 548-556

Abstract

Reconnaissance surface geochemical survey for adsorbed soil gas analysis conducted in Proterozoic Bhima and Kaladgi Basins, have revealed occurrence of anomalous concentrations of light gaseous hydrocarbons i.e. C₁ to C₄ (CH₄, C₂H₆, C₃H₈, i-C₄H₁₀ and n-C₄H₁₀) in the near surface soils. The concentrations of C₁ and ΣC₂₊(C₂H₆+C₃H₈+ i-C₄H₁₀+ n-C₄H₁₀) in Bhima and Kaladgi Basins are in the range of 1-2594 ppb and 1 to 57 ppb and 1-1142 ppb and 1-490 ppb, respectively. The carbon isotopic data of adsorbed soil gas methane in few selected samples are in the range of -29.9 to -39‰ (PDB). The evaluation of adsorbed soil gas data indicates that all the gas components are cogenetic and hydrocarbon ratios of C₁/(C₂+C₃) < 10 and C₃/C_1^*1000 between 60-500 and 20-60 suggest that the adsorbed gases are derived from oil and gas-condensate zones. The carbon isotopic values of methane further support thermogenic origin of these migrated gases. The concentration distribution of C₁ and ΣC₂₊ in the study areas illustrate C₁ and ΣC₂₊ anomalies near Katamadevarhalli, Andola and Talikota in Bhima Basin and near Kaladgi, Lokapur and north of Mudhol in Kaladgi Basin. The hydrocarbon anomalies near the surface coincide with the favourable subsurface structural features and correlate with existing geochemical and geophysical data in these basins suggesting seepage related anomalies.

Keywords

Proterozoic, Adsorbed Soil Gas, Light Gaseous Hydrocarbons, Carbon Isotopes, Thermogenic, Bhima, Kaladgi.

Full Text

Carbon, Oxygen and Strontium Isotope Geochemistry of Carbonate Rocks from Kurnool Group, Southern India

Abstract Views :210 | PDF Views:2

Authors

D. J. Patil ¹, Das Sharma ¹, B. Kumar ¹, A. M. Dayal ¹, M. Shukla ²

Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
2 Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow - 226 007, IN

Source

Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 60, No 6 (2002), Pagination: 615-622

Abstract

Carbon isotopic compositions of carbonate rocks from Narji and Koilkuntla Formations belonging to the Kurnool Group range frorn -1.5 to +2.2%0 and +3.1 to +4.3%0 respectively. 13C values on coexisting organic carbon are around -26%0. ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of limestones from Koilkuntla Formation (0.7086 - 0.7104) exhibit less variation than those belonging to Narji limestones (0.7073 - 0.7132). Bivariant plots of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and δ¹³C against Mn/Sr and δ¹⁸O show open system diagenetic trends for the carbonate rocks of Narji Formation. Similar plots for Koilkuntla Formation do not reveal any definite alteration trends. Comparison of carbon isotope data coupled with the least altered ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values of Narji and Koilkuntla limestones shows similarity in the isotopic ratios exhibited by other worldwide Late Neoproterozoic carbonate successions. This finding is corroborated by available age information on the underlying Cuddapah Supergroup of rocks as well as palaeontological evidences on the rock formations of Kurnool Group.

Keywords

Carbonate Rocks, Carbon and oxygen isotopes, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, Kurnool Group, Andhra Pradesh.

Full Text

Geo-Microbial Prospecting Studies of Surface Sediments from Petroliferous Region of the Mehsana Block, North Cambay Basin

Abstract Views :178 | PDF Views:0

Authors

M. A. Rasheed ¹, M. Veena Prasanna ¹, M. Lakshmi ¹, T. Madhavi ¹, M. S. Kalpana ¹, D. J. Patil ¹, A. M. Dayal ¹

Affiliations
1 Microbiology Laboratory, CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad - 500 606, IN

Source

Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 80, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 267-275

