Earthquake-Induced Structures in Pinjor formation of Nadah Area, Haryana

Soft sediment deformational structures have been observed in three sections of the basal Pinjor Formation exposed in the frontal Himalayan foothills in northern Haryana. The Nadah Choe section (A) shows contortion, Thinning-Thickening and faulting within 5 m thick sequence of sandstone, sandy shale and calcareous siltstone. The section (B) in a stream in the southwest of Nadah shows autoclasts, contortions around clay ball and faulting about 2 m thick Fluvio-Lacustrine sequence. The third section © is exposed in the Ghaggar river shows diapiric, Flame-Like intrusion of mud into the overlying beds of siltstone. The three sections are about 1.5 km strike length of gently dipping beds of basal Pinjor Formation. These structures were formed by liquefaction attending shear stress and can be related to major seismic events in this region during the deposition of the basal Pinjor Formation.