Evolution of Tin-Tungsten and Copper Bearing Hydrothermal Solutions Associated with Tosham Igneous Complex, Tosham, Bhiwani District, Haryana: A Fluid Inclusion Study

The Tosham granite/Rhyolite is associated with tin-Tungsten and copper mineralization. Tin-Tungsten and copper mineralization at the Tosham hill resulted from hydrothermal fluids of high to low salinity that were active over a temperature range of 150° to 450°C. Within this period, records of three stages of fluid activity were preserved in fluid inclusions. The first stage is characterized by high temperature (300° to 450°C) and high salinity (>37 wt% NaCl) fluids. In the second stage fluid temperature ranges 260° to 380°C and salinity ranges 12 to 14 wt% NaCl; these hydrothermal fluid is related to a major precipitation of ore minerals during this stage. Further, hydrothermal fluids cooled down at the last stage of fluid evolution in temperature range of 150° to 190°C and salinity range of 10.5 to 16 wt% NaCl. The associated sulphides were deposited in the last event.