Abstract

Surface adsorbed gas surveys and geo-microbiological surveys are well known techniques of petroleum exploration and aim towards risk reduction in exploration by way of identifying the areas warm with hydrocarbons and to establish inter-se exploration priorities amongst the identified warm areas. The thermogenic surface adsorbed gaseous hydrocarbons distribution patterns in petroliferous areas are considered to be a credible evidence for the upward migration of hydrocarbons. The present investigation aims to explore correlation between the adsorbed gas distribution pattern and microbial oxidizers in identifying the upward migration of hydrocarbons especially in the tropical black soil terrain of known petroliferous Mehsana Block of North Cambay Basin, India. A set of 135 sub-soil samples collected, were analyzed for indicator hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria, adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbons and carbon isotope ratios (δ ¹³C_methane and δ¹³C_ethane). The microbial prospecting studies showed the presence of high bacterial population for methane (5.4 × 10⁶ cfu/gm), ethane (5.5 × 10⁶ cfu/gm), propane (4.6 × 10⁶ cfu/gm) and butane oxidizing bacteria (4.6 × 10⁶ cfu/gm) in soil samples. The light gaseous hydrocarbon analysis showed that the concentration ranges of C₁, C₂, C₃, iC₄ and nC₄ are 402 ppb, 135 ppb, 70 ppb, 9 ppb and 18 ppb, respectively, and the value of carbon isotope ranges of methane -29.5 to -43.0‰ (V-PDB) and ethane -19.1 to -20.9‰ (V-PDB). The existence of un-altered petroliferous microseep (δ¹³C, -43‰) of catagenetic origin is observed in the study area. Geo-microbial prospecting method and adsorbed soil gas and carbon isotope studies have shown good correlation with existing oil/gas fields of Mehsana. Microbial surveys can independently precede other geochemical and geophysical surveys to delineate area warm with hydrocarbons, and mapped microbiological anomalies may provide focus for locales of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Mehsana Block of Cambay Basin.

Keywords

Geo-Mirobial Prospecting, Adsorbed Soil Gas, Light Hydrocarbons, Carbon Isotopes, Cambay Basin.

Full Text

References

BANERJEE, A. and RAO, K.L.N. (1993) Geochemical evaluation of part of the Cambay Basin, India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.77, no.1, pp.29-48.

BHANDARI, L.L. and CHOUDHARY, L.R. (1975) Stratigraphic Analysis of Kadi and Kalol Formations, Cambay Basin, India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.59, pp.856-871.

BISWAS, S.K. (1982) Rift basins in western margin of India and their hydrocarbon prospects with special reference to Kutch basin. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.66, pp.1497-1513.

BISWAS, S.K. (1987) Regional tectonic framework, structure, and evolution of the western margin basins of India. Tectonophysics, v.137, pp.307-327.

BISWAS, S.K., RANGARAJU, M.K., THOMAS, J. and BHATTACHARYA, S.K. (1994) Cambay – Hazad Petroleum System in South Cambay Basin, India. In: L.B. Magoon and W.G. Dow (Eds.), Petroleum System from Source to trap. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., v.60, pp.615-624.

CHANDRA, K., MISHRA, C.S., SAMANTA, U., ANITA GUPTA and MEHROTRA, K.L. (1994) Correlation of different maturity parameters in the Ahmedabad-Mehsana block of the Cambay basin. Org. Geochem., v.20, no.3/4, pp.313-321.

DAVIS, J.B. (1967) Petroleum Prospecting. Petroleum Microbiology: Elsevier Publishing Company, pp.197-245.

GEVIRTZ, T.I. and CAREY, B.D. (1983) Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration. Europe Geol. Soc., Spec. Publi., v.11, pp.99.

HORVITZ, L. (1981) Hydrocarbon prospecting after forty years. In: B.M. Gottleib (Ed.), Unconventional Methods in Exploration for Petroleum and Natural Gas II. Southern Methodist University Press, Dallas, TX, pp.83–95.

JILLMAN, N. (1987) Surface Geochemistry Enigmas. Oil and Gas Jour., v.9, pp.87-89.

KUNDU, J., PRASAD, B. and ANAND PRAKASH. (1997) Structural framework and distribution of Synrift Depocentres in Cambay Rift Basin, Western India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.81, pp.1392-1393.

TUCKER, J. and HITZMAN, D. (1994) Detailed microbial surveys help to improve reservoir characterization. Oil and Gas Jour., v.6, pp.65-69.

MADHAVI, T., SATISH KUMAR, T., RASHEED, M.A., KALPANA, G., PATIL, D.J. and DAYAL, A.M. (2009). Light hydrocarbon geochemistry of surface sediment from petroliferous region of the Mehsana Block, North Cambay Basin. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.74, pp.7-15.

MC LEE, A.G., KORMENDY, A.C. and WAYMAN, M. (1972) Isolation and characterization of n-butane utilizing microorganisms. Canadian Jour. Microbiology, v.18, pp.1191-1195.

MATHUR, L.P., RAO, K.L.N. and CHAUBE, A.N. (1968) Tectonic frame-work of Cambay Basin, India. ONGC Bull., v.5, pp.7-28.

MEHROTRA, K.L., GUPTA, A., TIWARI, G. and KUMAR, A. (1991) Geochemistry of Cambay Basin. In: Integrated Exploration Research – status and perspective 1990, pp.429-436.

MILLER, G.H. (1976) Microbial Survey to evaluate oil and gas. Oil and Gas Jour., v.4, pp.192.

PAREJA, L. (1994) Combined microbial, seismic surveys predict oil and gas occurences in Bolivia. Oil and Gas Jour., v.24, pp.68-70.

PERRY, J.J. and WILLIAM, S. (1968) Oxidation of hydrocarbons by microorganisms isolated from soil. Canadian Jour. Microbiology, v.14, pp.403-407.

RAJU, A.T.R. (1969) Geological evolution of Assam and Cambay Tertiary Basins of India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.52, no.12, pp.2422-2437.

RASHEED, M.A., VEENA PRASANNA, M., SATISH KUMAR, T., PATIL, D.J. and DAYAL, A.M. (2008) Geo-microbial prospecting method for hydrocarbon exploration in Vengannapalli village, Cuddapah Basin, India. Curr. Sci., v.95, no.3, pp.361-366.

RASHEED, M.A., LAKSHMI, M., PATIL, D.J. and DAYAL, A.M. (2009) Geo-microbial studies for hydrocarbon exploration from Southern part of Gulf of Mannar, Kerala-Konkan Offshore Basin. Indian Jour. Petrol. Geol., v.17, no.2, pp.1-9.

RONALD ATLAS, M. and LAWRENCE, C.P. (1996) Ammonium Mineral Salts medium. Handbook of Microbiological Media. CRC Press, New York, pp.79.

SARRAF, S.C., RAY, D.S., KARARIA, A.D. and LAL, N.K. (2000) Geology, sedimentation and petroleum systems of Cambay Basin, India. Proc. 5^th international conf. & exhibition on Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration in the Afro-Asian region. pp.215-226.

SEALY, J.R. (1974a) A Geomicrobial method of prospecting for oil. Oil and Gas Jour., v.8, pp.142-146.

SEALY, J.R. (1974b) A geomicrobial method of prospecting for oil. Oil and Gas Jour., v.15, pp.98-102.

SREENIVAS RAO, R., RASHEED, M.A., KALPANA, G., PATIL, D.J. and KUMAR, B. (2005) Effect of hydrocarbons and other parameters on Hydrocarbon utilizing Pichia angusta MTCC -225. Jour Appld. Biochem. Biotech., v.126, pp.205-214.

VASTAL, J.R. and PERRY, J.J. (1969) Divergent metabolic pathways for Propane and Propionate utilization by a Soil Isolate. Jour. Bacteriology, v.99, pp.216-221.

WAGNER, M., WAGNER, M., PISKE, J. and SMIT, R. (2002) Case Histories of microbial prospection for oil and gas. AAPG studies in Geology 48 and SEG Geophysical References Series, v.11, pp.453-479.

WITTENBURY, R., PHILIPS, K.C. and WILKINSON, J.F. (1970) Enrichment, isolation and some properties of Methane-utilizing Bacteria. Journal of General Microbiology, v.61, pp.205-218.

Username
Password
Remember me